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                 source="https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov">
   <item-identification>
      <catalog-item-id>33579</catalog-item-id>
      <title>Scleractinian Coral Cover Maps Derived from Classified in situ Seafloor Imagery for Select U.S. Locations in the Pacific from 2001 to 2015</title>
      <short-name>TOAD Coral Cover Maps</short-name>
      <catalog-item-type>Data Set</catalog-item-type>
      <metadata-workflow-state ccs-id="9">Published / External</metadata-workflow-state>
      <parent-catalog-item-id>12596</parent-catalog-item-id>
      <parent-title>Optical Validation</parent-title>
      <parent-catalog-item-type>Project</parent-catalog-item-type>
      <status>Completed</status>
      <publication-date>2017</publication-date>
      <abstract>Coral cover maps depict percentage of scleractinian (hard) coral cover along survey tracks, overlain on existing bathymetric grids and/or satellite images, for islands and banks across the U.S. Pacific Islands Region. The coral cover data is derived from the classification of in situ seafloor imagery collected from NOAA Coral Reef Ecosystem Program (CREP) optical validation surveys from 2001 to 2015. Each point on the map represents data from a single video frame or photo that has been analyzed using a point count method, and the imagery is classified by the type of substrate type (sand, rubble, etc.) and biological cover type (coral, macroalgae, etc.). All available cover data derived from geolocated seafloor imagery that has been collected and analyzed by CREP within the U.S. coral reef ecosystems of the Pacific is included in the maps; in some cases cover data derived from imagery collected by partners and analyzed by CREP may be included as well.

Coral cover maps for each location are available via the Pacific Islands Benthic Habitat Mapping Center (PIBHMC) website at www.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc. In addition, the associated data and information about the data sources and collection methods are included in a zip file with each of the maps. </abstract>
      <purpose>Prepared by the NOAA Coral Reef Ecosystem Program (CREP) and funded by the NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program (CRCP), the data were derived in support of CRCP goals to map all U.S. Coral Reef Ecosystems by developing high-resolution benthic maps to characterize priority reefs and associated habitats. The maps described herein depict the percent cover of all scleractinian coral species and may be suitable for many applications such as essential fish habitat characterization, management of corals listed under the Endangered Species Act, and for the study of geologic features.  These data can be combined with bathymetry, backscatter, and other derivative datasets to compose benthic habitat maps that can be used to understand and predict benthic habitats for different organisms that inhabit coral reef ecosystems.

These maps were made possible with funding from the NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program (CRCP). Additional support was received from the NOAA Habitat Blueprint for the maps of the West Hawaii Focus Area.</purpose>
      <supplemental-information>The source optical data collected by NOAA CREP are documented and hosted separately on the PIBHMC website at www.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc, and are also included in the zip files for each location available in the downloads section.</supplemental-information>
   </item-identification>
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      <keyword controlled="Yes">
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         <thesaurus>ISO 19115 Topic Category</thesaurus>
         <keyword>biota</keyword>
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      <keyword controlled="Yes">
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         <thesaurus>ISO 19115 Topic Category</thesaurus>
         <keyword>oceans</keyword>
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         <keyword-type>Theme</keyword-type>
         <thesaurus>CRCP Project</thesaurus>
         <keyword>467</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Theme</keyword-type>
         <thesaurus>CRCP Project</thesaurus>
         <keyword>Mapping and EcoSpatial Information Products to support Coral Reef Ecosystem Management in the Pacific Islands Region</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Theme</keyword-type>
         <thesaurus>CoRIS Discovery Thesaurus</thesaurus>
         <keyword>Map Images &gt; Habitats</keyword>
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      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Theme</keyword-type>
         <thesaurus>CoRIS Theme Thesaurus</thesaurus>
         <keyword>EARTH SCIENCE &gt; Biosphere &gt; Aquatic Habitat &gt; Benthic Habitat</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Theme</keyword-type>
         <thesaurus>CoRIS Theme Thesaurus</thesaurus>
         <keyword>EARTH SCIENCE &gt; Biosphere &gt; Aquatic Habitat &gt; Reef Habitat</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Theme</keyword-type>
         <thesaurus>CoRIS Theme Thesaurus</thesaurus>
         <keyword>EARTH SCIENCE &gt; Biosphere &gt; Zoology &gt; Corals &gt; Reef Monitoring and Assessment &gt; Mapping &gt; Habitat Mapping</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Theme</keyword-type>
         <thesaurus>CoRIS Theme Thesaurus</thesaurus>
         <keyword>EARTH SCIENCE &gt; Biosphere &gt; Zoology &gt; Corals &gt; Reef monitoring and assessment &gt; Mapping</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Theme</keyword-type>
         <thesaurus>CoRIS Theme Thesaurus</thesaurus>
         <keyword>EARTH SCIENCE &gt; Biosphere &gt; Zoology &gt; Corals &gt; Scleractinia (stony corals)</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Theme</keyword-type>
         <thesaurus>CoRIS Theme Thesaurus</thesaurus>
         <keyword>EARTH SCIENCE &gt; Oceans &gt; Coastal Processes &gt; Coral Reefs</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Theme</keyword-type>
         <thesaurus>CoRIS Theme Thesaurus</thesaurus>
         <keyword>EARTH SCIENCE &gt; Oceans &gt; Coastal Processes &gt; Coral Reefs &gt; Coral Reef Ecology</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Theme</keyword-type>
         <thesaurus>CoRIS Theme Thesaurus</thesaurus>
         <keyword>EARTH SCIENCE &gt; Oceans &gt; Coastal Processes &gt; Coral Reefs &gt; Coral Reef Ecology &gt; Benthic biology</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Theme</keyword-type>
         <thesaurus>CoRIS Theme Thesaurus</thesaurus>
         <keyword>EARTH SCIENCE &gt; Oceans &gt; Coastal Processes &gt; Coral Reefs &gt; Coral Reef Ecology &gt; Coral Cover</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Theme</keyword-type>
         <thesaurus>CoRIS Theme Thesaurus</thesaurus>
         <keyword>EARTH SCIENCE &gt; Oceans &gt; Coastal Processes &gt; Coral Reefs &gt; Coral Reef Ecology &gt; Habitats</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Theme</keyword-type>
         <thesaurus>CoRIS Theme Thesaurus</thesaurus>
         <keyword>EARTH SCIENCE &gt; Oceans &gt; Coastal Processes &gt; Coral Reefs &gt; Coral Reef Ecology &gt; Hard Coral Cover</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Theme</keyword-type>
         <thesaurus>CoRIS Theme Thesaurus</thesaurus>
         <keyword>EARTH SCIENCE &gt; Oceans &gt; Marine Biology &gt; Coral</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Theme</keyword-type>
         <thesaurus>NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS</thesaurus>
         <keyword>REEF AND/OR BOTTOM REGIME - PERCENT COVER</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Theme</keyword-type>
         <thesaurus>NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS</thesaurus>
         <keyword>GIS product</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Theme</keyword-type>
         <thesaurus>NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS</thesaurus>
         <keyword>benthic</keyword>
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      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Theme</keyword-type>
         <thesaurus>NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS</thesaurus>
         <keyword>derived products</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Theme</keyword-type>
         <thesaurus>NODC PROJECT NAMES THESAURUS</thesaurus>
