17794 Oceanographic and physiological parameters relating to Heterosigma akashiwo in Puget Sound Data Set Published / External 17696 Migrated from Environmental Conservation Division Project Completed 2011-05-01 2017-02-13 Over one half of the worlds fish production for human consumption currently comes from aquaculture, while wild fisheries yields are either stable or declining. Recurring threats from the raphidophyte, Heterosigma akashiwo Hada (Sournia) have caused extensive damage ($2-6 million per episode) to wild and net-penned fish of Puget Sound, Washington, and are believed to be increasing in scope and magnitude in this region, and elsewhere in the world over the past two decades. The mechanism of H. akashiwo toxicity is not well understood. The toxic activity of H. akashiwo has been attributed to the production of reactive oxygen species, brevetoxin-like compound(s), excessive mucus, or hemolytic activity; however these mechanisms are not confirmed consistently in all fish-killing events or cultured strains. The difficulty of conducting research with active, toxin-producing field populations of H. akashiwo have resulted in conflicting findings from those obtained in lab culture studies, thereby limiting the ability of fish farmers to respond to these episodic blooms. Collaborators in this project are: Vera Trainer (NWFSC), William Cochlan (San Francisco State University), Charles Trick (University of Western Ontario), and Mark Wells (University of Maine). The overall goal of this project is to identify the primary toxic element and the specific environmental factors that stimulate fish-killing H. akashiwo blooms, and thereby provide managers with the fundamental tools needed to help reduce the frequency and toxic magnitude of these harmful algal events. Studies to date have provided incomplete and conflicting observations on the mode of toxicity and the environmental stimulation of toxification. We propose a three-pronged approach to study the environmental controls of H. akashiwo growth and toxin production; laboratory culture experiments, field observations, and bottle and mesocosm manipulation experiments.The project objectives are to: 1. identify the element(s) of toxic activity (inorganic, organic, or synergistic) associated with blooms of H. akashiwo and the various cellular morphologies of this alga, 2. determine the environmental parameters that stimulate the growth success and expression of cell toxicity in the H. akashiwo populations of Puget Sound. Because previous studies have used H. akashiwo cultures with little or no toxic activity, our approach is to use a living laboratory to study H. akashiwo bloom ecology and toxicity using natural assemblages. Using a mobile lab at field sites where H. akashiwo cells are regularly found will enable us to fully characterize the toxic element(s) responsible for fish mortality, and the environmental factors influencing toxicity. Findings from annual field studies in June and two rapid response deployments during major bloom events will be confirmed using laboratory studies with fresh ( 6 mo. old) isolates. The expected results are: 1. determination of the key elements of toxicity of H. akashiwo, 2. characterization of the environmental variables that influence either the induction or depression of elements of toxic activity in H. akashiwo, 3. characterization of environmentally-induced metabolites corresponding to condition of toxin production (metabolomics) and 4. design of a strategy for realistic mitigation of H. akashiwo activities in Puget Sound, Washington. This is a stand-alone project funded for 3 years through the NOAA/NSF ECOHAB program. Contains oceanographic parameters such as temperature, salinity, density, fluorescence and nutrient concentrations. Also contains information on the toxic elements of Heterosigma akashiwo and physiological conditions related to observed toxic effects. Raw/field data, Monitoring or sensor data, Time series (of types 1-3), Laboratory data Loaded by batch 4080, 01-22-2013 19:34 Subject to Public Access to Research Results (PARR): Yes Data: Determine the toxin produced by Heterosigma to allow tracking of blooms threatening fish farms. Data: Determine the environmental factors promoting toxicity in Heterosigma to allow forecasting of blooms. Peer Reviewed Publication: Research paper in special issue on HABs in Stratified Systems. Theme marine toxin Spatial ECOREGION Spatial East Sound, Orcas Island Spatial Ecoregions Spatial Friday Harbor Laboratories Spatial Montlake Spatial NWFSC Montlake Spatial Puget Trough/Georgia Basin Spatial US Waters of Puget Sound/Georgia Basin Instrument In-Situ Instrument - In-Situ Instrument (not specified) Instrument Sonde and Probe - Conductivity Instrument Temperature Instrument and Depth Platform Animal and Plant Collection Device Platform Animal and Plant Collection Device - Plankton Collection Device - Plankton Net Platform Water Sampler Bottle - Surface Sample Bottle Northwest Fisheries Science Center Seattle WA USA Data Set Access Database Table (digital) In-Situ Instrument - In-Situ Instrument (not specified), Sonde and Probe - Conductivity, Temperature, and Depth Platform Not Applicable Animal and Plant Collection Device, Animal and Plant Collection Device - Plankton Collection Device - Plankton Net, Water Sampler Bottle - Surface Sample Bottle 36787 NOAA/NSF ECOHAB Heterosigma Discreete