36615
AFSC/RACE/SAP/Long: Effects of ocean acidification on respiration, feeding, and growth of juvenile red and blue king crabs (Paralithodes camtschaticus and P. platypus)
AFSC/RACE/SAP/Long: Effects of ocean acidification on respiration, feeding, growth of juvenile red and blue king crabs (Paralithodes camtschaticus, P. platypus)
Data Set
Published / External
22354
Shellfish Assessment Program
Project
Completed
Juvenile red and blue king crabs (Paralithodes camtschaticus and P. platypus) were exposed to three pH levels: ambient (pH 8.1), pH 7.8, and pH 7.5 for three weeks. Oxygen consumption and feeding ration were determined immediately after exposure to treatment water and after three weeks exposure. Growth can be calculated from the wet mass observations.
Juvenile red and blue king crabs (Paralithodes camtschaticus and P. platypus) both exhibit increased mortality and decreased growth in acidified waters. In this study, we determine how ocean acidification affects oxygen consumption, feeding rates, and growth in both species.
Loaded by FGDC Metadata Uploader, batch 9730, 02-02-2017 11:51
Theme
ISO 19115 Topic Category
environment
Theme
ISO 19115 Topic Category
oceans
Theme
diet
Theme
growth
Theme
juvenile
Theme
ocean acidification
Spatial
Alaska
Spatial
Bering Sea
Spatial
Bristol Bay
Spatial
Gulf of Alaska
Spatial
Kodiak
Kodiak Fisheries Research Center
Kodiak
AK
USA
Data Set
None Planned
Table (digital)
The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose. NOAA denies liability if the data are misused.
n/a
n/a
n/a
36616
Water Chemistry
Water Chemistry
Published / External
Completed
A table containing all measurments of water parameters measured during this experiment.
Blank cells indicate no data was taken or missing data.
Loaded by FGDC Metadata Uploader, batch 9730, 02-02-2017 11:51
Spreadsheet
A table containing all measurments of water parameters measured during this experiment.
Blank cells indicate no data was taken or missing data.
Date
TEXT
No
No
Active
Date observation was made
Date in M/DD/YYYY format
Treatment
TEXT
No
No
Active
The pH treatment the crab was in or the observation was made in.
Control, pH 7.8, pH 7.5
pH
NUMBER
No
No
Active
pH of the water
pH units, Free scale
7 - 8.5
Temp
NUMBER
No
No
Active
Temperature of the water.
Degrees celcius
4 - 6
Salinity
NUMBER
No
No
Active
Salinity of the water
practical salinity units
30 - 32
Alkalinity
NUMBER
No
No
Active
Alkalinity of the water
micromoles per kilogram
1900 - 2200
DIC
NUMBER
No
No
Active
Dissolved inorganic carbon in the water. Also know as the total CO2.
micromoles per kilogram
1900 - 2200
36617
Respiration and Feeding
Respiration and Feeding
Published / External
Completed
Table with all respiration and feeding ration measurments.
Loaded by FGDC Metadata Uploader, batch 9730, 02-02-2017 11:51
Spreadsheet
Table with all respiration and feeding ration measurments.
Treatment
TEXT
No
No
Active
The pH treatment the crab was in or the observation was made in.
Control, pH 7.8, pH 7.5
Crab
NUMBER
No
No
Active
A unique number given to each crab to identify it. This number is nested within species and treatment.
Number used to identify each crab.
Species
TEXT
No
No
Active
Species of crab the observation was made on.
BKC, RKC
Time
TEXT
No
No
Active
Indicates whether the measurment was made at the beginning (Initial) or end (Final) of the experiment
Initial, Final
Respiration
NUMBER
No
No
Active
Respiration rate of the crab
milligrams of oxygen (O2) per gram of crab per hour
0 - 1
Feeding Ration
NUMBER
No
No
Active
The percent of the crab’s mass consumed corrected for mass change
in control trials
-12.86 to 72.47
36618
Crab mass
Crab mass
Published / External
Completed
Table with the observations on crab mass made during the experiment.