         <keyword>Coral Reef Conservation Program</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Theme</keyword-type>
         <thesaurus>NODC SUBMITTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS</thesaurus>
         <keyword>US DOC; NOAA; NMFS; Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center; Ecosystem Sciences Division; Coral Reef Ecosystem Program</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Theme</keyword-type>
         <keyword>CRED</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Theme</keyword-type>
         <keyword>CREP</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Theme</keyword-type>
         <keyword>Coral Reef Ecosystem Division</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Theme</keyword-type>
         <keyword>Coral Reef Ecosystem Program</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Theme</keyword-type>
         <keyword>PIFSC</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Theme</keyword-type>
         <keyword>Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Theme</keyword-type>
         <keyword>scleractinian coral </keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Spatial</keyword-type>
         <thesaurus>CoRIS Place Thesaurus</thesaurus>
         <keyword>COUNTRY/TERRITORY &gt; Northern Mariana Islands &gt; Northern Mariana Islands &gt; Northern Mariana Islands ( CNMI ) (18N146E0000)</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Spatial</keyword-type>
         <thesaurus>CoRIS Place Thesaurus</thesaurus>
         <keyword>COUNTRY/TERRITORY &gt; United States of America &gt; American Samoa &gt; American Samoa &gt; American Samoa (14S170W0000)</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Spatial</keyword-type>
         <thesaurus>CoRIS Place Thesaurus</thesaurus>
         <keyword>COUNTRY/TERRITORY &gt; United States of America &gt; Guam &gt; Guam (13N144E0000)</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Spatial</keyword-type>
         <thesaurus>CoRIS Place Thesaurus</thesaurus>
         <keyword>COUNTRY/TERRITORY &gt; United States of America &gt; Hawaii &gt; Honolulu &gt; Northwestern Hawaiian Islands (28N178W0000)</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Spatial</keyword-type>
         <thesaurus>CoRIS Place Thesaurus</thesaurus>
         <keyword>COUNTRY/TERRITORY &gt; United States of America &gt; Hawaiian Islands (21N157W0027)</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Spatial</keyword-type>
         <thesaurus>CoRIS Place Thesaurus</thesaurus>
         <keyword>COUNTRY/TERRITORY &gt; United States of America &gt; USA Minor Outlying Islands &gt; Baker Island (00N176W0001)</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Spatial</keyword-type>
         <thesaurus>CoRIS Place Thesaurus</thesaurus>
         <keyword>COUNTRY/TERRITORY &gt; United States of America &gt; USA Minor Outlying Islands &gt; Howland Island (00S176W0001)</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Spatial</keyword-type>
         <thesaurus>CoRIS Place Thesaurus</thesaurus>
         <keyword>COUNTRY/TERRITORY &gt; United States of America &gt; USA Minor Outlying Islands &gt; Johnston Atoll (16N169W0001)</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Spatial</keyword-type>
         <thesaurus>CoRIS Place Thesaurus</thesaurus>
         <keyword>COUNTRY/TERRITORY &gt; United States of America &gt; USA Minor Outlying Islands &gt; Palmyra Atoll (05N162W0001)</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Spatial</keyword-type>
         <thesaurus>CoRIS Place Thesaurus</thesaurus>
         <keyword>OCEAN BASIN &gt; Pacific Ocean &gt; American Samoa &gt; American Samoa (14S170W0000)</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Spatial</keyword-type>
         <thesaurus>CoRIS Place Thesaurus</thesaurus>
         <keyword>OCEAN BASIN &gt; Pacific Ocean &gt; Central Pacific Ocean &gt; Baker Island &gt; Baker Island (00N176W0001)</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Spatial</keyword-type>
         <thesaurus>CoRIS Place Thesaurus</thesaurus>
         <keyword>OCEAN BASIN &gt; Pacific Ocean &gt; Central Pacific Ocean &gt; Hawaiian Islands (21N157W0027)</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Spatial</keyword-type>
         <thesaurus>CoRIS Place Thesaurus</thesaurus>
         <keyword>OCEAN BASIN &gt; Pacific Ocean &gt; Central Pacific Ocean &gt; Howland Island &gt; Howland Island (00S176W0001)</keyword>
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      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Spatial</keyword-type>
         <thesaurus>CoRIS Place Thesaurus</thesaurus>
         <keyword>OCEAN BASIN &gt; Pacific Ocean &gt; Central Pacific Ocean &gt; Johnston Atoll &gt; Johnston Atoll (16N169W0001)</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Spatial</keyword-type>
         <thesaurus>CoRIS Place Thesaurus</thesaurus>
         <keyword>OCEAN BASIN &gt; Pacific Ocean &gt; Central Pacific Ocean &gt; Line Islands &gt; Palmyra Atoll (05N162W0001)</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Spatial</keyword-type>
         <thesaurus>CoRIS Place Thesaurus</thesaurus>
         <keyword>OCEAN BASIN &gt; Pacific Ocean &gt; Central Pacific Ocean &gt; Northwestern Hawaiian Islands (28N178W0000)</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Spatial</keyword-type>
         <thesaurus>CoRIS Place Thesaurus</thesaurus>
         <keyword>OCEAN BASIN &gt; Pacific Ocean &gt; Western Pacific Ocean &gt; Guam &gt; Guam (13N144E0000)</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Spatial</keyword-type>
         <thesaurus>CoRIS Place Thesaurus</thesaurus>
         <keyword>OCEAN BASIN &gt; Pacific Ocean &gt; Western Pacific Ocean &gt; Mariana Archipelago &gt; Northern Mariana Islands ( CNMI ) (18N146E0000)</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Spatial</keyword-type>
         <thesaurus>NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS</thesaurus>
         <keyword>Equatorial Pacific Ocean</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Spatial</keyword-type>
         <thesaurus>NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS</thesaurus>
         <keyword>Marianas Trench Marine National Monument</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Spatial</keyword-type>
         <thesaurus>NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS</thesaurus>
         <keyword>NW Pacific</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Spatial</keyword-type>
         <thesaurus>NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS</thesaurus>
         <keyword>North Pacific Ocean</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Spatial</keyword-type>
         <thesaurus>NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS</thesaurus>
         <keyword>Pacific Remote Islands Marine National Monument</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Spatial</keyword-type>
         <thesaurus>NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS</thesaurus>
         <keyword>Papahanaumokuakea Marine National Monument</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Spatial</keyword-type>
         <thesaurus>NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS</thesaurus>
         <keyword>South Pacific Ocean</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Spatial</keyword-type>
         <keyword>CNMI</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Spatial</keyword-type>
         <keyword>Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands </keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Spatial</keyword-type>
         <keyword>Hawaiian Archipelago</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Spatial</keyword-type>
         <keyword>MHI</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Spatial</keyword-type>
         <keyword>Main Hawaiian Islands</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Spatial</keyword-type>
         <keyword>Mariana Archipelago</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Spatial</keyword-type>
         <keyword>Mariana Islands</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Spatial</keyword-type>
         <keyword>Marianas</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Spatial</keyword-type>
         <keyword>NWHI</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Spatial</keyword-type>
         <keyword>Northwestern Hawaiian Islands</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Spatial</keyword-type>
         <keyword>PRIA</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Spatial</keyword-type>
         <keyword>Pacific Remote Island Areas </keyword>