Data Published / External Planned Over one half of the worlds fish production for human consumption currently comes from aquaculture, while wild fisheries yields are either stable or declining. Recurring threats from the raphidophyte, Heterosigma akashiwo Hada (Sournia) have caused extensive damage ($2-6 million per episode) to wild and net-penned fish of Puget Sound, Washington, and are believed to be increasing in scope and magnitude in this region, and elsewhere in the world over the past two decades. The mechanism of H. akashiwo toxicity is not well understood. The toxic activity of H. akashiwo has been attributed to the production of reactive oxygen species, brevetoxin-like compound(s), excessive mucus, or hemolytic activity; however these mechanisms are not confirmed consistently in all fish-killing events or cultured strains. The difficulty of conducting research with active, toxin-producing field populations of H. akashiwo have resulted in conflicting findings from those obtained in lab culture studies, thereby limiting the ability of fish farmers to respond to these episodic blooms. Collaborators in this project are: Vera Trainer (NWFSC), William Cochlan (San Francisco State University), Charles Trick (University of Western Ontario), and Mark Wells (University of Maine). The overall goal of this project is to identify the primary toxic element and the specific environmental factors that stimulate fish-killing H. akashiwo blooms, and thereby provide managers with the fundamental tools needed to help reduce the frequency and toxic magnitude of these harmful algal events. Studies to date have provided incomplete and conflicting observations on the mode of toxicity and the environmental stimulation of toxification. We propose a three-pronged approach to study the environmental controls of H. akashiwo growth and toxin production; laboratory culture experiments, field observations, and bottle and mesocosm manipulation experiments.The project objectives are to: 1. identify the element(s) of toxic activity (inorganic, organic, or synergistic) associated with blooms of H. akashiwo and the various cellular morphologies of this alga, 2. determine the environmental parameters that stimulate the growth success and expression of cell toxicity in the H. akashiwo populations of Puget Sound. Because previous studies have used H. akashiwo cultures with little or no toxic activity, our approach is to use a living laboratory to study H. akashiwo bloom ecology and toxicity using natural assemblages. Using a mobile lab at field sites where H. akashiwo cells are regularly found will enable us to fully characterize the toxic element(s) responsible for fish mortality, and the environmental factors influencing toxicity. Findings from annual field studies in June and two rapid response deployments during major bloom events will be confirmed using laboratory studies with fresh ( 6 mo. old) isolates. The expected results are: 1. determination of the key elements of toxicity of H. akashiwo, 2. characterization of the environmental variables that influence either the induction or depression of elements of toxic activity in H. akashiwo, 3. characterization of environmentally-induced metabolites corresponding to condition of toxin production (metabolomics) and 4. design of a strategy for realistic mitigation of H. akashiwo activities in Puget Sound, Washington. This is a stand-alone project funded for 3 years through the NOAA/NSF ECOHAB program. Spreadsheet Yes PARR Over one half of the worlds fish production for human consumption currently comes from aquaculture, while wild fisheries yields are either stable or declining. Recurring threats from the raphidophyte, Heterosigma akashiwo Hada (Sournia) have caused extensive damage ($2-6 million per episode) to wild and net-penned fish of Puget Sound, Washington, and are believed to be increasing in scope and magnitude in this region, and elsewhere in the world over the past two decades. The mechanism of H. akashiwo toxicity is not well understood. The toxic activity of H. akashiwo has been attributed to the production of reactive oxygen species, brevetoxin-like compound(s), excessive mucus, or hemolytic activity; however these mechanisms are not confirmed consistently in all fish-killing events or cultured strains. The difficulty of conducting research with active, toxin-producing field populations of H. akashiwo have resulted in conflicting findings from those obtained in lab culture studies, thereby limiting the ability of fish farmers to respond to these episodic blooms. Collaborators in this project are: Vera Trainer (NWFSC), William Cochlan (San Francisco State University), Charles Trick (University of Western Ontario), and Mark Wells (University of Maine). The overall goal of this project is to identify the primary toxic element and the specific environmental factors that stimulate fish-killing H. akashiwo blooms, and thereby provide managers with the fundamental tools needed to help reduce the frequency and toxic magnitude of these harmful algal events. Studies to date have provided incomplete and conflicting observations on the mode of toxicity and the environmental stimulation of toxification. We propose a three-pronged approach to study the environmental controls of H. akashiwo growth and toxin production; laboratory culture experiments, field observations, and bottle and mesocosm manipulation