33529 AFSC/RACE/SAP/Swiney: Effects of ocean acidification and increased temperatures on juvenile red king crab Data Set Published / External 22354 Shellfish Assessment Program Project Completed Multiple stressor studies are needed to better understand the effects of oceanic changes on marine organisms. To determine the effects of near-future ocean acidification and warming temperature on juvenile red king crab (Paralithodes camtschaticus) survival, growth, and morphology, we conducted a long-term (184 d) fully crossed experiment with two pHs and three temperatures: ambient pH (~7.99), pH 7.8, ambient temperature, ambient +2 degree C, and ambient +4 degree C, for a total of 6 treatments. The purpose of this study was to understand the effects of ocean acidification and warming temperatures on juvenile red king crab survival, growth and morphology. Loaded by FGDC Metadata Uploader, batch 9049, 07-27-2016 12:58 The following FGDC sections are not currently supported in InPort, but were preserved and will be included in the FGDC export: - Taxonomy (FGDC:taxonomy) Theme juvenile Theme morphology Theme ocean acidification Theme ocean warming Theme survival Theme young-of-the-year Alaska Fisheries Science Center Seattle WA USA Data Set None Planned Table (digital) The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose. NOAA denies liability if the data are misused. N/A N/A N/A 33530 carapace measurements Published / External Completed carapace measurements of molts and dead crab Loaded by FGDC Metadata Uploader, batch 9049, 07-27-2016 12:58 carapace measurements of molts and dead crab Date of molt or dead Unknown No No Active Date that a crab molted or died Tub Unknown No No Active Tub that the crab was in. There were 6 tubs in total. Each tub was a different treatment. Insert # Unknown No No Active The specific insert a crab was in within a tub. Treatment pH Unknown No No Active The treatment pH which was either ambient or pH 7.8. Treatment temp C Unknown No No Active The treatment temperature in degree C. The temperatures were ambient, ambient +2 degrees C, and ambient +4 degrees C. Event Unknown No No Active Either the molt number (1st molt, 2nd molt, etc.) day that the crab died, or the end of the experiment. Carapace width (mm) Unknown No No Active Carapace width in mm. Carapace Length (mm) Unknown No No Active Carapace length in mm. Rostrum Base Width (mm) Unknown No No Active The rostrum base width in mm. Orbital Spine Width (mm) Unknown No No Active The orbital spine width in mm. 1st Spine Length (mm) Unknown No No Active The length of the first spine in mm. 33531 growth Published / External Completed Growth after each molt experessed as size (carapace length) and percent increase in size. Loaded by FGDC Metadata Uploader, batch 9049, 07-27-2016 12:58 Growth after each molt experessed as size (carapace length) and percent increase in size. Tub Unknown No No Active Tub that the crab was in. There were 6 tubs in total. Each tub was a different treatment. Insert # Unknown No No Active The specific insert a crab was in within a tub. Treatment pH Unknown No No Active The treatment pH which was either ambient or pH 7.8. Treatment temp C Unknown No No Active The treatment temperature in degree C. The temperatures were ambient, ambient +2 degrees C, and ambient +4 degrees C. Initial CL mm Unknown No No Active Carapace length in mm at the beginning of the experiment. CL1 mm Unknown No No Active Carapace length in mm after the 1st molt. CL 2 mm Unknown No No Active Carapace length in mm after the 2nd molt. CL 3 mm Unknown No No Active Carapace length in mm after the 3rd molt. CL 4 mm Unknown No No Active Carapace length in mm after the 4th molt. CL 5 mm Unknown No No Active Carapace length in mm after the 5th molt. End CL mm Unknown No No Active Carapace length in mm at the end of the experiment. % increase initial & CL1 Unknown No No Active Percent increase in carapace length between the initial size and after the 1st molt. % increase CL1 & CL2 Unknown No No Active Percent increase in carapace length between the 1st and 2nd molts. % increase CL2 & CL3 Unknown No No Active Percent increase in carapace length between the 2nd and 3rd molts. % increase CL3 & CL4 Unknown No No Active Percent increase in carapace length between the 3rd and 4th molts. % increase CL4 & CL5 Unknown No No Active Percent increase in carapace length between the 4th and 5th molts. 