      </keyword>
   </keywords>
   <physical-location>
      <organization>Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center</organization>
      <city>Honolulu</city>
      <state-province>HI</state-province>
      <country>USA</country>
   </physical-location>
   <data-set-information>
      <data-set-scope-code>Data Set</data-set-scope-code>
      <data-set-type>Maps (PDFs and JPGs)</data-set-type>
      <maintenance-frequency>None Planned</maintenance-frequency>
      <data-presentation-form>Map (digital)</data-presentation-form>
      <entity-attribute-overview>Coral cover maps depict percentage of scleractinian (hard) coral cover along survey tracks. Each point on the map represents data from a single video frame or photo that has been analyzed using a point count method, and the imagery is classified by the type of substrate type (sand, rubble, etc.) and biological cover type (coral, macroalgae, etc.). In most cases, only coral cover is presented in the maps, though occasionally other substrates such as sand are included in the maps as well (specifically, West Hawaii and West Maui include percent cover of coral and sand).</entity-attribute-overview>
      <distribution-liability>While every effort has been made to ensure that these data are accurate and reliable within the limits of the current state of the art, NOAA cannot assume liability for any damages caused by errors or omissions in the data, nor as a result of the failure of the data to function on a particular system. NOAA makes no warranty, expressed or implied, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty.</distribution-liability>
      <data-set-credit>PIFSC Coral Reef Ecosystem Program and funded by the NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program (and the NOAA Habitat Blueprint for West Hawaii)</data-set-credit>
      <instrument>Not Applicable</instrument>
      <platform>Not Applicable</platform>
      <physical-collection-fishing-gear>Not Applicable</physical-collection-fishing-gear>
   </data-set-information>
   <entity-attribute-information partial-listing="No" total-count="0"/>
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         <from-date>2013</from-date>
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         <contact-name>Suka, Rhonda</contact-name>
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         <contact-address>1845 Wasp Blvd.</contact-address>
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         <from-date>2025-11-11</from-date>
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         <support-role-type>Metadata Contact</support-role-type>
         <from-date>2010</from-date>
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         <contact-name>DesRochers, Annette M</contact-name>
         <contact-email>annette.desrochers@noaa.gov</contact-email>
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         <contact-address-city>Honolulu</contact-address-city>
         <contact-address-state>HI</contact-address-state>
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         <contact-business-hours>8 am - 5 pm</contact-business-hours>
         <contact-instructions>Email preferred</contact-instructions>
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         <support-role-type>Originator</support-role-type>
         <from-date>2001</from-date>
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         <contact-address>1305 East West Highway 10th Floor</contact-address>
         <contact-address-city>Silver Spring</contact-address-city>
         <contact-address-state>MD</contact-address-state>
         <contact-address-zip>20910-3281</contact-address-zip>
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         <contact-url-function>Online Resource</contact-url-function>
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         <contact-name>Akridge, Michael W</contact-name>
         <contact-email>michael.akridge@noaa.gov</contact-email>
         <contact-address>1845 Wasp Blvd.</contact-address>
         <contact-address-city>Honolulu</contact-address-city>
         <contact-address-state>HI</contact-address-state>
         <contact-address-zip>96818</contact-address-zip>
         <contact-address-country>USA</contact-address-country>
         <contact-phone-number>(808)725-5483</contact-phone-number>
      </support-role>
      <support-role cc-id="345057" in-effect="Yes">
         <support-role-type>Point of Contact</support-role-type>
         <from-date>2016</from-date>
         <contact-type>Person</contact-type>
         <contact-name>DesRochers, Annette M</contact-name>
         <contact-email>annette.desrochers@noaa.gov</contact-email>
         <contact-address>1845 Wasp Blvd.</contact-address>
         <contact-address-city>Honolulu</contact-address-city>
         <contact-address-state>HI</contact-address-state>
         <contact-address-zip>96818</contact-address-zip>
         <contact-address-country>USA</contact-address-country>
         <contact-phone-number>(808)725-5461</contact-phone-number>
         <contact-business-hours>8 am - 5 pm</contact-business-hours>
         <contact-instructions>Email preferred</contact-instructions>
      </support-role>
   </support-roles>
   <extents>
      <currentness-reference>Ground Condition</currentness-reference>
      <extent cc-id="345066">
         <description>Mariana Archipelago including Guam, Saipan, Anatahan, Agrihan, Tinian &amp; Aguijan, Alamagan, Arakane Reef, Pathfinder Reef, Santa Rosa Reef, Singray Shoals, Eleven mile Bank, Esmeralda Bank, Galvez Bank, Zealandia Bank, Asuncion, Guguan, Maug, Pagan, Rota, Sarigan, Supply Reef, Farallon de Pajaros, and 35 Fathom Bank.</description>
         <geographic-areas>
            <geographic-area cc-id="345074">
               <west-bound>142</west-bound>
               <east-bound>146</east-bound>
               <north-bound>21</north-bound>
               <south-bound>12</south-bound>
            </geographic-area>
         </geographic-areas>
         <time-frames>
            <time-frame cc-id="361917">
               <time-frame-type>Range</time-frame-type>
               <start-date-time>2003</start-date-time>
               <end-date-time>2004</end-date-time>
               <description>Optical validation surveys</description>
            </time-frame>
            <time-frame cc-id="361918">
               <time-frame-type>Discrete</time-frame-type>
               <start-date-time>2010</start-date-time>
               <description>Optical validation surveys</description>
            </time-frame>
         </time-frames>
      </extent>
      <extent cc-id="345064">
         <description>Main Hawaiian Islands, including West Hawaii, Kauai, Oahu, Maui, Molokai and Niihau.</description>
         <geographic-areas>
            <geographic-area cc-id="345069">
               <west-bound>-160.301617</west-bound>
               <east-bound>-154.759014</east-bound>
               <north-bound>22.252043</north-bound>
               <south-bound>18.889193</south-bound>
            </geographic-area>
         </geographic-areas>
         <time-frames>
            <time-frame cc-id="361911">
               <time-frame-type>Discrete</time-frame-type>
               <start-date-time>2005</start-date-time>
               <description>Optical validation surveys</description>
            </time-frame>
            <time-frame cc-id="361912">
               <time-frame-type>Range</time-frame-type>
               <start-date-time>2007</start-date-time>
               <end-date-time>2009</end-date-time>
               <description>Optical validation surveys</description>
            </time-frame>
            <time-frame cc-id="361913">
               <time-frame-type>Discrete</time-frame-type>
               <start-date-time>2012</start-date-time>
               <description>Optical validation surveys</description>
            </time-frame>
            <time-frame cc-id="361914">
               <time-frame-type>Range</time-frame-type>
               <start-date-time>2014</start-date-time>
               <end-date-time>2015</end-date-time>
               <description>Optical validation surveys</description>
            </time-frame>
         </time-frames>
      </extent>
      <extent cc-id="345065">
         <description>Northwestern Hawaiian Islands, including French Frigate Shoals, Raita, Gardner, St. Rogatein Banks, Pearl and Hermes, Kure, and Midway Atolls, Laysan, Lisianski,  and Necker Islands, and Maro Reef.</description>
         <geographic-areas>
            <geographic-area cc-id="345073">