experiments.The project objectives are to: 1. identify the element(s) of toxic activity (inorganic, organic, or synergistic) associated with blooms of H. akashiwo and the various cellular morphologies of this alga, 2. determine the environmental parameters that stimulate the growth success and expression of cell toxicity in the H. akashiwo populations of Puget Sound. Because previous studies have used H. akashiwo cultures with little or no toxic activity, our approach is to use a living laboratory to study H. akashiwo bloom ecology and toxicity using natural assemblages. Using a mobile lab at field sites where H. akashiwo cells are regularly found will enable us to fully characterize the toxic element(s) responsible for fish mortality, and the environmental factors influencing toxicity. Findings from annual field studies in June and two rapid response deployments during major bloom events will be confirmed using laboratory studies with fresh ( 6 mo. old) isolates. The expected results are: 1. determination of the key elements of toxicity of H. akashiwo, 2. characterization of the environmental variables that influence either the induction or depression of elements of toxic activity in H. akashiwo, 3. characterization of environmentally-induced metabolites corresponding to condition of toxin production (metabolomics) and 4. design of a strategy for realistic mitigation of H. akashiwo activities in Puget Sound, Washington. This is a stand-alone project funded for 3 years through the NOAA/NSF ECOHAB program. 1 Event VARCHAR2 No No Active The name of the individual cruise or event in which samples were collected for the overall project. VARCHAR2 As provided 2 Event start date DATE No No Active The date on which the individual cruise or event began (local time). DATE mm/dd/yyyy As provided 3 Event end date DATE No No Active The date on which the individual cruise or event ended (local time). DATE mm/dd/yyyy As provided 4 Station VARCHAR2 No No Active The name or identification number of a given station at which samples were collected. VARCHAR2 As provided 5 Sampling Date DATE No No Active The date (local time) on which as sample was collected. DATE mm/dd/yyyy As provided 6 Sampling Start Time DATE No No Active The time (local time) on the date in which a sample began to be collected. DATE mm/dd/yyyy hh24:mi As provided 7 Sampling End Time DATE No No Active The time (local time) on the date in which a sample was finished being collected. DATE mm/dd/yyyy hh24:mi As provided 8 Sampling Depth (m) NUMBER No No Active The depth at which a given sample was collected. Units for values are meters. NUMBER meters As provided 9 Latitude NUMBER No No Active The latitude of the sampling station in decmal degrees. Units for values are decimal degrees. NUMBER decimal degrees As provided 10 Longitude NUMBER No No Active The longitude of the sampling station in decimal degrees. Units for values are decimal degrees. NUMBER decimal degrees As provided 11 Station Depth (m) NUMBER No No Active The water depth at a given station. Units for values are meters. NUMBER meters As provided 12 Chl-a NUMBER No No Active A measurement of chlorophyll a in a seawater sample. Units for values are micrograms per Liter. NUMBER micrograms per Liter 0 to measured value 13 NO3 + NO2 NUMBER No No Active A combination of nitrate and nitrite measured in a seawater sample. Units for values are micromolar. NUMBER micromolar 0 to measured value 14 H2PO4 NUMBER No No Active A measurement of orthophosphate in a seawater sample. Units for values are micromolar. NUMBER micromolar 0 to measured value 15 SiO2 NUMBER No No Active A measurement of silicate in a seawater sample. Units for values are micromolar. NUMBER micromolar 0 to measured value 16 NH4 NUMBER No No Active a measurement of ammonium in a seawater sample. Units for values are micromolar. NUMBER micromolar 0 to measured value 17 Urea NUMBER No No Active A measurement of urea in a seawater sample. Units for values are nanograms of nitrogen atoms per Liter. NUMBER nanograms of nitrogen atoms per Liter 0 to measured value 18 HetCount (cells/L) NUMBER No No Active The total number of Heterosigma cells counted in a given volume of water. This is a genus level enumeration and therefore includes all Heterosigma species present in the sample. Units for values are cells per Liter. NUMBER cells per Liter less than the limit of detection to the measured value 19 Mean FeII(nM) NUMBER No No Active The mean measured value of iron II in a water sample. Units for values are nanomolar. NUMBER nanomolar less than the limit of detection to the measured value 36788 NOAA/NSF ECOHAB Heterosigma CTD Published / External Planned Over one half of the worlds fish production for human consumption currently comes from aquaculture, while wild fisheries yields are either stable or declining. Recurring threats from the raphidophyte, Heterosigma akashiwo Hada (Sournia) have caused extensive damage ($2-6 million per episode) to wild and net-penned fish of Puget Sound, Washington, and are believed to be increasing in scope and magnitude in this region, and elsewhere in the world over the past two decades. The mechanism of H. akashiwo toxicity is not well understood. The toxic activity of H. akashiwo has been attributed to the production of reactive oxygen species, brevetoxin-like compound(s), excessive mucus, or hemolytic activity; however these mechanisms