33532 intermolt duration Published / External Completed The amount of time between molting events defined as degree days and experimental days. Loaded by FGDC Metadata Uploader, batch 9049, 07-27-2016 12:58 The amount of time between molting events defined as degree days and experimental days. Treatment pH Unknown No No Active The treatment pH which was either ambient or pH 7.8. Treatment temp C Unknown No No Active The treatment temperature in degree C. The temperatures were ambient, ambient +2 degrees C, and ambient +4 degrees C. Intermolt Unknown No No Active Either the first or second intermolt duration. Degree Days Unknown No No Active Intermolt duration expressed as degree days. Developmental degree days were calculated as the sum of the average daily temperatures. Experimental Days Unknown No No Active Intermolt duration expressed as experimental days. 33533 daily pH temp Published / External Completed Average daily pH and temperature C. pH and temp were averaged from readings from 3 inserts per treatment (tub). Loaded by FGDC Metadata Uploader, batch 9049, 07-27-2016 12:58 Average daily pH and temperature C. pH and temp were averaged from readings from 3 inserts per treatment (tub). Date Unknown No No Active Day the data were recorded. Treatment pH Unknown No No Active The treatment pH which was either ambient or pH 7.8. Treatment temp C Unknown No No Active The treatment temperature in degree C. The temperatures were ambient, ambient +2 degrees C, and ambient +4 degrees C. Tub Unknown No No Active Tub that the crab was in. There were 6 tubs in total. Each tub was a different treatment. pH Unknown No No Active Averaged pH (free scale) from 3 inserts per treatment. Temp C Unknown No No Active Average temerature in C from 3 inserts per treatment. 33534 water chemistry Published / External Completed Water chemistry from samples taken from the treatment head tanks weekly. pH, temperature and salinity were recorded at the Kodiak Laboratory, total alkalinity and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) samples were poisened with mercuric chloride and analyzed at analytical laboratories. Loaded by FGDC Metadata Uploader, batch 9049, 07-27-2016 12:58 Water chemistry from samples taken from the treatment head tanks weekly. pH, temperature and salinity were recorded at the Kodiak Laboratory, total alkalinity and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) samples were poisened with mercuric chloride and analyzed at analytical laboratories. Date Unknown No No Active Day the data were recorded. Treatment pH Unknown No No Active The treatment pH which was either ambient or pH 7.8. Treatment temp C Unknown No No Active The treatment temperature in degree C. The temperatures were ambient, ambient +2 degrees C, and ambient +4 degrees C. Tub Unknown No No Active Tub that the crab was in. There were 6 tubs in total. Each tub was a different treatment. pH Unknown No No Active pH (free scale) from the treatment head tank. Temp C Unknown No No Active Temperature in C from the treatment head tanks. Salinity Unknown No No Active Salinity from the treatment head tanks. Alkalinity Unknown No No Active Total alkalinity mmol/g from the treatment head tanks. DIC Unknown No No Active Dissolved inorganic carbon mmol/g from the treatment head tanks. 33535 survival Published / External Completed Number of crab alive each experimental day by treatment. Loaded by FGDC Metadata Uploader, batch 9049, 07-27-2016 12:58 Number of crab alive each experimental day by treatment. Experimental Day Unknown No No Active Days of the experiment, 1= the first day of the experiment, 2= the second day of the experiment etc. Treatment pH Unknown No No Active The treatment pH which was either ambient or pH 7.8. Treatment temp C Unknown No No Active The treatment temperature in degree C. The temperatures were ambient, ambient +2 degrees C, and ambient +4 degrees C. Number alive Unknown No No Active The number of crab alive in a treatment on a given day of the experiment. Initial number Unknown No No Active The number of crab in each treatment at the beginning of the experiment. Data