               <west-bound>-178.452338</west-bound>
               <east-bound>-164.687223</east-bound>
               <north-bound>28.46535</north-bound>
               <south-bound>23.574214</south-bound>
            </geographic-area>
         </geographic-areas>
         <time-frames>
            <time-frame cc-id="361915">
               <time-frame-type>Range</time-frame-type>
               <start-date-time>2001</start-date-time>
               <end-date-time>2005</end-date-time>
               <description>Optical validation surveys</description>
            </time-frame>
            <time-frame cc-id="361916">
               <time-frame-type>Discrete</time-frame-type>
               <start-date-time>2008</start-date-time>
               <description>Optical validation surveys</description>
            </time-frame>
         </time-frames>
      </extent>
      <extent cc-id="345067">
         <description>Pacific Remote Islands Marine National Monument (PRIMNM), also known as the Pacific Remote Island Areas, including Baker and Howland islands, and Johnston and Palmyra atolls.</description>
         <geographic-areas>
            <geographic-area cc-id="345075">
               <west-bound>-180</west-bound>
               <east-bound>-162</east-bound>
               <north-bound>18</north-bound>
               <south-bound>0</south-bound>
            </geographic-area>
         </geographic-areas>
         <time-frames>
            <time-frame cc-id="361919">
               <time-frame-type>Discrete</time-frame-type>
               <start-date-time>2002</start-date-time>
               <description>Optical validation surveys</description>
            </time-frame>
            <time-frame cc-id="361920">
               <time-frame-type>Discrete</time-frame-type>
               <start-date-time>2004</start-date-time>
               <description>Optical validation surveys</description>
            </time-frame>
         </time-frames>
      </extent>
      <extent cc-id="345068">
         <description>American Samoa including Tutuila and the Manu'a (Ofo, Olosega, and Ta'u) Islands.</description>
         <geographic-areas>
            <geographic-area cc-id="345076">
               <west-bound>-171</west-bound>
               <east-bound>-169</east-bound>
               <north-bound>-14</north-bound>
               <south-bound>-15</south-bound>
            </geographic-area>
         </geographic-areas>
         <time-frames>
            <time-frame cc-id="361921">
               <time-frame-type>Discrete</time-frame-type>
               <start-date-time>2002</start-date-time>
               <description>Optical validation surveys</description>
            </time-frame>
            <time-frame cc-id="361922">
               <time-frame-type>Discrete</time-frame-type>
               <start-date-time>2004</start-date-time>
               <description>Optical validation surveys</description>
            </time-frame>
            <time-frame cc-id="361923">
               <time-frame-type>Discrete</time-frame-type>
               <start-date-time>2006</start-date-time>
               <description>Optical validation surveys</description>
            </time-frame>
            <time-frame cc-id="361924">
               <time-frame-type>Discrete</time-frame-type>
               <start-date-time>2008</start-date-time>
               <description>Optical validation surveys</description>
            </time-frame>
            <time-frame cc-id="361925">
               <time-frame-type>Discrete</time-frame-type>
               <start-date-time>2012</start-date-time>
               <description>Optical validation surveys</description>
            </time-frame>
         </time-frames>
      </extent>
   </extents>
   <access-information>
      <security-class>Unclassified</security-class>
      <security-classification-system>Not applicable</security-classification-system>
      <security-handling-description>Not applicable</security-handling-description>
      <data-access-policy>NOAA Coral Reef Ecosystem Program (CREP) Data Sharing Recommendations, version 9.0 updated August 12, 2015:

CREP welcomes the opportunity to collaborate on research issues contributing to the scientific basis for better management of marine ecosystems. CREP has a very diverse set of field activities that generates large volumes of data using an array of data collection protocols.

The following recommendations are for your consideration as you use this data:
1) Data analyses should take all field exigencies into account. The most effective way to do this would be active collaboration with CREP principal investigators.
2) In all presentations, product releases, or publications using data generated by CREP, proper acknowledgement of both CREP and the individuals responsible for data collection is expected. Citing the DOI (if available) is preferred, a non-DOI example is listed below.
3) If you collect or generate data for the same study areas, CREP requests that you share relevant information on complimentary data collections.
4) Those receiving data are strongly urged to inform the CREP Data Management Team of any errors and discrepancies that are discovered during the course of using these data. They are further urged to bring to the attention of the Team all problems and difficulties encountered in using these data. This information is necessary in order to improve the collections and to facilitate more efficient and economical data processing and retrieval. The users are asked to supply copies of any missing data that may be located, and to provide information as to significant subsets and special aggregations of data that are developed in using the material provided.

Example citation:
"This publication makes use of data products provided by the Coral Reef Ecosystem Program (CREP), Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), with funding support from the NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program (CRCP). The analysis and interpretations presented here are solely that of the current authors.”</data-access-policy>
      <data-access-procedure>Data can be accessed online via the Pacific Islands Benthic Habitat Mapping Center website at http://www.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/.</data-access-procedure>
      <data-access-constraints>None</data-access-constraints>
      <data-use-constraints>These data are not to be used for navigation purposes.

Please cite NOAA Coral Reef Ecosystem Program (CREP) when using the data.

Suggested citation:

Coral Reef Ecosystem Program; Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (2017). Scleractinian Coral Cover Derived from Seafloor Imagery for Selected U.S. Locations in the Pacific since 2001. Pacific Islands Benthic Habitat Mapping Center, https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/33579. [access date]</data-use-constraints>
      <metadata-access-constraints>None</metadata-access-constraints>
      <metadata-use-constraints>None</metadata-use-constraints>
   </access-information>
   <distribution-information>
      <distribution cc-id="362408">
         <download-url>ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/amsamoa/optical/ofu/ofu_toad_all.zip</download-url>
         <file-name>ofu_toad_all.zip</file-name>
         <description>Ofu and Olosega Optical Validation, Coral Cover Maps, including NOAA CREP coral cover data. Zip file contains JPG and PDF files of maps, shapefiles of source data, and metadata (txt files).</description>
         <!--Note: file-type is deprecated-->
         <file-type>Zip</file-type>
         <compression>Zip</compression>
      </distribution>
      <distribution cc-id="362409">
         <download-url>ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/amsamoa/optical/tau/tau_toad_all.zip</download-url>
         <file-name>tau_toad_all.zip</file-name>
         <description>Ta‘u Optical Validation, Coral Cover Maps, including NOAA CREP coral cover data. Zip file contains JPG and PDF files of maps, shapefiles of source data, and metadata (txt files).</description>
         <!--Note: file-type is deprecated-->
         <file-type>Zip</file-type>
         <compression>Zip</compression>
      </distribution>
      <distribution cc-id="362410">
         <download-url>ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/amsamoa/optical/tutuila/tut_toad_all.zip</download-url>
         <file-name>tut_toad_all.zip</file-name>
         <description>Tutuila Optical Validation, Coral Cover Maps, including NOAA CREP coral cover data (TOAD and towed diver). Zip file contains JPG and PDF files of maps, shapefiles of source data, and metadata (txt files).</description>