are not confirmed consistently in all fish-killing events or cultured strains. The difficulty of conducting research with active, toxin-producing field populations of H. akashiwo have resulted in conflicting findings from those obtained in lab culture studies, thereby limiting the ability of fish farmers to respond to these episodic blooms. Collaborators in this project are: Vera Trainer (NWFSC), William Cochlan (San Francisco State University), Charles Trick (University of Western Ontario), and Mark Wells (University of Maine). The overall goal of this project is to identify the primary toxic element and the specific environmental factors that stimulate fish-killing H. akashiwo blooms, and thereby provide managers with the fundamental tools needed to help reduce the frequency and toxic magnitude of these harmful algal events. Studies to date have provided incomplete and conflicting observations on the mode of toxicity and the environmental stimulation of toxification. We propose a three-pronged approach to study the environmental controls of H. akashiwo growth and toxin production; laboratory culture experiments, field observations, and bottle and mesocosm manipulation experiments.The project objectives are to: 1. identify the element(s) of toxic activity (inorganic, organic, or synergistic) associated with blooms of H. akashiwo and the various cellular morphologies of this alga, 2. determine the environmental parameters that stimulate the growth success and expression of cell toxicity in the H. akashiwo populations of Puget Sound. Because previous studies have used H. akashiwo cultures with little or no toxic activity, our approach is to use a living laboratory to study H. akashiwo bloom ecology and toxicity using natural assemblages. Using a mobile lab at field sites where H. akashiwo cells are regularly found will enable us to fully characterize the toxic element(s) responsible for fish mortality, and the environmental factors influencing toxicity. Findings from annual field studies in June and two rapid response deployments during major bloom events will be confirmed using laboratory studies with fresh ( 6 mo. old) isolates. The expected results are: 1. determination of the key elements of toxicity of H. akashiwo, 2. characterization of the environmental variables that influence either the induction or depression of elements of toxic activity in H. akashiwo, 3. characterization of environmentally-induced metabolites corresponding to condition of toxin production (metabolomics) and 4. design of a strategy for realistic mitigation of H. akashiwo activities in Puget Sound, Washington. This is a stand-alone project funded for 3 years through the NOAA/NSF ECOHAB program. Spreadsheet Yes PARR Over one half of the worlds fish production for human consumption currently comes from aquaculture, while wild fisheries yields are either stable or declining. Recurring threats from the raphidophyte, Heterosigma akashiwo Hada (Sournia) have caused extensive damage ($2-6 million per episode) to wild and net-penned fish of Puget Sound, Washington, and are believed to be increasing in scope and magnitude in this region, and elsewhere in the world over the past two decades. The mechanism of H. akashiwo toxicity is not well understood. The toxic activity of H. akashiwo has been attributed to the production of reactive oxygen species, brevetoxin-like compound(s), excessive mucus, or hemolytic activity; however these mechanisms are not confirmed consistently in all fish-killing events or cultured strains. The difficulty of conducting research with active, toxin-producing field populations of H. akashiwo have resulted in conflicting findings from those obtained in lab culture studies, thereby limiting the ability of fish farmers to respond to these episodic blooms. Collaborators in this project are: Vera Trainer (NWFSC), William Cochlan (San Francisco State University), Charles Trick (University of Western Ontario), and Mark Wells (University of Maine). The overall goal of this project is to identify the primary toxic element and the specific environmental factors that stimulate fish-killing H. akashiwo blooms, and thereby provide managers with the fundamental tools needed to help reduce the frequency and toxic magnitude of these harmful algal events. Studies to date have provided incomplete and conflicting observations on the mode of toxicity and the environmental stimulation of toxification. We propose a three-pronged approach to study the environmental controls of H. akashiwo growth and toxin production; laboratory culture experiments, field observations, and bottle and mesocosm manipulation experiments.The project objectives are to: 1. identify the element(s) of toxic activity (inorganic, organic, or synergistic) associated with blooms of H. akashiwo and the various cellular morphologies of this alga, 2. determine the environmental parameters that stimulate the growth success and expression of cell toxicity in the H. akashiwo populations of Puget Sound. Because previous studies have used H. akashiwo cultures with little or no toxic activity, our approach is to use a living laboratory to study H. akashiwo bloom ecology and toxicity using natural assemblages. Using a mobile lab at field sites where H. akashiwo cells are regularly found will enable us to fully characterize the toxic element(s) responsible for fish mortality, and the environmental factors influencing toxicity. Findings from annual field studies in June and two rapid response deployments during major bloom events will be confirmed using laboratory studies with fresh ( 6 mo. old) isolates. The expected results are: 1. determination of the key elements of toxicity of H. akashiwo, 2. characterization of the environmental variables that influence either the induction or depression of elements of toxic activity in H. akashiwo, 3. characterization of environmentally-induced metabolites corresponding to condition of toxin production (metabolomics) and 4. design of a strategy for realistic mitigation of H. akashiwo activities in Puget Sound, Washington. This is a stand-alone project funded for 3 years through the NOAA/NSF ECOHAB program. 