12618 Hard Soft Substrate: West Hawaii Data Set Published / External 12598 Geomorphology Project Completed 2016 Hard and soft bottom seafloor substrate data and maps for the NOAA Habitat Blueprint West Hawaii Focus Area (WHFA) in the Main Hawaiian Islands. Cell values in the raster datasets reflect whether the seafloor is hard bottom or soft bottom based on an unsupervised classification run using ArcGIS software with the Spatial Analyst extension. The classifications are based on bathymetry, acoustic derivatives and verified using seafloor optical data. The seafloor substrate map and associated data are accessible online via the Pacific Islands Benthic Habiat Mapping Center (PIBHMC) website at www.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc. Prepared by the NOAA Coral Reef Ecosystem Program (CREP) and funded by the NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program (CRCP) and NOAA Habitat Blueprint, the maps include but extend beyond the boundaries of the CRCP-designated West Hawaii priority site. The data were derived in support of CRCP goals to map all U.S. Coral Reef Ecosystems by developing high-resolution benthic maps to characterize priority reefs and associated habitats. This derivative of bathymetry provides a GIS layer that may be used for benthic and essential fish habitat characterization, and for the study of geologic features. By combining the dataset with bathymetry, other derivatives, and in-situ data, they collectively compose benthic habitat maps which are designed to be used to understand and predict benthic habitats for different organisms that inhabit coral reef ecosystems. The hard and soft seafloor map is being used for long-term ecosystem monitoring, to guide future ground-truthing operations and to identify coral-rich environments and can be used in the development of actionable policies, plans and management practices. Suka, R., J. Rooney. 2017. Acoustic Characterization of Mesophotic Coral Reef Ecosystems of West Hawai¿i. U.S. Dep. Commer., NOAA Tech. Memo., NOAA-TM- NMFS-PIFSC-61, 31 p. https://doi.org/10.7289/V5/TM-PIFSC-61. This is a preliminary product developed by the NOAA Coral Reef Ecosystem Program (CREP) and the methods used to generate the map are planned for publication as a NOAA Technical Memorandum. The bathymetry and optical data collected by NOAA CREP for this project along with the derivative datasets generated by NOAA CREP, including coral cover, slope, rugosity, Bathymetric Position Index Zones, Bathymetric Position Index Structures, and Dominant Benthic Structure and Cover Habitat, are documented and hosted separately on the PIBHMC website at www.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc. Theme ISO 19115 Topic Category biota Theme ISO 19115 Topic Category oceans Theme CRCP Project 467 Theme CRCP Project Mapping and EcoSpatial Information Products to Support Coral Reef Ecosystem Management in the Pacific Islands Region Theme CoRIS Discovery Thesaurus Geographic Information > Habitats Theme CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Aquatic Habitat > Benthic Habitat Theme CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Aquatic Habitat > Reef Habitat Theme CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > GIS Theme CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Mapping > Habitat Mapping Theme CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Mapping > geomorphology Mapping Theme CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef monitoring and assessment > Mapping Theme CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Bathymetry/Seafloor Topography > Hard Seafloor Substrate Theme CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Bathymetry/Seafloor Topography > Soft Seafloor Substrate Theme CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs Theme CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs > Coral Reef Ecology > Habitats Theme NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS SUBSTRATE DESCRIPTION Theme NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS GIS product Theme NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS benthic Theme NODC PROJECT NAMES THESAURUS Coral Reef Conservation Program Theme NODC SUBMITTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS US DOC; NOAA; NMFS; Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center; Ecosystem Sciences Division; Coral Reef Ecosystem Program Theme CRED Theme CREP Theme Coral Reef Ecosystem Division Theme Coral Reef Ecosystem Program Theme PIFSC Theme Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center Theme Substrate Spatial CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Hawaii > Hawaii (21N160W0000) Spatial CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Hawaii > Hawaii Island (19N155W0003) Spatial CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Hawaii > Kohala Coast (21N155W0001) Spatial CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Hawaii > Puako (19N155W0001) Spatial CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Hawaii > Hawaii (21N160W0000) Spatial CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Hawaii > Kohala Coast (21N155W0001) Spatial CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Hawaii > Puako (19N155W0001) Spatial CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Hawaii Island > Hawaii Island (19N155W0003) Spatial NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS North Pacific Ocean Spatial Main Hawaiian Islands Stratum Global Change Master Directory SEA FLOOR Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center Honolulu HI USA Data Set GIS dataset of raster files None Planned Map (digital) The hard vs soft substrate designation is applied by performing an unsupervised classification on bathymetry data using the Iso Cluster classification tool in ArcGIS. This classification produces two classes, representing hard and soft substrate. While every effort has been made to ensure that these data are accurate and reliable within the limits of the current state of the art, NOAA cannot assume liability for any damages caused by errors or omissions in the data, nor as a result of the failure of the data to function on a particular system. NOAA makes no warranty, expressed or implied, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. PIFSC Coral Reef Ecosystem Program and funded by the NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program and the NOAA Habitat Blueprint Not applicable Not applicable Not applicable Data Steward 2015 Person Suka, Rhonda rhonda.suka@noaa.gov https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6296-090X 1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu HI 96818 USA (808)725-5494 Email preferred Distributor 2015 Person Akridge, Michael W michael.akridge@noaa.gov 1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu HI 96818 USA (808)725-5483 Email preferred Metadata Contact 2025-11-11 Person Akridge, Michael W michael.akridge@noaa.gov 1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu HI 96818 USA (808)725-5483 Metadata Contact 2015 Person DesRochers, Annette M annette.desrochers@noaa.gov 1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu HI 96818 USA (808)725-5461 8 am - 5 pm Email preferred Originator 2015 Organization Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center PIFSC pifsc.info@noaa.gov https://ror.org/02apffz65 1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu HI 96818 USA 808-725-5360 https://www.pifsc.noaa.gov Pacific Island Fisheries Science Center homepage Online Resource 8:00 a.m. - 4:30 p.m. Originator 2015 Organization NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program CRCP 1305 East West Highway 10th Floor Silver Spring MD 20910-3281 (301) 713-3155 https://coralreef.noaa.gov Link to the NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program website Online Resource Point of Contact 2025-11-11 Person Akridge, Michael W michael.akridge@noaa.gov 1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu HI 96818 USA (808)725-5483 Point of Contact 2015 Person DesRochers, Annette M annette.desrochers@noaa.gov 1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu HI 96818 USA (808)725-5461 8 am - 5 pm Email preferred Ground Condition NOAA Habitat Blueprint West Hawaii Focus Area, Hawaii, Main Hawaiian Islands -156.100504 -155.822838 20.061727 19.772429 West Hawaii Discrete 2003 Biogeography Benthic Habitat Maps used for validation Range 2006 2014 External partner seafloor imagery from: NOAA Biogeography: 2006-2007 Nature Conservancy: 2010, 2012-2014 Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology: 2011 Range 2006 2010 NOAA CREP rapid ecological assessment data Discrete 2007 USGS Benthic Habitat Maps used for validation Discrete 2012 NOAA CREP TOAD seafloor imagery Discrete 2012 NOAA CREP bathymetry data Discrete 2015 NOAA CREP TOAD seafloor imagery Range 2015 2016 External partner multibeam data from main Hawaiian Islands multibeam synthesis maintained by the Hawaii Mapping Research Group Unclassified Not applicable Not applicable NOAA Coral Reef Ecosystem Program (CREP) Data Sharing Recommendations, version 9.0 updated August 12, 2015: CREP welcomes the opportunity to collaborate on research issues contributing to the scientific basis for better management of marine ecosystems. CREP has a very diverse set of field activities that generates large volumes of data using an array of data collection protocols. The following recommendations are for your consideration as you use this data: 1) Data analyses should take all field exigencies into account. The most effective way to do this would be active collaboration with CREP principal investigators. 2) In all presentations, product releases, or publications using data generated by CREP, proper acknowledgement of both CREP and the individuals responsible for data collection is expected. Citing the DOI (if available) is preferred, a non-DOI example is listed below. 3) If you collect or generate data for the same study areas, CREP requests that you share relevant information on complimentary data collections. 