         <!--Note: file-type is deprecated-->
         <file-type>Zip</file-type>
         <compression>Zip</compression>
      </distribution>
      <distribution cc-id="362394">
         <download-url>ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/cnmi-guam/optical/agrihan/agr_toad_0307oes.zip</download-url>
         <file-name>agr_toad_0307oes.zip</file-name>
         <description>Agrihan Island Optical Validation, Coral Cover Maps, including NOAA CREP coral cover data. Zip file contains JPG and PDF files of maps, shapefiles of source data, and metadata (txt files).</description>
         <!--Note: file-type is deprecated-->
         <file-type>Zip</file-type>
         <compression>Zip</compression>
      </distribution>
      <distribution cc-id="362387">
         <download-url>ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/cnmi-guam/optical/aguijan/agu_toad_0307oes.zip</download-url>
         <file-name>agu_toad_0307oes.zip</file-name>
         <description>Agujian Island Optical Validation, Coral Cover Maps, including NOAA CREP coral cover data. Zip file contains JPG and PDF files of maps, shapefiles of source data, and metadata (txt files).</description>
         <!--Note: file-type is deprecated-->
         <file-type>Zip</file-type>
         <compression>Zip</compression>
      </distribution>
      <distribution cc-id="362392">
         <download-url>ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/cnmi-guam/optical/alamagan/ala_toad_0307oes.zip</download-url>
         <file-name>ala_toad_0307oes.zip</file-name>
         <description>Alamagan Island Optical Validation, Coral Cover Maps, including NOAA CREP coral cover data. Zip file contains JPG and PDF files of maps, shapefiles of source data, and metadata (txt files).</description>
         <!--Note: file-type is deprecated-->
         <file-type>Zip</file-type>
         <compression>Zip</compression>
      </distribution>
      <distribution cc-id="362388">
         <download-url>ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/cnmi-guam/optical/anatahan/ana_toad_0307oes.zip</download-url>
         <file-name>ana_toad_0307oes.zip</file-name>
         <description>Anatahan Island Optical Validation, Coral Cover Maps, including NOAA CREP coral cover data. Zip file contains JPG and PDF files of maps, shapefiles of source data, and metadata (txt files).</description>
         <!--Note: file-type is deprecated-->
         <file-type>Zip</file-type>
         <compression>Zip</compression>
      </distribution>
      <distribution cc-id="362404">
         <download-url>ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/cnmi-guam/optical/arakane/ara_toad_0307oes.zip</download-url>
         <file-name>ara_toad_0307oes.zip</file-name>
         <description>Arakane Reef Optical Validation, Coral Cover Maps, including NOAA CREP coral cover data. Zip file contains JPG and PDF files of maps, shapefiles of source data, and metadata (txt files).</description>
         <!--Note: file-type is deprecated-->
         <file-type>Zip</file-type>
         <compression>Zip</compression>
      </distribution>
      <distribution cc-id="362395">
         <download-url>ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/cnmi-guam/optical/asuncion/asu_toad_0307oes.zip</download-url>
         <file-name>asu_toad_0307oes.zip</file-name>
         <description>Asuncion Island Optical Validation, Coral Cover Maps, including NOAA CREP coral cover data. Zip file contains JPG and PDF files of maps, shapefiles of source data, and metadata (txt files).</description>
         <!--Note: file-type is deprecated-->
         <file-type>Zip</file-type>
         <compression>Zip</compression>
      </distribution>
      <distribution cc-id="362399">
         <download-url>ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/cnmi-guam/optical/elevenmile/ele_toad_0308oes.zip</download-url>
         <file-name>ele_toad_0308oes.zip</file-name>
         <description>Eleven Mile Bank Optical Validation, Coral Cover Maps, including NOAA CREP coral cover data. Zip file contains JPG and PDF files of maps, shapefiles of source data, and metadata (txt files).</description>
         <!--Note: file-type is deprecated-->
         <file-type>Zip</file-type>
         <compression>Zip</compression>
      </distribution>
      <distribution cc-id="362400">
         <download-url>ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/cnmi-guam/optical/esmeralda/esm_toad_0307oes.zip</download-url>
         <file-name>esm_toad_0307oes.zip</file-name>
         <description>Esmeralda Bank Optical Validation, Coral Cover Maps, including NOAA CREP coral cover data. Zip file contains JPG and PDF files of maps, shapefiles of source data, and metadata (txt files).</description>
         <!--Note: file-type is deprecated-->
         <file-type>Zip</file-type>
         <compression>Zip</compression>
      </distribution>
      <distribution cc-id="362398">
         <download-url>ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/cnmi-guam/optical/farallon_de_pajaros/fpd_toad_0307oes.zip</download-url>
         <file-name>fpd_toad_0307oes.zip</file-name>
         <description>Farallon de Pajaros Island Optical Validation, Coral Cover Maps, including NOAA CREP coral cover data. Zip file contains JPG and PDF files of maps, shapefiles of source data, and metadata (txt files).</description>
         <!--Note: file-type is deprecated-->
         <file-type>Zip</file-type>
         <compression>Zip</compression>
      </distribution>
      <distribution cc-id="362401">
         <download-url>ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/cnmi-guam/optical/galvez/gal_toad_optical_all.zip</download-url>
         <file-name>gal_toad_optical_all.zip</file-name>
         <description>Galvez Bank Optical Validation, Coral Cover Maps, including NOAA CREP coral cover data (TOAD and AUV). Zip file contains JPG and PDF files of maps, shapefiles of source data, and metadata (txt files).</description>
         <!--Note: file-type is deprecated-->
         <file-type>Zip</file-type>
         <compression>Zip</compression>
      </distribution>
      <distribution cc-id="362385">
         <download-url>ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/cnmi-guam/optical/guam/gua_toad_0308oes.zip</download-url>
         <file-name>gua_toad_0308oes.zip</file-name>
         <description>Guam Optical Validation, Coral Cover Maps, including NOAA CREP coral cover data. Zip file contains JPG and PDF files of maps, shapefiles of source data, and metadata (txt files).</description>
         <!--Note: file-type is deprecated-->
         <file-type>Zip</file-type>
         <compression>Zip</compression>
      </distribution>
      <distribution cc-id="362391">
         <download-url>ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/cnmi-guam/optical/guguan/gug_toad_0307oes.zip</download-url>
         <file-name>gug_toad_0307oes.zip</file-name>
         <description>Guguan Island Optical Validation, Coral Cover Maps, including NOAA CREP coral cover data. Zip file contains JPG and PDF files of maps, shapefiles of source data, and metadata (txt files).</description>
         <!--Note: file-type is deprecated-->
         <file-type>Zip</file-type>
         <compression>Zip</compression>
      </distribution>
      <distribution cc-id="362396">
         <download-url>ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/cnmi-guam/optical/maug/mau_toad_0307oes.zip</download-url>
         <file-name>mau_toad_0307oes.zip</file-name>
         <description>Maug Island Optical Validation, Coral Cover Maps, including NOAA CREP coral cover data. Zip file contains JPG and PDF files of maps, shapefiles of source data, and metadata (txt files).</description>
         <!--Note: file-type is deprecated-->
         <file-type>Zip</file-type>
         <compression>Zip</compression>
      </distribution>
      <distribution cc-id="362393">
         <download-url>ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/cnmi-guam/optical/pagan/pag_toad_0307oes.zip</download-url>
         <file-name>pag_toad_0307oes.zip</file-name>
         <description>Pagan Island Optical Validation, Coral Cover Maps, including NOAA CREP coral cover data. Zip file contains JPG and PDF files of maps, shapefiles of source data, and metadata (txt files).</description>
         <!--Note: file-type is deprecated-->
         <file-type>Zip</file-type>
         <compression>Zip</compression>
      </distribution>
      <distribution cc-id="362405">