1 Event VARCHAR2 No No Active The name of the individual cruise or event in which samples were collected for the overall project. VARCHAR2 As provided 2 Event start date DATE No No Active The date on which the individual cruise or event began (local time). DATE mm/dd/yyyy As provided 3 Event end date DATE No No Active The date on which the individual cruise or event ended (local time). DATE mm/dd/yyyy As provided 4 Station VARCHAR2 No No Active The name or identification number of a given station at which samples were collected. VARCHAR2 As provided 5 Sampling Date DATE No No Active The date (local time) on which as sample was collected. DATE mm/dd/yyyy As provided 6 Sampling Start Time DATE No No Active The time (local time) on the date in which a sample began to be collected. DATE mm/dd/yyyy hh24:mi As provided 7 Sampling End Time DATE No No Active The time (local time) on the date in which a sample was finished being collected. DATE mm/dd/yyyy hh24:mi As provided 8 Latitude NUMBER No No Active The latitude of the sampling station in decmal degrees. Units for values are decimal degrees. NUMBER decimal degrees As provided 9 Longitude NUMBER No No Active The longitude of the sampling station in decimal degrees. Units for values are decimal degrees. NUMBER decimal degrees As provided 10 Station Depth (m) NUMBER No No Active The water depth at a given station. Units for values are meters. NUMBER meters As provided 11 CastNum NUMBER No No Active The number of the CTD cast performed on a specific date. NUMBER As provided 12 Depth(m) NUMBER No No Active The depth at which the data were collected. Units for values are meters. NUMBER meters As provided 13 Pr(db) NUMBER No No Active The pressure reading at which the data were collected. Units for values are decibars. NUMBER decibars As provided 14 dm NUMBER No No Active A relative measurement of the depth at which the samples were collected using a specified reference depth. Units for values are meters. NUMBER meters As provided 15 scans NUMBER No No Active The number of data scans that were averaged to determine the data value for a given depth bin. NUMBER As provided 16 FL NUMBER No No Active The fluorescence reading from the chlorophyll fluourometer. Units for values are volts. NUMBER volts 0-5 17 Calib_Chl_a NUMBER No No Active Chlorophyll a values determined using the equation of a line derived from a regression of extracted chlorphyll a analyses and fluorometer voltage. NUMBER less than the limit of detection to the measured value 18 T NUMBER No No Active Water temperature. Units for values are degrees celsius. NUMBER degrees celsius zero to measured value 19 S NUMBER No No Active Seawater salinity. Units for values are unitless. NUMBER unitless zero to measured value 20 Cond NUMBER No No Active Seawater conductivity. Units for values are microsiemens per centimeter. NUMBER microsiemens per centimeter zero to measured value 21 ST NUMBER No No Active Seawater density. Units for values are Sigma-t units_kilograms per cubic meter. NUMBER Sigma-t units_kilograms per cubic meter zero to measured value Data Steward 2015-10-01 Person Adams, Nicolaus G Nicolaus.Adams@noaa.gov 2725 Montlake Blvd East Seattle WA 98112-2097 206-860-6787 206-860-3335 Distributor 2015-10-01 Organization Northwest Fisheries Science Center NWFSC nmfs.nwfsc.metadata@noaa.gov https://ror.org/05r7z1k40 2725 Montlake Boulevard East Seattle WA 98112 USA 206-860-3200 https://www.nwfsc.noaa.gov NWFSC Home Online Resource Metadata Contact 2015-10-01 Organization Northwest Fisheries Science Center NWFSC nmfs.nwfsc.metadata@noaa.gov https://ror.org/05r7z1k40 2725 Montlake Boulevard East Seattle WA 98112 USA 206-860-3200 https://www.nwfsc.noaa.gov NWFSC Home Online Resource Originator 2015-10-01 Person Adams, Nicolaus G Nicolaus.Adams@noaa.gov 2725 Montlake Blvd East Seattle WA 98112-2097 206-860-6787 206-860-3335 Point of Contact 2015-10-01 Person Adams, Nicolaus G Nicolaus.Adams@noaa.gov 2725 Montlake Blvd East Seattle WA 98112-2097 206-860-6787 206-860-3335 -122.3062 -122.3062 47.6449 47.6449 NWFSC Montlake Range 2010-10-01 2013-09-30 -122.8963 -122.8963 48.6644 48.6644 East Sound, Orcas Island Range 2010-10-01 2013-09-30 -123.0144 -123.0144 48.5458 48.5458 Friday Harbor Laboratories Range 2010-10-01 2013-09-30 -125.3893 -119.9604 50.5101 47.0437 US Waters of Puget Sound/Georgia Basin Range 2010-10-01 2013-09-30 Unclassified At this time, contact the Data Manager for information on obtaining access to this data set. In the near future, the NWFSC will strive to provide all non-sensitive data resources as a web service in order to meet the NOAA Data Access Policy