Loaded by FGDC Metadata Uploader, batch 9730, 02-02-2017 11:51
Spreadsheet
Table with the observations on crab mass made during the experiment.
Treatment
TEXT
No
No
Active
The pH treatment the crab was in or the observation was made in.
Control, pH 7.8, pH 7.5
Crab
NUMBER
No
No
Active
A unique number given to each crab to identify it. This number is nested within species and treatment.
Number used to identify each crab.
Species
TEXT
No
No
Active
Species of crab the observation was made on.
BKC, RKC
Initial mass
NUMBER
No
No
Active
Mass of the crab at the beginning of the experiment
grams
0 - 1
Final mass
NUMBER
No
No
Active
Mass of the crab after about 3 weeks exposure to treatment water.
grams
0 - 1
Molted
TEXT
No
No
Active
Indicates if the crab molted during the experiment. No crab molted more than once.
Yes, No
Data Steward
2017
Person
Long, Chris
chris.long@noaa.gov
Distributor
2017
Person
Long, Chris
chris.long@noaa.gov
Metadata Contact
2017-02-02
Person
MC, Metadata Coordinators
AFSC.metadata@noaa.gov
Originator
2017
Person
Foy, Robert
robert.foy@noaa.gov
Originator
2017
Person
Long, Chris
chris.long@noaa.gov
Originator
2017
Person
Swiney, Katherine
katherine.swiney@noaa.gov
Point of Contact
2017
Person
Long, Chris
chris.long@noaa.gov
observed
-152.395268
-152.395268
57.782403
57.782403
Kodiak Laboratory
Range
2013-06
2013-07
Unclassified
unknown
There are no legal restrictions on access to the data. They reside in public domain and can be freely distributed.
User must read and fully comprehend the metadata prior to use. Applications or inferences derived from the data should be carefully considered for accuracy. Users should cite this data set as well as the paper in which they are published (Long, W. C., Pruisner, P., Swiney, K. M., and Foy, R. in review. Effects of ocean acidification on respiration, feeding, and growth of juvenile red and blue king crabs (Paralithodes camtschaticus and P. platypus). Scientific Reports ) in any publications and/or other representations of these, data is suggested.
https://console.cloud.google.com/storage/browser/nmfs_odp_afsc/RACE/SAP/Long%3B%20Effects%20of%20ocean%20acidification%20on%20respiration,%20feeding,%20and%20growth%20of%20juvenile%20red%20and%20blue%20king%20crabs%20%28Paralithodes%20camtschaticus%20and%20P.%20platypus%29;
Note: Dataset migrated by Dan Woodrich (AFSC data management coordinator) on 12/16/2021. Contact: Daniel.woodrich@noaa.gov
Excel
not applicable
Not applicable.
Not applicable.
unknown
No
Unknown
No
No
No
Unknown
no delay
NCEI-MD
unknown
IT Security and Contingency Plan for the system establishes procedures and applies to the functions, operations, and resources necessary to recover and restore data as hosted in the Western Regional Support Center in Seattle, Washington, following a disruption.
1
During the experiment, crabs were held in individual cells made out of PVC pipe with mesh bottoms that were placed in three larger experimental tubs. Cells each received flow-through water and were large enough to not cause stress to the animals. Crab were fed Gelly Belly (above) three times a week to excess during the experiment.
The temperature was maintained at 5°C, which is well within the thermal tolerance range for both species (Long and Daly in review), in each tub using a recirculating chiller. Each of the tubs was fed with flow through seawater at one of three pHs. To acidify seawater, CO2 was bubbled into seawater to reduce the pH to 5.5. This water was mixed with ambient filtered seawater into treatment head tanks. The flow rate of pH 5.5 water was controlled via feedback from pH probes in the head tanks that adjusted the speed of peristaltic pumps.