         <download-url>ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/cnmi-guam/optical/pathfinder/pat_toad_0307oes.zip</download-url>
         <file-name>pat_toad_0307oes.zip</file-name>
         <description>Pathfinder Reef Optical Validation, Coral Cover Maps, including NOAA CREP coral cover data. Zip file contains JPG and PDF files of maps, shapefiles of source data, and metadata (txt files).</description>
         <!--Note: file-type is deprecated-->
         <file-type>Zip</file-type>
         <compression>Zip</compression>
      </distribution>
      <distribution cc-id="362386">
         <download-url>ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/cnmi-guam/optical/rota/rot_optical_all.zip</download-url>
         <file-name>rot_optical_all.zip</file-name>
         <description>Rota Island Optical Validation, Coral Cover Maps, including NOAA CREP coral cover data (TOAD and AUV). Zip file contains JPG and PDF files of maps, shapefiles of source data, and metadata (txt files).</description>
         <!--Note: file-type is deprecated-->
         <file-type>Zip</file-type>
         <compression>Zip</compression>
      </distribution>
      <distribution cc-id="362389">
         <download-url>ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/cnmi-guam/optical/saipan/sai_toad_all.zip</download-url>
         <file-name>sai_toad_all.zip</file-name>
         <description>Saipan Island (&amp; Marpi Bank) Optical Validation, Coral Cover Maps, including NOAA CREP coral cover data. Zip file contains JPG and PDF files of maps, shapefiles of source data, and metadata (txt files).</description>
         <!--Note: file-type is deprecated-->
         <file-type>Zip</file-type>
         <compression>Zip</compression>
      </distribution>
      <distribution cc-id="362406">
         <download-url>ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/cnmi-guam/optical/santarosa/srr_toad_0308oes.zip</download-url>
         <file-name>srr_toad_0308oes.zip</file-name>
         <description>Santa Rosa Reef Optical Validation, Coral Cover Maps, including NOAA CREP coral cover data. Zip file contains JPG and PDF files of maps, shapefiles of source data, and metadata (txt files).</description>
         <!--Note: file-type is deprecated-->
         <file-type>Zip</file-type>
         <compression>Zip</compression>
      </distribution>
      <distribution cc-id="362390">
         <download-url>ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/cnmi-guam/optical/sarigan/sar_toad_0307oes.zip</download-url>
         <file-name>sar_toad_0307oes.zip</file-name>
         <description>Sarigan Island Optical Validation, Coral Cover Maps, including NOAA CREP coral cover data. Zip file contains JPG and PDF files of maps, shapefiles of source data, and metadata (txt files).</description>
         <!--Note: file-type is deprecated-->
         <file-type>Zip</file-type>
         <compression>Zip</compression>
      </distribution>
      <distribution cc-id="362407">
         <download-url>ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/cnmi-guam/optical/stingray/sti_toad_0307oes.zip</download-url>
         <file-name>sti_toad_0307oes.zip</file-name>
         <description>Stingray Shoals Optical Validation, Coral Cover Maps, including NOAA CREP coral cover data. Zip file contains JPG and PDF files of maps, shapefiles of source data, and metadata (txt files).</description>
         <!--Note: file-type is deprecated-->
         <file-type>Zip</file-type>
         <compression>Zip</compression>
      </distribution>
      <distribution cc-id="362397">
         <download-url>ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/cnmi-guam/optical/supply/sup_toad_0307oes.zip</download-url>
         <file-name>sup_toad_0307oes.zip</file-name>
         <description>Supply Reef Optical Validation, Coral Cover Maps, including NOAA CREP coral cover data. Zip file contains JPG and PDF files of maps, shapefiles of source data, and metadata (txt files).</description>
         <!--Note: file-type is deprecated-->
         <file-type>Zip</file-type>
         <compression>Zip</compression>
      </distribution>
      <distribution cc-id="362403">
         <download-url>ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/cnmi-guam/optical/tff/tff_toad_all.zip</download-url>
         <file-name>tff_toad_all.zip</file-name>
         <description>35 Fathom Bank Optical Validation, Coral Cover Maps, including NOAA CREP coral cover data. Zip file contains JPG and PDF files of maps, shapefiles of source data, and metadata (txt files).</description>
         <!--Note: file-type is deprecated-->
         <file-type>Zip</file-type>
         <compression>Zip</compression>
      </distribution>
      <distribution cc-id="362402">
         <download-url>ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/cnmi-guam/optical/zealandia/zea_toad_0307oes.zip</download-url>
         <file-name>zea_toad_0307oes.zip</file-name>
         <description>Zealandia Bank Optical Validation, Coral Cover Maps, including NOAA CREP coral cover data. Zip file contains JPG and PDF files of maps, shapefiles of source data, and metadata (txt files).</description>
         <!--Note: file-type is deprecated-->
         <file-type>Zip</file-type>
         <compression>Zip</compression>
      </distribution>
      <distribution cc-id="361927">
         <download-url>ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/mhi/optical/hawaii/HAW_BH.zip</download-url>
         <file-name>HAW_BH.zip</file-name>
         <description>West Hawaii Optical Validation, Scleractinian Coral Cover and Sand Maps, including NOAA CREP and partner coral cover data. Zip file contains JPG and PDF files of maps.</description>
         <!--Note: file-type is deprecated-->
         <file-type>Zip</file-type>
         <compression>Zip</compression>
      </distribution>
      <distribution cc-id="361928">
         <download-url>ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/mhi/optical/hawaii/HAW_TOAD_all.zip</download-url>
         <file-name>HAW_TOAD_all.zip</file-name>
         <description>West Hawaii Optical Validation, Coral Cover Maps, including NOAA CREP coral cover data. Zip file contains JPG and PDF files of maps, shapefiles of source data, and metadata (txt files).</description>
         <!--Note: file-type is deprecated-->
         <file-type>Zip</file-type>
         <compression>Zip</compression>
      </distribution>
      <distribution cc-id="362371">
         <download-url>ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/mhi/optical/kauai/kau_toad_0505hi.zip</download-url>
         <file-name>kau_toad_0505hi.zip</file-name>
         <description>Kaua‘i Optical Validation, Coral Cover Maps, including NOAA CREP coral cover data. Zip file contains JPG and PDF files of maps, shapefiles of source data, and metadata (txt files).</description>
         <!--Note: file-type is deprecated-->
         <file-type>Zip</file-type>
         <compression>Zip</compression>
      </distribution>
      <distribution cc-id="361929">
         <download-url>ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/mhi/optical/mai/mai_bh.zip</download-url>
         <file-name>mai_bh.zip</file-name>
         <description>West Maui Optical Validation, Scleractinian Coral Cover and Sand Maps, including NOAA CREP (TOAD, drop camera, and ROV) and partner coral cover data. Zip file contains JPG and PDF files of maps.</description>
         <!--Note: file-type is deprecated-->
         <file-type>Zip</file-type>
         <compression>Zip</compression>
      </distribution>
      <distribution cc-id="361930">
         <download-url>ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/mhi/optical/mai/mai_toad_all.zip</download-url>
         <file-name>mai_toad_all.zip</file-name>
         <description>West Maui Optical Validation, Coral Cover Maps, including NOAA CREP coral cover data (TOAD, drop camera, and ROV). Zip file contains JPG and PDF files of maps, shapefiles of source data, and metadata (txt files).</description>
         <!--Note: file-type is deprecated-->
         <file-type>Zip</file-type>
         <compression>Zip</compression>
      </distribution>
      <distribution cc-id="362373">
         <download-url>ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/mhi/optical/molokai/mol_toad_0504hi.zip</download-url>
         <file-name>mol_toad_0504hi.zip</file-name>
         <description>Moloka‘i Optical Validation, Coral Cover Maps, including NOAA CREP coral cover data. Zip file contains JPG and PDF files of maps, shapefiles of source data, and metadata (txt files).</description>