Steward 2016 Person Swiney, Katherine katherine.swiney@noaa.gov email Distributor 2016-07-27 Person Swiney, Katherine katherine.swiney@noaa.gov Originator 2016-07-27 Person Swiney, Katherine katherine.swiney@noaa.gov Originator 2016-07-27 Person Long, Chris chris.long@noaa.gov email Originator 2016-07-27 Person Foy, Robert robert.foy@noaa.gov Point of Contact 2016-07-27 Person Swiney, Katherine katherine.swiney@noaa.gov Ground Condition 170 -130 75 50 Alaskan waters Range 2012-08 2013-02 Unclassified unknown Contact Point Of Contact for data request form. User must read and fully comprehend the metadata prior to use. Applications or inferences derived from the data should be carefully considered for accuracy. Acknowledgement of NOAA/NMFS/AFSC, as the source from which these data were obtained in any publications and/or other representations of these, data is suggested. https://console.cloud.google.com/storage/browser/nmfs_odp_afsc/RACE/SAP/Swiney%3B%20Effects%20of%20ocean%20acidification%20and%20increased%20temperatures%20on%20juvenile%20red%20king%20crab Note: Dataset migrated by Dan Woodrich (AFSC data management coordinator) on 12/16/2021. Contact: Daniel.woodrich@noaa.gov Excel Some of the carapaces were broken or damaged so all measurements could not be taken on them. Data was checked for outliers which were removed. Data was checked for outliers which were removed. No Unknown No No yes unknown No delay NCEI-MD Unknown IT Security and Contingency Plan for the system establishes procedures and applies to the functions, operations, and resources necessary to recover and restore data as hosted in the Western Regional Support Center in Seattle, Washington, following a disruption. 1 Seawater was acidified using the same methods described in Long et al. (2013a). Briefly, sand filtered seawater was pumped into the Alaska Fisheries Science Center’s Kodiak Laboratory seawater facility from 15 and 26 m depth intakes in Trident Basin. A tank of pH 5.5 was established by bubbling CO2 into ambient seawater. This pH 5.5 water was mixed with ambient seawater in the treatment head tanks via peristaltic pumps controlled by Honeywell controllers and Durafet III pH probes. The ambient head tank did not receive any pH 5.5 water. Waters from the treatment head tanks were then supplied to the treatment tubs. To heat the water, a 200W submersible heater was placed in each heated treatment tub. In the coldest months of the experiment, a 100W heater was added to the warmest treatments to maintain the correct temperatures. Temperature and pHF (free scale) were measured daily from three random inserts in each treatment tub (see below for experimental set-up details) using a Durafet III pH probe calibrated with a TRIS buffer, and when the pH deviated from the target pH by more than ±0.02 pH units, the Honeywell controller set points were adjusted to bring the pH back to the target value. Heater set points were changed manually based upon ambient temperature for each day to maintain target treatment temperatures. 2 Weekly water samples from the treatment head tanks were taken, fixed with mercuric chloride, and sent to an analytic laboratory for dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and total alkalinity (TA) analysis. Two laboratories which used similar, but slightly different, instruments were used during the course of the study. At the first laboratory, DIC was determined using a CM5014 Coulometer with a CM5130 Acidification Module (UIC Inc., Joliet, IL) using Certified Reference Material from the Dickson Laboratory (Scripps Institute, San Diego, CA) (Dickson et al., 2007). The TA was measured via open cell titration according to the procedure in Dickson et al. (2007). At the second laboratory, DIC and TA were determined using a VINDTA 3C (Marianda, Kiel, Germany) coupled to a 5012 Coulometer (UIC Inc., Joliet, IL) using Certified Reference Material from the Dickson Laboratory (Scripps Institute, San Diego, CA) and the procedures in DOE (1994). Laboratory Study Ethical approval for this research was not required by any federal, state, or international laws because the study was conducted on invertebrates which are not covered under these laws. 3 Young-of-the-year were reared in the Kodiak Laboratory from an