Directive (https://nosc.noaa.gov/EDMC/PD.DA.php). NA https://www.webapps.nwfsc.noaa.gov/apex/parr/noaansf_ecohab_heterosigma_ctd/data/page/ 2015-10-01 Organization Northwest Fisheries Science Center https://ror.org/05r7z1k40 NOAA/NSF ECOHAB Heterosigma CTD (RESTful) Over one half of the worlds fish production for human consumption currently comes from aquaculture, while wild fisheries yields are either stable or declining. Recurring threats from the raphidophyte, Heterosigma akashiwo Hada (Sournia) have caused extensive damage ($2-6 million per episode) to wild and net-penned fish of Puget Sound, Washington, and are believed to be increasing in scope and magnitude in this region, and elsewhere in the world over the past two decades. The mechanism of H. akashiwo toxicity is not well understood. The toxic activity of H. akashiwo has been attributed to the production of reactive oxygen species, brevetoxin-like compound(s), excessive mucus, or hemolytic activity; however these mechanisms are not confirmed consistently in all fish-killing events or cultured strains. The difficulty of conducting research with active, toxin-producing field populations of H. akashiwo have resulted in conflicting findings from those obtained in lab culture studies, thereby limiting the ability of fish farmers to respond to these episodic blooms. Collaborators in this project are: Vera Trainer (NWFSC), William Cochlan (San Francisco State University), Charles Trick (University of Western Ontario), and Mark Wells (University of Maine). The overall goal of this project is to identify the primary toxic element and the specific environmental factors that stimulate fish-killing H. akashiwo blooms, and thereby provide managers with the fundamental tools needed to help reduce the frequency and toxic magnitude of these harmful algal events. Studies to date have provided incomplete and conflicting observations on the mode of toxicity and the environmental stimulation of toxification. We propose a three-pronged approach to study the environmental controls of H. akashiwo growth and toxin production; laboratory culture experiments, field observations, and bottle and mesocosm manipulation experiments.The project objectives are to: 1. identify the element(s) of toxic activity (inorganic, organic, or synergistic) associated with blooms of H. akashiwo and the various cellular morphologies of this alga, 2. determine the environmental parameters that stimulate the growth success and expression of cell toxicity in the H. akashiwo populations of Puget Sound. Because previous studies have used H. akashiwo cultures with little or no toxic activity, our approach is to use a living laboratory to study H. akashiwo bloom ecology and toxicity using natural assemblages. Using a mobile lab at field sites where H. akashiwo cells are regularly found will enable us to fully characterize the toxic element(s) responsible for fish mortality, and the environmental factors influencing toxicity. Findings from annual field studies in June and two rapid response deployments during major bloom events will be confirmed using laboratory studies with fresh ( 6 mo. old) isolates. The expected results are: 1. determination of the key elements of toxicity of H. akashiwo, 2. characterization of the environmental variables that influence either the induction or depression of elements of toxic activity in H. akashiwo, 3. characterization of environmentally-induced metabolites corresponding to condition of toxin production (metabolomics) and 4. design of a strategy for realistic mitigation of H. akashiwo activities in Puget Sound, Washington. This is a stand-alone project funded for 3 years through the NOAA/NSF ECOHAB program. https://www.webapps.nwfsc.noaa.gov/apex/parr/noaansf_ecohab_heterosigma_discreete_data/data/page/ 2015-10-01 Organization Northwest Fisheries Science Center https://ror.org/05r7z1k40 NOAA/NSF ECOHAB Heterosigma Discreete Data (RESTfu Over one half of the worlds fish production for human consumption currently comes from aquaculture, while wild fisheries yields are either stable or declining. Recurring threats from the raphidophyte, Heterosigma akashiwo Hada (Sournia) have caused extensive damage ($2-6 million per episode) to wild and net-penned fish of Puget Sound, Washington, and are believed to be increasing in scope and magnitude in this region, and elsewhere in the world over the past two decades. The mechanism of H. akashiwo toxicity is not well understood. The toxic activity of H. akashiwo has been attributed to the production of reactive oxygen species, brevetoxin-like compound(s), excessive mucus, or hemolytic activity; however these mechanisms are not confirmed consistently in all fish-killing events or cultured strains. The difficulty of conducting research with active, toxin-producing field populations of H. akashiwo have resulted in conflicting findings from those obtained in lab culture studies, thereby limiting the ability of fish farmers to respond to these episodic blooms. Collaborators in this project are: Vera Trainer (NWFSC), William Cochlan (San Francisco State University), Charles Trick (University of Western Ontario), and Mark Wells (University of Maine). The overall goal of this project is to identify the primary toxic element and the specific environmental factors that stimulate fish-killing H. akashiwo blooms, and thereby provide managers with the fundamental