         <!--Note: file-type is deprecated-->
         <file-type>Zip</file-type>
         <compression>Zip</compression>
      </distribution>
      <distribution cc-id="362370">
         <download-url>ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/mhi/optical/niihau/nii_toad_0505hi.zip</download-url>
         <file-name>nii_toad_0505hi.zip</file-name>
         <description>Ni‘ihau Optical Validation, Coral Cover Maps, including NOAA CREP coral cover data. Zip file contains JPG and PDF files of maps, shapefiles of source data, and metadata (txt files).</description>
         <!--Note: file-type is deprecated-->
         <file-type>Zip</file-type>
         <compression>Zip</compression>
      </distribution>
      <distribution cc-id="362372">
         <download-url>ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/mhi/optical/oahu/oah_toad_0505hi.zip</download-url>
         <file-name>oah_toad_0505hi.zip</file-name>
         <description>O‘ahu Optical Validation, Coral Cover Maps, including NOAA CREP coral cover data. Zip file contains JPG and PDF files of maps, shapefiles of source data, and metadata (txt files).</description>
         <!--Note: file-type is deprecated-->
         <file-type>Zip</file-type>
         <compression>Zip</compression>
      </distribution>
      <distribution cc-id="362384">
         <download-url>ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/nwhi/optical/brooks/srw_toad_0110tc.zip</download-url>
         <file-name>srw_toad_0110tc.zip</file-name>
         <description>St. Rogatien Banks Optical Validation, Coral Cover Maps, including NOAA CREP coral cover data. Zip file contains JPG and PDF files of maps, shapefiles of source data, and metadata (txt files).</description>
         <!--Note: file-type is deprecated-->
         <file-type>Zip</file-type>
         <compression>Zip</compression>
      </distribution>
      <distribution cc-id="362377">
         <download-url>ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/nwhi/optical/ffs/ffs_toad_all.zip</download-url>
         <file-name>ffs_toad_all.zip</file-name>
         <description>French Frigate Shoals Optical Validation, Coral Cover Maps, including NOAA CREP coral cover data. Zip file contains JPG and PDF files of maps, shapefiles of source data, and metadata (txt files).</description>
         <!--Note: file-type is deprecated-->
         <file-type>Zip</file-type>
         <compression>Zip</compression>
      </distribution>
      <distribution cc-id="362382">
         <download-url>ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/nwhi/optical/gardner/gar_toad_0306oes.zip</download-url>
         <file-name>gar_toad_0306oes.zip</file-name>
         <description>Gardner Pinnacles Optical Validation, Coral Cover Maps, including NOAA CREP coral cover data. Zip file contains JPG and PDF files of maps, shapefiles of source data, and metadata (txt files).</description>
         <!--Note: file-type is deprecated-->
         <file-type>Zip</file-type>
         <compression>Zip</compression>
      </distribution>
      <distribution cc-id="362374">
         <download-url>ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/nwhi/optical/kure/kur_toad_all.zip</download-url>
         <file-name>kur_toad_all.zip</file-name>
         <description>Kure Atoll Optical Validation, Coral Cover Maps, including NOAA CREP coral cover data. Zip file contains JPG and PDF files of maps, shapefiles of source data, and metadata (txt files).</description>
         <!--Note: file-type is deprecated-->
         <file-type>Zip</file-type>
         <compression>Zip</compression>
      </distribution>
      <distribution cc-id="362378">
         <download-url>ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/nwhi/optical/laysan/lay_toad_all.zip</download-url>
         <file-name>lay_toad_all.zip</file-name>
         <description>Laysan Island (&amp; Northampton Seamounts) Optical Validation, Coral Cover Maps, including NOAA CREP coral cover data. Zip file contains JPG and PDF files of maps, shapefiles of source data, and metadata (txt files).</description>
         <!--Note: file-type is deprecated-->
         <file-type>Zip</file-type>
         <compression>Zip</compression>
      </distribution>
      <distribution cc-id="362379">
         <download-url>ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/nwhi/optical/lisianski/lis_toad_all.zip</download-url>
         <file-name>lis_toad_all.zip</file-name>
         <description>Lisianski Island Optical Validation, Coral Cover Maps, including NOAA CREP coral cover data. Zip file contains JPG and PDF files of maps, shapefiles of source data, and metadata (txt files).</description>
         <!--Note: file-type is deprecated-->
         <file-type>Zip</file-type>
         <compression>Zip</compression>
      </distribution>
      <distribution cc-id="362380">
         <download-url>ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/nwhi/optical/maro/mar_toad_all.zip</download-url>
         <file-name>mar_toad_all.zip</file-name>
         <description>Maro Reef Optical Validation, Coral Cover Maps, including NOAA CREP coral cover data. Zip file contains JPG and PDF files of maps, shapefiles of source data, and metadata (txt files).</description>
         <!--Note: file-type is deprecated-->
         <file-type>Zip</file-type>
         <compression>Zip</compression>
      </distribution>
      <distribution cc-id="362375">
         <download-url>ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/nwhi/optical/midway/mid_toad_all.zip</download-url>
         <file-name>mid_toad_all.zip</file-name>
         <description>Midway Atoll Optical Validation, Coral Cover Maps, including NOAA CREP coral cover data. Zip file contains JPG and PDF files of maps, shapefiles of source data, and metadata (txt files).</description>
         <!--Note: file-type is deprecated-->
         <file-type>Zip</file-type>
         <compression>Zip</compression>
      </distribution>
      <distribution cc-id="362383">
         <download-url>ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/nwhi/optical/necker/nec_toad_all.zip</download-url>
         <file-name>nec_toad_all.zip</file-name>
         <description>Necker Island Optical Validation, Coral Cover Maps, including NOAA CREP coral cover data. Zip file contains JPG and PDF files of maps, shapefiles of source data, and metadata (txt files).</description>
         <!--Note: file-type is deprecated-->
         <file-type>Zip</file-type>
         <compression>Zip</compression>
      </distribution>
      <distribution cc-id="362376">
         <download-url>ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/nwhi/optical/phr/phr_toad_all.zip</download-url>
         <file-name>phr_toad_all.zip</file-name>
         <description>Pearl and Hermes Atoll Optical Validation, Coral Cover Maps, including NOAA CREP coral cover data. Zip file contains JPG and PDF files of maps, shapefiles of source data, and metadata (txt files).</description>
         <!--Note: file-type is deprecated-->
         <file-type>Zip</file-type>
         <compression>Zip</compression>
      </distribution>
      <distribution cc-id="362381">
         <download-url>ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/nwhi/optical/raita/rai_toad_0110tc.zip</download-url>
         <file-name>rai_toad_0110tc.zip</file-name>
         <description>Raita Bank Optical Validation, Coral Cover Maps, including NOAA CREP coral cover data. Zip file contains JPG and PDF files of maps, shapefiles of source data, and metadata (txt files).</description>
         <!--Note: file-type is deprecated-->
         <file-type>Zip</file-type>
         <compression>Zip</compression>
      </distribution>
      <distribution cc-id="362413">
         <download-url>ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/pria/optical/baker/bak_toad_all.zip</download-url>
         <file-name>bak_toad_all.zip</file-name>
         <description>Baker Island Optical Validation, Coral Cover Maps, including NOAA CREP coral cover data. Zip file contains JPG and PDF files of maps, shapefiles of source data, and metadata (txt files).</description>
         <!--Note: file-type is deprecated-->
         <file-type>Zip</file-type>
         <compression>Zip</compression>
      </distribution>
      <distribution cc-id="362412">
         <download-url>ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/pria/optical/howland/how_toad_all.zip</download-url>
         <file-name>how_toad_all.zip</file-name>