ovigerous female collected in Bristol Bay, Alaska, June 2011 and shipped live to the laboratory. Thirty young-of-the-year crab were randomly assigned to each of 6 treatments: 1) ambient pH, ambient temperature, 2) ambient pH, ambient +2ºC, 3) ambient pH, ambient +4ºC, 4) pH 7.8, ambient temperature, 5) pH 7.8, ambient +2ºC, and 6) pH 7.8, ambient +4ºC. Each treatment was contained in a 53 (L) x 38 (W) x 23 (H) cm tub. Each tub had a flow rate of 600 mL min-1 from the head tank. The young-of-the-year were reared in individual inserts constructed from 40 mm inner diameter PVC pipe with 750 µm mesh attached to the bottom and the inserts were placed inside the treatment tub. The area of this insert was determined to be optimal for individual rearing of juvenile red king crab of the size used in this study (Swiney et al., 2013b). Inserts were placed on plastic grating to raise them off the bottom of the tub. Water was delivered into each insert from above via a submersible pump connected to a manifold which recirculated water within each tub. A temperature logger that recorded data every 30 minutes was placed into each tub. To acclimate the crab to the treatment temperatures, each day the temperature in the tubs was increased by 1ºC until the desired temperature was obtained. Day 1 of the experiment (August 5, 2012) was marked when all of the treatments reached the correct temperature; the experiment ran for 184 d. 4 Throughout the duration of the experiment, crab were fed a gel diet of Gelly Belly (Florida Aqua Farms, Inc., Dade City, FL, USA) enhanced with Cyclop-eeze powder (Argent Laboratories, Redmond, WA, USA), pollock bone powder (US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Kodiak, AK, USA), and astaxanthin (Daly et al., 2012). Crab were fed to excess 3 times per week and old food was removed prior to each feeding. Each insert was checked daily for exuvia and mortalities which were removed for growth and morphometric analysis. Carapaces were carefully removed from all exuvia and mortalities and photographed under a dissecting microscope. Carapace width, carapace length, rostrum base width, orbital spine width, and the first spine length (Figure 1) were measured in mm using Image Pro Plus v. 6.00.260 imaging software (Media Cybernetics, Inc., Bethesda, MD, USA, Long et al., 2013b). 33530 Entity 33533 Entity 33531 Entity 33532 Entity 33535 Entity 33534 Entity gov.noaa.nmfs.inport:33529 Claire Armistead 2016-07-27T12:58:57 SysAdmin InPortAdmin 2025-05-15T19:15:53 2016-07-28 Alaska Fisheries Science Center AFSC 7600 Sand Point Way N.E., Building 4 Seattle WA 98115 USA https://www.afsc.noaa.gov 0700-1700 Pacific Time 1001 Public No No 2016-07-28 1 Year 2017-07-28 none red king crab Kingdom Animalia Genus Paralithodes Species camtschaticus red king crab carapace measurements carapace measurements of molts and dead crab Producer defined Date of molt or dead Date that a crab molted or died Producer defined Tub Tub that the crab was in. There were 6 tubs in total. Each tub was a different treatment. Producer defined Insert # The specific insert a crab was in within a tub. Producer defined Treatment pH The treatment pH which was either ambient or pH 7.8. Producer defined Treatment temp C The treatment temperature in degree C. The temperatures were ambient, ambient +2 degrees C, and ambient +4 degrees C. Producer defined Event Either the molt number (1st molt, 2nd molt, etc.) day that the crab died, or the end of the experiment. Producer defined Carapace width (mm) Carapace width in mm. Producer defined Carapace Length (mm) Carapace length in mm. Producer defined Rostrum Base Width (mm) The rostrum base width in mm. Producer defined Orbital Spine Width (mm) The orbital spine width in mm. Producer defined 1st Spine Length (mm) The length of the first spine in mm. Producer defined growth Growth after each molt experessed as size (carapace length) and percent increase in size. Producer defined Tub Tub that the crab was in. There were 6 tubs in total. Each tub was a different treatment. Producer defined Insert # The specific insert a crab was in within a tub. Producer defined Treatment pH The treatment pH which was either ambient or pH 7.8. Producer defined Treatment temp C The treatment temperature in degree