Three pH treatments were used, ambient (pH ~8.1), pH 7.8 (pH expected in global surface waters in ~2100) and pH 7.5 (~2200). The pH and temperature were measured in a randomly selected cell in each treatment once a day using a Durafet III pH probe that was calibrated daily in TRIS buffer. Weekly water samples from each treatment were taken, poisoned with mercuric chloride, and sent to an analytic laboratories for dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and total alkalinity (TA) analysis.
DIC and TA were determined using a VINDTA 3C (Marianda, Kiel, Germany) coupled to a 5012 Coulometer (UIC Inc., Joliet, IL) using Certified Reference Material from the Dickson Laboratory.
2
In this experiment, we measured respiration and feeding ration crabs both immediately after exposure to treatment water and after 3 weeks acclimation period in treatment water. Three weeks exposure time was selected, in part, because, after that, the mortality rate of juveniles in the lowest pH treatment was likely to result in too low a sample size.
Sample size was 6 crabs per species per treatment except for red king crab at pH 7.5 which we increased to 10 crabs in anticipation of a higher mortality rate
at that treatment. As no more than five respirometry measurements could be made per day, trials for individual crabs were staggered and crabs were started in a random order.
Part way through beginning the experiment, an equipment failure caused mass mortality in the pH 7.5 treatment. The affected crabs were replaced with new one and the initial respiration/feeding trials re-run. Each crab was starved for 1 day prior to measuring the respiration and feeding ration to standardize hunger levels.
Each day the respiration trials for that day would be performed and the crabs placed into their cells in the experimental tubs. Respiration was measured in a 5 ml Plexiglas cell with an integrated Clark electrode oxygen sensor that recorded the O2 concentration continually. The sensor was calibrated daily with a two point calibration procedure. The cell was jacketed in by a secondary chamber that allowed flow-through water to maintain the cell at a constant temperature and the whole apparatus was placed inside a temperature controlled room at 5°C.
To measure respiration rates, crabs were placed into the cell with a known volume of water at the treatment pH. Trials were run for 1.25-1.5 h. Immediately after the trial the crab was removed from the chamber it was blotted dry and the wet mass was determined. The rate of oxygen consumption in the cell was determined by determining the slope of the oxygen concentration over time once the trend became linear and was normalizing to the mass of each crab.
After the respiration trials, the crab were placed in their holding cells in the experimental tubs. Feeding ration was determined the same day as respiration measurements were taken. A pre-massed piece of squid mantle (blotted dry) ~50% of the mass of the crabs was placed into each cell and the crab was allowed to feed for 24 h after which the remaining food was collected, blotted dry, and massed. As the red king crab were smaller than the blue king crab the mass of food given to each species differed accordingly.
Control trials without crabs were performed in each pH treatment for each species (to account for any potential difference in the initial mass of the samples) with 3 replicates of each pH/species combination. On average, the mass of squid increased by 0.8 ± 7.8% (SE) and did not differ among either pH treatments (2-way ANOVA, F2,13 = 0.184, p = 0.834) or species (2-way ANOVA, F1,13 = 1.318, p = 0.272) so the overall mean was used when calculating the feeding ration. The mass of food consumed was determined and the feeding ration calculated as the percent of the crab’s mass consumed corrected for mass change in control trials.
The crabs were held in their treatment water for ~21 days (range 20-24 d) and checked daily for moults or mortalities. Then the respiration and feeding ration for each crab was determined a second time in the same way as above.
3
The pH treatment the crab was in or the observation was made in. Control = pH of ambient water coming into the Kodiak Lab; pH 7.8- water adjusted to a pH 0f 7.8 with CO2. pH 7.5- water adjusted to a pH of 7.5 pH was taken using Durafet pH probe, accuracy between 0.01 and 0.03.
Salinity values represented in practical salinity units. Blank cells indicate no data was taken or missing data. Alkalinity values represented in micromoles per kilogram. Blank cells indicate no data was taken or missing data.
DIC (dissolved inorganic carbon) is also known as the total CO2 and is represented in micromoles per kilogram. Blank cells indicate no data was taken or missing data.