         <description>Howland Island Optical Validation, Coral Cover Maps, including NOAA CREP coral cover data. Zip file contains JPG and PDF files of maps, shapefiles of source data, and metadata (txt files).</description>
         <!--Note: file-type is deprecated-->
         <file-type>Zip</file-type>
         <compression>Zip</compression>
      </distribution>
      <distribution cc-id="362411">
         <download-url>ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/pria/optical/johnston/joh_toad_0401oes.zip</download-url>
         <file-name>joh_toad_0401oes.zip</file-name>
         <description>Johnston Atoll Optical Validation, Coral Cover Maps, including NOAA CREP coral cover data. Zip file contains JPG and PDF files of maps, shapefiles of source data, and metadata (txt files).</description>
         <!--Note: file-type is deprecated-->
         <file-type>Zip</file-type>
         <compression>Zip</compression>
      </distribution>
      <distribution cc-id="362414">
         <download-url>ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/pria/optical/palmyra/pal_toad_all.zip</download-url>
         <file-name>pal_toad_all.zip</file-name>
         <description>Palmyra Atoll Optical Validation, Coral Cover Maps, including NOAA CREP coral cover data. Zip file contains JPG and PDF files of maps, shapefiles of source data, and metadata (txt files).</description>
         <!--Note: file-type is deprecated-->
         <file-type>Zip</file-type>
         <compression>Zip</compression>
      </distribution>
   </distribution-information>
   <urls>
      <url cc-id="388240">
         <url>https://www.coris.noaa.gov/search/rest/find/document?searchText=title%3A%22Coral%20Cover%22%20AND%20CRED&amp;start=1&amp;max=500&amp;f=georss&amp;dojo.preventCache=1489492867634</url>
         <url-type>Online Resource</url-type>
         <description>Coral Reef Information System (CoRIS) Geoportal GeoRSS feed containing all metadata records associated with this catalog item.</description>
      </url>
      <url cc-id="335381">
         <url>https://www.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/</url>
         <url-type>Online Resource</url-type>
         <file-resource-format>HTML</file-resource-format>
         <description>Pacific Islands Benthic Habitat Mapping Center (PIBHMC) website. All maps are accessible through this website.</description>
      </url>
   </urls>
   <technical-environment>
      <description>Seafloor imagery was classified using a random point count method. GPS locations for classified images were plotted in ArcGIS and symbolized to show percent cover of scleractinian coral for each location.

Spatial reference information for each shape file is included in each shape file's projection (.prj) file that can be read by any text reader. These files are included in each download file.</description>
   </technical-environment>
   <data-quality>
      <representativeness>Selection of survey sites are based on a stratified random design to cover the area within safe operating depths for the vessel. </representativeness>
      <accuracy>Spatial accuracy of coral cover data varies from approximately 10 to 100 meters depending on the positional uncertainty associated with the instrument used to collect the imagery.</accuracy>
      <completeness-report>Coral cover data used are limited to in situ imagery or observer datasets collected by the Coral Reef Ecosystem Program at the NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center and include data collected between 2001-2015. Limits of time, conditions and funding affect how many surveys were possible within a given area. Some areas have very limited image survey coverage.</completeness-report>
      <conceptual-consistency>In cases in which data were collected in the same location over multiple years, the most recently collected data were used. However, final maps make no distinction as to the date data were collected and display all available data for each island or bank.  Classification of imagery was completed by several trained analysts who were tested and calibrated each year.</conceptual-consistency>
      <quality-control-procedures>All data were subject to quality control procedures to identify obvious problems with navigational accuracy and flag them for either fixing, if possible, or deletion. Also, various automated checks were built into databases where data are housed to flag obviously inaccurate values. </quality-control-procedures>
   </data-quality>
   <data-management>
      <resources-identified>Yes</resources-identified>
      <resources-budget-percentage>Unknown</resources-budget-percentage>
      <data-access-directive-compliant>Yes</data-access-directive-compliant>
      <data-access-directive-waiver>No</data-access-directive-waiver>
      <delay-collection-dissemination>Unknown</delay-collection-dissemination>
      <archive-location>No Archiving Intended</archive-location>
      <delay-collection-archive>Unknown</delay-collection-archive>
      <data-protection-plan>University of Hawaii School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, NOAA IRC and NOAA Fisheries ITS resources and assets.</data-protection-plan>
   </data-management>
   <lineage>
      <lineage-statement>The method to develop the Coral Cover data layers are generally described on the Pacific Islands Benthic Habitata Mapping Center website at http://www.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/pibhmc_mapping.htm#optical

All coral cover maps contain data generated from imagery collected during NOAA CREP towed optical assessment device (TOAD)---or towed camera sled---surveys unless otherwise noted. In a few cases, maps include additional sources of benthic cover data generated from imagery collected during other NOAA CREP surveys, including autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV), remotely operated vehicle (ROV), or towed-diver surveys, or from imagery collected by partners. Specifics are included in each of the zip files in the downloads section.</lineage-statement>
      <lineage-sources>
         <lineage-source cc-id="361926">
            <citation-title>PIBHMC Work Practices: Optical Analysis Overview</citation-title>
            <citation-url>https://www.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/pibhmc_documentation.htm</citation-url>
         </lineage-source>
      </lineage-sources>
   </lineage>
   <related-items>
      <related-item>
         <catalog-item-id>35618</catalog-item-id>
         <catalog-item-type>Data Set</catalog-item-type>
         <title>Pacific Reef Assessment and Monitoring Program: Towed-diver Surveys of Benthic Habitat, Key Benthic Species, including Marine Debris Sightings, of the U.S. Pacific Reefs from 2000 to 2012</title>
         <relationship-type>Cross Reference</relationship-type>
      </related-item>
   </related-items>
   <catalog-details>
      <guid>gov.noaa.nmfs.inport:33579</guid>
      <metadata-record-created-by pers-id="6929">Annette DesRochers</metadata-record-created-by>
      <metadata-record-created>2016-07-27T20:53:09</metadata-record-created>
      <metadata-record-last-modified-by pers-id="0">SysAdmin InPortAdmin</metadata-record-last-modified-by>
      <metadata-record-last-modified>2026-03-04T19:17:26</metadata-record-last-modified>
      <record-published>2017-01-09</record-published>
      <owner-organization>Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center</owner-organization>
      <owner-organization-acronym>PIFSC</owner-organization-acronym>
      <owner-organization-address>1845 Wasp Blvd.</owner-organization-address>
      <owner-organization-address-city>Honolulu</owner-organization-address-city>
      <owner-organization-address-state>HI</owner-organization-address-state>
      <owner-organization-address-zip>96818</owner-organization-address-zip>
      <owner-organization-address-country>USA</owner-organization-address-country>
      <owner-organization-phone>808-725-5300</owner-organization-phone>
      <owner-organization-url>https://www.pifsc.noaa.gov</owner-organization-url>
      <owner-organization-business-hours>8:00 a.m. - 4:30 p.m.</owner-organization-business-hours>
      <owner-organization-group-id>1001</owner-organization-group-id>
      <publication-status>Public</publication-status>
      <limited-metadata-available>No</limited-metadata-available>
      <is-do-not-publish>No</is-do-not-publish>
      <metadata-last-review-date>2017-01-09</metadata-last-review-date>
      <metadata-review-frequency>1 Year</metadata-review-frequency>
      <metadata-next-review-date>2018-01-09</metadata-next-review-date>
   </catalog-details>
</inport-metadata>