tools needed to help reduce the frequency and toxic magnitude of these harmful algal events. Studies to date have provided incomplete and conflicting observations on the mode of toxicity and the environmental stimulation of toxification. We propose a three-pronged approach to study the environmental controls of H. akashiwo growth and toxin production; laboratory culture experiments, field observations, and bottle and mesocosm manipulation experiments.The project objectives are to: 1. identify the element(s) of toxic activity (inorganic, organic, or synergistic) associated with blooms of H. akashiwo and the various cellular morphologies of this alga, 2. determine the environmental parameters that stimulate the growth success and expression of cell toxicity in the H. akashiwo populations of Puget Sound. Because previous studies have used H. akashiwo cultures with little or no toxic activity, our approach is to use a living laboratory to study H. akashiwo bloom ecology and toxicity using natural assemblages. Using a mobile lab at field sites where H. akashiwo cells are regularly found will enable us to fully characterize the toxic element(s) responsible for fish mortality, and the environmental factors influencing toxicity. Findings from annual field studies in June and two rapid response deployments during major bloom events will be confirmed using laboratory studies with fresh ( 6 mo. old) isolates. The expected results are: 1. determination of the key elements of toxicity of H. akashiwo, 2. characterization of the environmental variables that influence either the induction or depression of elements of toxic activity in H. akashiwo, 3. characterization of environmentally-induced metabolites corresponding to condition of toxin production (metabolomics) and 4. design of a strategy for realistic mitigation of H. akashiwo activities in Puget Sound, Washington. This is a stand-alone project funded for 3 years through the NOAA/NSF ECOHAB program. https://www.webapps.nwfsc.noaa.gov/apex/parrdata/inventory/tables/table/noaansf_ecohab_heterosigma_ctd 2015-10-01 Organization Northwest Fisheries Science Center https://ror.org/05r7z1k40 NOAA/NSF ECOHAB Heterosigma CTD Over one half of the worlds fish production for human consumption currently comes from aquaculture, while wild fisheries yields are either stable or declining. Recurring threats from the raphidophyte, Heterosigma akashiwo Hada (Sournia) have caused extensive damage ($2-6 million per episode) to wild and net-penned fish of Puget Sound, Washington, and are believed to be increasing in scope and magnitude in this region, and elsewhere in the world over the past two decades. The mechanism of H. akashiwo toxicity is not well understood. The toxic activity of H. akashiwo has been attributed to the production of reactive oxygen species, brevetoxin-like compound(s), excessive mucus, or hemolytic activity; however these mechanisms are not confirmed consistently in all fish-killing events or cultured strains. The difficulty of conducting research with active, toxin-producing field populations of H. akashiwo have resulted in conflicting findings from those obtained in lab culture studies, thereby limiting the ability of fish farmers to respond to these episodic blooms. Collaborators in this project are: Vera Trainer (NWFSC), William Cochlan (San Francisco State University), Charles Trick (University of Western Ontario), and Mark Wells (University of Maine). The overall goal of this project is to identify the primary toxic element and the specific environmental factors that stimulate fish-killing H. akashiwo blooms, and thereby provide managers with the fundamental tools needed to help reduce the frequency and toxic magnitude of these harmful algal events. Studies to date have provided incomplete and conflicting observations on the mode of toxicity and the environmental stimulation of toxification. We propose a three-pronged approach to study the environmental controls of H. akashiwo growth and toxin production; laboratory culture experiments, field observations, and bottle and mesocosm manipulation experiments.The project objectives are to: 1. identify the element(s) of toxic activity (inorganic, organic, or synergistic) associated with blooms of H. akashiwo and the various cellular morphologies of this alga, 2. determine the environmental parameters that stimulate the growth success and expression of cell toxicity in the H. akashiwo populations of Puget Sound. Because previous studies have used H. akashiwo cultures with little or no toxic activity, our approach is to use a living laboratory to study H. akashiwo bloom ecology and toxicity using natural assemblages. Using a mobile lab at field sites where H. akashiwo cells are regularly found will enable us to fully characterize the toxic element(s) responsible for fish mortality, and the environmental factors influencing toxicity. Findings from annual field studies in June and two rapid response deployments during major bloom events will be confirmed using laboratory studies with fresh ( 6 mo. old) isolates. The expected results are: 1. determination of the key elements of toxicity of H. akashiwo, 2. characterization of the environmental variables that influence either the induction or depression of elements of toxic activity in H. akashiwo, 3. characterization of environmentally-induced metabolites corresponding to condition of toxin