4) Those receiving data are strongly urged to inform the CREP Data Management Team of any errors and discrepancies that are discovered during the course of using these data. They are further urged to bring to the attention of the Team all problems and difficulties encountered in using these data. This information is necessary in order to improve the collections and to facilitate more efficient and economical data processing and retrieval. The users are asked to supply copies of any missing data that may be located, and to provide information as to significant subsets and special aggregations of data that are developed in using the material provided. Example citation: "This publication makes use of data products provided by the Coral Reef Ecosystem Program (CREP), Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), with funding support from the NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program (CRCP) and NOAA Habitat Blueprint. The analysis and interpretations presented here are solely that of the current authors.” Data can be accessed online via the Pacific Islands Benthic Habitat Mapping Center website at https://www.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/pibhmc_mhi_haw.htm None These data are not to be used for navigation purposes. Please cite NOAA Coral Reef Ecosystem Program (CREP) when using the data. Suggested citation: Coral Reef Ecosystem Program; Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (2016). Hard and Soft Bottom Seafloor Substrate Map Derived from an Unsupervised Classification of Gridded Bathymetry Derivatives for the NOAA Habitat Blueprint West Hawaii Focus Area. https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/12618 [access date] None None ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/mhi/benthichabitatlayers/WestHawaii_hardsoft.zip WestHawaii_hardsoft.zip Zip file containing hard- and soft-bottom substrates data (shapefile feature class layer) and maps (JPG and PDF) for the Habitat Blueprint West Hawaii Focus Area. Zip Zip https://www.habitatblueprint.noaa.gov/storymap/hfa/hfa_pages/images/westHawaii/location_map.jpg Browse Graphic JPG NOAA Habitat Blueprint West Hawaii Focus Area http://www.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/index.htm Online Resource HTML Pacific Islands Benthic Habitat Mapping Center (PIBHMC) website. All data are accessible through this website. https://www.habitatblueprint.noaa.gov/habitat-focus-areas/west-hawaii/ Online Resource HTML NOAA Habitat Blueprint West Hawaii Focus Area website ArcGIS desktop and tools including Benthic Terrain Modeler (BTM), and from the ArcGIS Spatial Analyst extension the Principle Components Analysis (PCA) and the Iso Cluster Unsupervised Classification tools. Hard- and soft-bottom substrate classifications are primarily derived from gridded bathymetry data that is collected from a number of NOAA vessels using multibeam sonars. This multibeam data may be synthesized with other data including bathymetric LiDAR . Multibeam data collection targets waters ranging from ~20 m to 500 m depths. Bathymetric LiDAR target waters less than 20-m depths. The goal of all data collection is to collect data over the entire seafloor within 0-500 m depths. Horizontal positioning system: GPS C/A Horizontal position accuracy: 25 m Range resolution of sonar: varies with depth Raw sounding resolution: varies with depth Vertical accuracy of gridded product ~ 1% of water depth Hard- and soft-bottom substrates were determined for all areas where gridded bathymetry data were available. Some gaps exist in bathymetry coverage due to 1) hazardous conditions that prohibited access for the NOAA vessels, 2) limited time, or 3) limited funding resources. Multibeam bathymetry data were collected by different NOAA vessels using the same collection methods. All multibeam data collected by the Coral Reef Ecosystem Program (CREP) was processed in the same manner. All bathymetry synthesis data used as source data for the products generated for the Main Hawaiian Islands were processed in the same manner by the Hawaii Mapping Research Group. Seafloor imagery was collected by a number of different external partners using different methods; however, all imagery included in this project for the purposes of ground truthing was classified by CREP using the same classification scheme by experienced image analysts that are tested and calibrated annually. Corrections for tide variation and vessel attitude are applied to the multibeam data and a CTD (Conductivity, Temperature, and Depth instrument) cast is performed regularly during data collection to correct for variance within the water column. Multibeam data are tested for internal consistency; however, no effort is made to compare these data to external references or to other published data. Hard/soft results from unsupervised classification were validated and corrected using optical ground truth imagery. Yes Unknown Yes No Unknown NCEI-MD Unknown University of Hawaii School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, NOAA IRC and NOAA Fisheries ITS resources and assets. The Iso Cluster Unsupervised Classification tool in ArcGIS was used to classify the three-band Principle Component Analysis image into two distinct hard vs soft substrate classes. Ground truth optical imagery as well as existing shallow water habitat maps provided by the USGS and NOAA Biogeography Branch were used to validate and correct the hard soft classification. 