Species: BKC = blue king crab; RKC = red king crab. Time Indicates whether the measurement was made at the beginning (Initial) or end (Final) of the experiment. Initial = measurement made immediately after crab was exposed to treatment water. Final = measurement made after crab was exposed to treatment water for approximately 3 weeks.
36618
Entity
Crab mass
36617
Entity
Respiration and Feeding
36616
Entity
Water Chemistry
gov.noaa.nmfs.inport:36615
Christie Lang
2017-02-02T11:51:26
SysAdmin InPortAdmin
2023-05-30T18:09:10
2017-02-02
Alaska Fisheries Science Center
AFSC
7600 Sand Point Way N.E., Building 4
Seattle
WA
98115
USA
http://www.afsc.noaa.gov
0700-1700 Pacific Time
1001
Public
No
2017-02-02
1 Year
2018-02-02
none
invertebrates
crab
Kingdom
Animalia
Genus
Paralithodes
Species
camtschaticus
red king crab
Genus
Paralithodes
Species
platypus
blue king crab
Water Chemistry
A table containing all measurments of water parameters measured during this experiment.
Blank cells indicate no data was taken or missing data.
N/A
Date
Date observation was made
N/A
Date in M/DD/YYYY format
Treatment
The pH treatment the crab was in or the observation was made in.
N/A
Control, pH 7.8, pH 7.5
Control: pH of ambient water coming into the Kodiak Lab
pH 7.8- water adjusted to a pH 0f 7.8 with CO2.
pH 7.5- water adjusted to a pH of 7.5
n/a
pH
pH of the water
n/a
7
8.5
pH units, Free scale
0.01
0.03
Nominal accuacy of the Durafet pH probe
Temp
Temperature of the water.
n/a
4
6
Degrees celcius
Salinity
Salinity of the water
n/a
30
32
practical salinity units
0.01
Alkalinity
Alkalinity of the water
n/a
1900
2200
micromoles per kilogram
DIC
Dissolved inorganic carbon in the water. Also know as the total CO2.
n/a
1900
2200
micromoles per kilogram
Respiration and Feeding
Table with all respiration and feeding ration measurments.
n/a
Treatment
The pH treatment the crab was in or the observation was made in.
N/A
Control, pH 7.8, pH 7.5
Control: pH of ambient water coming into the Kodiak Lab
pH 7.8- water adjusted to a pH 0f 7.8 with CO2.
pH 7.5- water adjusted to a pH of 7.5
n/a
Crab
A unique number given to each crab to identify it. This number is nested within species and treatment.
n/a
Number used to identify each crab.
Species
Species of crab the observation was made on.
n/a
BKC, RKC
BKC- blue king crab
RKC- red king crab
n/a
Time
Indicates whether the measurment was made at the beginning (Initial) or end (Final) of the experiment
n/a
Initial, Final
Initial: Measurment made immediately after crab was exposed to treatment water.
Final: measurment made after crab was exposed to treatment water for approximately 3 weeks.
n\a
Respiration
Respiration rate of the crab
n/a
0
1
milligrams of oxygen (O2) per gram of crab per hour
Crab mass
Table with the observations on crab mass made during the experiment.
n/a
Treatment
The pH treatment the crab was in or the observation was made in.
N/A
Control, pH 7.8, pH 7.5
Control: pH of ambient water coming into the Kodiak Lab
pH 7.8- water adjusted to a pH 0f 7.8 with CO2.
pH 7.5- water adjusted to a pH of 7.5
n/a
Crab
A unique number given to each crab to identify it. This number is nested within species and treatment.
n/a
Number used to identify each crab.
Species
Species of crab the observation was made on.
n/a
BKC, RKC
BKC- blue king crab
RKC- red king crab
n/a
Initial mass
Mass of the crab at the beginning of the experiment
n/a
0
1
grams
0.00010
Final mass
Mass of the crab after about 3 weeks exposure to treatment water.
n/a
0
1
grams
0.00010
Molted
Indicates if the crab molted during the experiment. No crab molted more than once.
n/a
Yes, No
Yes- Crab molted once during the experiment.
No- Crab did not molt during the experiment
n/a