production (metabolomics) and 4. design of a strategy for realistic mitigation of H. akashiwo activities in Puget Sound, Washington. This is a stand-alone project funded for 3 years through the NOAA/NSF ECOHAB program. https://www.webapps.nwfsc.noaa.gov/apex/parrdata/inventory/tables/table/noaansf_ecohab_heterosigma_discreete_data 2015-10-01 Organization Northwest Fisheries Science Center https://ror.org/05r7z1k40 NOAA/NSF ECOHAB Heterosigma Discreete Data Over one half of the worlds fish production for human consumption currently comes from aquaculture, while wild fisheries yields are either stable or declining. Recurring threats from the raphidophyte, Heterosigma akashiwo Hada (Sournia) have caused extensive damage ($2-6 million per episode) to wild and net-penned fish of Puget Sound, Washington, and are believed to be increasing in scope and magnitude in this region, and elsewhere in the world over the past two decades. The mechanism of H. akashiwo toxicity is not well understood. The toxic activity of H. akashiwo has been attributed to the production of reactive oxygen species, brevetoxin-like compound(s), excessive mucus, or hemolytic activity; however these mechanisms are not confirmed consistently in all fish-killing events or cultured strains. The difficulty of conducting research with active, toxin-producing field populations of H. akashiwo have resulted in conflicting findings from those obtained in lab culture studies, thereby limiting the ability of fish farmers to respond to these episodic blooms. Collaborators in this project are: Vera Trainer (NWFSC), William Cochlan (San Francisco State University), Charles Trick (University of Western Ontario), and Mark Wells (University of Maine). The overall goal of this project is to identify the primary toxic element and the specific environmental factors that stimulate fish-killing H. akashiwo blooms, and thereby provide managers with the fundamental tools needed to help reduce the frequency and toxic magnitude of these harmful algal events. Studies to date have provided incomplete and conflicting observations on the mode of toxicity and the environmental stimulation of toxification. We propose a three-pronged approach to study the environmental controls of H. akashiwo growth and toxin production; laboratory culture experiments, field observations, and bottle and mesocosm manipulation experiments.The project objectives are to: 1. identify the element(s) of toxic activity (inorganic, organic, or synergistic) associated with blooms of H. akashiwo and the various cellular morphologies of this alga, 2. determine the environmental parameters that stimulate the growth success and expression of cell toxicity in the H. akashiwo populations of Puget Sound. Because previous studies have used H. akashiwo cultures with little or no toxic activity, our approach is to use a living laboratory to study H. akashiwo bloom ecology and toxicity using natural assemblages. Using a mobile lab at field sites where H. akashiwo cells are regularly found will enable us to fully characterize the toxic element(s) responsible for fish mortality, and the environmental factors influencing toxicity. Findings from annual field studies in June and two rapid response deployments during major bloom events will be confirmed using laboratory studies with fresh ( 6 mo. old) isolates. The expected results are: 1. determination of the key elements of toxicity of H. akashiwo, 2. characterization of the environmental variables that influence either the induction or depression of elements of toxic activity in H. akashiwo, 3. characterization of environmentally-induced metabolites corresponding to condition of toxin production (metabolomics) and 4. design of a strategy for realistic mitigation of H. akashiwo activities in Puget Sound, Washington. This is a stand-alone project funded for 3 years through the NOAA/NSF ECOHAB program. https://www.webapps.nwfsc.noaa.gov/apex/parrdata/inventory/datasets/dataset/4075 Oceanographic and physiological parameters relating to Heterosigma akashiwo in Puget Sound Online Resource Web site NWFSC Dataset Information page. Contains oceanographic parameters such as temperature, salinity, density, fluorescence and nutrient concentrations. Also contains information on the toxic elements of Heterosigma akashiwo and physiological conditions related to observed toxic effects. Access Database High These data were collected and processed in accordance with established protocols and best practices under the direction of the project’s Principal Investigator. Contact the dataset Data Manager for full QA/QC methodology. No 0 No No No 0 days No Delay NCEI-MD 365 The Northwest Fisheries Science Center facilitates backup and recovery of all data and IT components which are managed by IT Operations through the capture of static (point-in-time) backup data to physical media. Once data is captured to physical media (every 1-3 days), a duplicate is made and routinely (weekly) transported to an offsite archive facility where it is maintained throughout the data's applicable life-cycle. NA 36788 Entity 36787 Entity gov.noaa.nmfs.inport:17794 Robert Marsicek 2013-01-22T19:34:34 SysAdmin InPortAdmin 2026-03-04T19:17:17 2019-06-04 Northwest Fisheries Science Center NWFSC 2725 Montlake Boulevard East Seattle WA 98112 USA 206-860-3200 https://www.nwfsc.noaa.gov 1001 Public No No 2019-06-04 1 Year 2020-06-04