C. The temperatures were ambient, ambient +2 degrees C, and ambient +4 degrees C. Producer defined Initial CL mm Carapace length in mm at the beginning of the experiment. Producer defined CL1 mm Carapace length in mm after the 1st molt. Producer defined CL 2 mm Carapace length in mm after the 2nd molt. Producer defined CL 3 mm Carapace length in mm after the 3rd molt. Producer defined CL 4 mm Carapace length in mm after the 4th molt. Producer defined CL 5 mm Carapace length in mm after the 5th molt. Producer defined End CL mm Carapace length in mm at the end of the experiment. Producer defined % increase initial & CL1 Percent increase in carapace length between the initial size and after the 1st molt. Producer defined % increase CL1 & CL2 Percent increase in carapace length between the 1st and 2nd molts. Producer defined % increase CL2 & CL3 Percent increase in carapace length between the 2nd and 3rd molts. Producer defined % increase CL3 & CL4 Percent increase in carapace length between the 3rd and 4th molts. Producer defined % increase CL4 & CL5 Percent increase in carapace length between the 4th and 5th molts. producer defined intermolt duration The amount of time between molting events defined as degree days and experimental days. Producer defined Treatment pH The treatment pH which was either ambient or pH 7.8. Producer defined Treatment temp C The treatment temperature in degree C. The temperatures were ambient, ambient +2 degrees C, and ambient +4 degrees C. Producer defined Intermolt Either the first or second intermolt duration. Producer defined Degree Days Intermolt duration expressed as degree days. Developmental degree days were calculated as the sum of the average daily temperatures. Producer defined Experimental Days Intermolt duration expressed as experimental days. Producer defined daily pH temp Average daily pH and temperature C. pH and temp were averaged from readings from 3 inserts per treatment (tub). Producer defined Date Day the data were recorded. Producer defined Treatment pH The treatment pH which was either ambient or pH 7.8. Producer defined Treatment temp C The treatment temperature in degree C. The temperatures were ambient, ambient +2 degrees C, and ambient +4 degrees C. Producer defined Tub Tub that the crab was in. There were 6 tubs in total. Each tub was a different treatment. Producer defined pH Averaged pH (free scale) from 3 inserts per treatment. Producer defined Temp C Average temerature in C from 3 inserts per treatment. Producer defined water chemistry Water chemistry from samples taken from the treatment head tanks weekly. pH, temperature and salinity were recorded at the Kodiak Laboratory, total alkalinity and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) samples were poisened with mercuric chloride and analyzed at analytical laboratories. Producer defined Date Day the data were recorded. Producer defined Treatment pH The treatment pH which was either ambient or pH 7.8. Producer defined Treatment temp C The treatment temperature in degree C. The temperatures were ambient, ambient +2 degrees C, and ambient +4 degrees C. Producer defined Tub Tub that the crab was in. There were 6 tubs in total. Each tub was a different treatment. Producer defined pH pH (free scale) from the treatment head tank. Producer defined Temp C Temperature in C from the treatment head tanks. Producer defined Salinity Salinity from the treatment head tanks. Producer defined Alkalinity Total alkalinity mmol/g from the treatment head tanks. Producer defined DIC Dissolved inorganic carbon mmol/g from the treatment head tanks. Producer defined survival Number of crab alive each experimental day by treatment. Producer defined Experimental Day Days of the experiment, 1= the first day of the experiment, 2= the second day of the experiment etc. Producer defined Treatment pH The treatment pH which was either ambient or pH 7.8. Producer defined Treatment temp C The treatment temperature in degree C. The temperatures were ambient, ambient +2 degrees C, and ambient +4 degrees C. Producer defined Number alive The number of crab alive in a treatment on a given day of the experiment. Producer defined Initial number The number of crab in each treatment at the beginning of the experiment. Produer defined