Guam coral - Bomb radiocarbon record (1939-2000)
Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center
Data Set
(DS)
| ID: 36758
| Published / External
Created: 2017-02-10
|
Last Modified: 2023-08-25
Project (PRJ) | ID: 8062
ID: 36758
Data Set (DS)
* Discovery• First Pass
» Metadata Rubric
Item Identification
* » Title | Guam coral - Bomb radiocarbon record (1939-2000) |
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Short Name | Guam coral radiocarbon record |
* Status | Completed |
Creation Date | |
Revision Date | |
• Publication Date | 2016 |
* » Abstract |
High-resolution radiocarbon (14C) analyses on a coral core extracted from Guam, a western tropical Pacific island, revealed a series of early bomb-produced 14C spikes. The typical marine bomb 14C signal—phase lagged and attenuated relative to atmospheric records—is present in the coral and is consistent with other regional coral records. However, 14C levels well above what can be attributed to air-sea diffusion alone punctuate this pattern. This anomaly was observed in other Indo-Pacific coral records, but the Guam record is unmatched in magnitude and temporal resolution. The Guam coral ¿14C record provided three spikes in 1954–55, 1956–57, and 1958–59 that are superimposed on a normal 14C record. Relative to mean pre-bomb levels, the first peak rises an incredible ~700‰ and remained elevated for ~1.2 years. A follow up assay with finer resolution increased the peak by ~300‰. Subsequent spikes were less intense with a rise of ~35‰ and ~70‰. Each can be linked to thermonuclear testing in the Pacific Proving Grounds at Bikini and Enewetak atolls in Operations Castle (1954), Redwing (1956), and Hardtack I (1958). These 14C signals can be explained by vaporization of coral reef material in the nuclear fireball, coupled with neutron activation of atmospheric nitrogen (14C production), and subsequent absorption of 14CO2 to form particulate carbonates of close-in fallout. The lag time in reaching Guam and other coral records abroad was tied to ocean surface currents and modeling provided validation of 14C arrival observations. |
* Purpose |
Establish a comprehensive bomb radiocarbon reference for use in age validation of regional marine organisms and to explain the oceanographic propagation of the signal through the western Pacific Ocean. |
Notes |
Data set also available via the NOAA Climatic Data Center Double Reef, Guam 60 Year Coral Bomb-Produced Radiocarbon Data https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/20346 |
Other Citation Details |
Publication: Andrews, A.H., R. Asami, Y. Iryu, D.R. Kobayashi, and F. Camacho. 2016. Bomb-produced radiocarbon in the western tropical Pacific Ocean—Guam coral reveals operation-specific signals from the Pacific Proving Grounds. Journal of Geophysical Research – Oceans 121: 6351-6366 (dx.doi.org/10.1002/2016JC012043) |
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Physical Location
• » Organization | Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center |
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• » City | Honolulu |
• » State/Province | HI |
• Country | USA |
• » Location Description |
Data Set Information
* Data Set Scope Code | Data Set |
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• Data Set Type | Excel and SAS Dataset |
• Maintenance Frequency | None Planned |
Maintenance Note | |
» Data Presentation Form | Document (digital) |
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Support Roles
* » Support Role | Data Steward |
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* » Date Effective From | 2019-04-01 |
Date Effective To | 2023-05 |
Person | O'Malley, Joseph M |
Address |
1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu, HI 96818 USA |
Email Address | joseph.omalley@noaa.gov |
Phone | (808)725-5741 |
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* » Support Role | Data Steward |
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* » Date Effective From | 2016 |
Date Effective To | 2018-09 |
Person | Boggs, Christofer H |
Address |
1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu, HI 96818 USA |
Email Address | christofer.boggs@noaa.gov |
Phone | (808)725-5364 |
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* » Support Role | Distributor |
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* » Date Effective From | 2016 |
Date Effective To | |
Organization | Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC) |
Address |
1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu, HI 96818 USA |
Email Address | pifsc.info@noaa.gov |
Phone | 808-725-5360 |
Fax | |
Mobile | |
URL | https://www.pifsc.noaa.gov |
Business Hours | 8:00 a.m. - 4:30 p.m. |
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* » Support Role | Metadata Contact |
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* » Date Effective From | 2019-04-01 |
Date Effective To | 2023-05 |
Person | O'Malley, Joseph M |
Address |