5m Bathymetric data of Kohala coast of Hawaii Organization Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, PIFSC 2015-09-01 Range 2012-06-09 2012-06-29 http://www.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/pibhmc_mhi_haw_bathy.htm Cochran, S.A., Gibbs, A.E., and Logan, J.B., 2007, Geologic Resource Evaluation of Pu'ukohola Heiau National Historic Site, Hawaii; Part II, Benthic habitat mapping: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5254, 20 p. United States Geological Survey 2006-09-28 Range 2004-04 2004-08 http://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5256/ Costa BM and Battista TA (2013) The semi-automated classification of acoustic imagery for characterizing coral reef ecosystems. International Journal of Remote Sensing 34(18):6389–6422. Organization National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, NCCOS 2013-06-10 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2013.800661 Coyne, M. S., T. A. Battista, M. Anderson, J. Waddell, W. Smith, P. Jokiel, M. S. Kendall and M. E. Monaco. 2003. Benthic Habitats of the Main Hawaiian. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS CCMA 152. Silver Spring, MD. 48 pp Organization National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, NCCOS 2003-11-01 Discrete 2000 https://www.coastalscience.noaa.gov/publications/detail?resource=qejBv6ZUKKXwNsGgQLkqzyhtjF6CMlv8jyS737Ib/Fg= Iso Cluster Unsupervised Classification Tool Esri http://desktop.arcgis.com/en/arcmap/latest/extensions/spatial-analyst/image-classification/executing-the-iso-cluster-unsupervised-classification-tool.htm Main Hawaiian Islands Multibeam Bathymetry Synthesis University of Hawaii, Hawaii Mapping Research Group http://www.soest.hawaii.edu/HMRG/multibeam/bathymetry.php Wright, D.J., Pendleton, M., Boulware, J., Walbridge, S., Gerlt, B., Eslinger, D., Sampson, D., and Huntley, E. 2012. ArcGIS Benthic Terrain Modeler (BTM), v. 3.0, Environmental Systems Research Institute, NOAA Coastal Services Center, Massachusetts Office of Coastal Zone Management. ESRI, NOAA Coastal Services Center, Mass. Office of Coastal Zone Management 2012-11-14 http://esriurl.com/5754 1 Multibeam bathymetry data collected by NOAA CREP was processed and integrated with existing bathymetry datasets maintained by the University of Hawaii, Hawaii Mapping Research Group (HMRG) to produce a high-resolution (5m) bathymetry synthesis for the entire NOAA Habitat Blueprint West Hawaii Focus Area (WHFA). 5m Bathymetric data of Kohala coast of Hawaii 2 The Benthic Terrain Modeler in ArcGIS 10.3 was used to derive a series of surface complexity layers using the WHFA bathymetry synthesis. Eight surface complexity layers (mean depth, standard deviation of depth, curvature, plan curvature, profile curvature, slope, slope of slope, and rugosity) and Bathymetric Position Index (BPI) layers for zone and structure were produced. Wright, D.J., Pendleton, M., Boulware, J., Walbridge, S., Gerlt, B., Eslinger, D., Sampson, D., and Huntley, E. 2012. ArcGIS Benthic Terrain Modeler (BTM), v. 3.0, Environmental Systems Research Institute, NOAA Coastal Services Center, Massachusetts Office of Coastal Zone Management. 3 A Principle Component Analysis (PCA) using ENVI 5.3 software was performed on the bathymetry synthesis and eight complexity surface layers to remove highly correlated data by transforming the image into nine principle components. The first three principle components described 99% of the data variability. The complexity surfaces that contributed the most variance were depth, mean depth and rugosity. These three principle components were retained for use in the benthic classification process. Costa BM and Battista TA (2013) The semi-automated classification of acoustic imagery for characterizing coral reef ecosystems. International Journal of Remote Sensing 34(18):6389–6422. 4 The Iso Cluster Unsupervised Classification tool in ArcGIS was used to classify the three-band Principle Component Analysis image into two distinct hard vs soft substrate classes. Iso Cluster Unsupervised Classification Tool 5 To verify the accuracy of the automated delineation, the classified optical validation points were overlaid onto the delineated image to confirm or correct the substrate classes. The delineated classifications were manually corrected if they disagreed with the optical validation points. When optical validation points were absent, the USGS and NOAA Biogeography Branch benthic habitat maps were used as validation. 12617 Data Set Cross Reference 12616 Data Set Cross Reference 32811 Data Set Cross Reference 31636 Data Set Cross Reference 12615 Data Set Cross Reference 33579 Data Set Cross Reference 12614 Data Set Cross Reference gov.noaa.nmfs.inport:12618 Annette DesRochers 2012-07-12T21:52:00 SysAdmin InPortAdmin 2026-08-19T18:32:47 2017-01-09 Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center PIFSC 1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu HI 96818 USA 808-725-5300 https://www.pifsc.noaa.gov 8:00 a.m. - 4:30 p.m. 1001 Public No No 2017-01-09 1 Year 2018-01-09