1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu, HI 96818 USA |
Email Address | joseph.omalley@noaa.gov |
Phone | (808)725-5741 |
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* » Support Role | Metadata Contact |
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* » Date Effective From | 2016 |
Date Effective To | 2019-03-31 |
Person | Andrews, Allen H |
Address |
1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu, HI 96818 USA |
Email Address | allen.andrews@noaa.gov |
Phone | (808)725-5373 |
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* » Support Role | Point of Contact |
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* » Date Effective From | 2023-08 |
Date Effective To | |
Person | Schemmel, Eva M |
Email Address | eva.schemmel@noaa.gov |
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Contact via email. |
* » Support Role | Point of Contact |
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* » Date Effective From | 2019-04-01 |
Date Effective To | 2023-05 |
Person | O'Malley, Joseph M |
Address |
1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu, HI 96818 USA |
Email Address | joseph.omalley@noaa.gov |
Phone | (808)725-5741 |
Fax | |
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URL | |
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Contact Instructions |
Contact via email |
* » Support Role | Point of Contact |
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* » Date Effective From | 2016 |
Date Effective To | 2019-03-31 |
Person | Andrews, Allen H |
Address |
1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu, HI 96818 USA |
Email Address | allen.andrews@noaa.gov |
Phone | (808)725-5373 |
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Extents
Currentness Reference | Publication Date |
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* » Description |
Guam, US Territory |
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* » Time Frame Type | Range |
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* » Start | 1939 |
End | 2000 |
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Description |
Validated timeline for the coral core radiocarbon record using previously published seasonal/annual temperature changes. |
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* » Security Class | Unclassified |
* Security Classification System |
NA |
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• Data Access Policy |
NA |
» Data Access Procedure |
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• » Data Access Constraints |
NA |
• Data Use Constraints |
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Distribution Information
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» Download URL | https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/20346 |
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File Name | Guam 14C Data |
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Data Management
» Have Resources for Management of these Data Been Identified? | Yes |
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» Approximate Percentage of Budget for these Data Devoted to Data Management | Unknown |
» Do these Data Comply with the Data Access Directive? | No |
» Is Access to the Data Limited Based on an Approved Waiver? | No |
» If Distributor (Data Hosting Service) is Needed, Please Indicate | NCDC |
» Approximate Delay Between Data Collection and Dissemination | None |
» If Delay is Longer than Latency of Automated Processing, Indicate Under What Authority Data Access is Delayed | |
» Actual or Planned Long-Term Data Archive Location | Other |
» If World Data Center or Other, Specify | NCDC |
» Approximate Delay Between Data Collection and Archiving | None |
» How Will the Data Be Protected from Accidental or Malicious Modification or Deletion Prior to Receipt by the Archive? |
PIFSC ITS performs scheduled back-ups. |
Lineage
» Lineage Statement |
See publication: Andrews, A.H., R. Asami, Y. Iryu, D.R. Kobayashi, and F. Camacho. 2016. Bomb-produced radiocarbon in the western tropical Pacific Ocean—Guam coral reveals operation-specific signals from the Pacific Proving Grounds. Journal of Geophysical Research – Oceans 121: 6351-6366 (dx.doi.org/10.1002/2016JC012043) |
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Catalog Details
Catalog Item ID | 36758 |
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Metadata Record Created By | Allen H Andrews |
Metadata Record Created | 2017-02-10 15:19+0000 |
Metadata Record Last Modified By | Brent M Miyamoto |
» Metadata Record Last Modified | 2023-08-25 19:25+0000 |
Metadata Record Published | 2019-07-23 |
Owner Org | PIFSC |
Metadata Publication Status | Published Externally |
Do Not Publish? | N |
Metadata Workflow State | Published / External |
Metadata Last Review Date | 2019-07-23 |
Metadata Review Frequency | 1 Year |
Metadata Next Review Date | 2020-07-23 |
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