38718 420s-0619 Data Set Published / External 37187 Hawaii_images_2000 Project Completed 2002-01-02 Habitat maps of the main Hawaiian Islands were created by visual interpretation of aerial photos and hyperspectral imagery using the Habitat Digitizer extension. Aerial photographs are valuable tools for natural resource managers and researchers since they provide an excellent record of the location and extent of habitats. However, spatial distortions in aerial photographs due to such factors as camera angle, lens characteristics, and relief displacement must be accounted for during analysis to prevent incorrect measurements of area, distance, and other spatial parameters. These distortions of scale within an image can be removed through orthorectification. During orthorectification, digital scans of aerial photos are subjected to algorithms that eliminate each source of spatial distortion. The result is a georeferenced digital mosaic of several photographs with uniform scale throughout the mosaic. Features near land are generally georeferenced with greater accuracy while the accuracy of features away from land is generally not as good. Where no land is in the original photographic frame only kinematic GPS locations and image tie points were used to georeference the images. After an orthorectified mosaic is created, photointerpreters can accurately and reliably delineate boundaries of features in the imagery as they appear on the computer monitor using a software interface such as the Habitat Digitizer. The National Ocean Service is conducting research to digitally map biotic resources and coordinate a long-term monitoring program that can detect and predict change in U.S. coral reefs, and their associated habitats and biological communities. 542 Theme ISO 19115 Topic Category environment Theme ISO 19115 Topic Category imageryBaseMapsEarthCover Theme NOS Data Explorer Topic Category Environmental Monitoring Theme NOS Data Explorer Topic Category Remotely Sensed Imagery/Photos Theme SAV Theme aerial photography Theme benthic Theme coral Theme habitat Theme mangrove Theme oceans Theme reef Theme seagrass Spatial Hawaii Spatial Island of Hawaii Spatial U.S. Exclusive Economic Zone Spatial United States National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science Silver Spring MD Data Set None Planned remote-sensing image The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science(NCCOS) produced this data CD-ROM. NCCOS Biogeography Program does not guarantee the accuracy of the geographic features or attributes. Data Steward 2002-01-02 Position NCCOS Scientific Data Coordinator NCCOS.data@noaa.gov Distributor 2002-01-02 Position NCCOS Scientific Data Coordinator NCCOS.data@noaa.gov Metadata Contact 2002-01-02 Position NCCOS Scientific Data Coordinator NCCOS.data@noaa.gov Point of Contact 2002-01-02 Position NCCOS Scientific Data Coordinator NCCOS.data@noaa.gov Principal Investigator 2002-01-02 Person Battista, Tim tim.battista@noaa.gov Ground Condition -155.9605 -155.841 19.9412 19.8342 Discrete 2000 Yes Unclassified Project information is available online or on CD-ROM through the NCCOS Biogeography Program.; None None https://coastalscience.noaa.gov/datasets/ccma/biogeo/hawaii/mosaics/420s-0619-airphotos.zip Downloadable Data MrSID SID-MrSID/Multiresolution Seamless Image DB https://ccma.nos.noaa.gov/products/biogeography/hawaii_cd/data/ Online Resource https://ccma.nos.noaa.gov/products/biogeography/hawaii_cd/data/hawaiifl.aspx Online Resource https://coastalscience.noaa.gov/datasets/ccma/biogeo/hawaii/mosaics/420s-0619-airphotos.zip Online Resource 2013-12-24 Date that the source FGDC record was last modified. 2017-04-05 Converted from FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata (version FGDC-STD-001-1998) using 'fgdc_to_inport_xml.pl' script. Contact Tyler Christensen (NOS) for details. 2017-09-13 Partial upload of Spatial Info section only. 2017-11-01 Replaced entire Lineage section to populate new Source Contribution field. 2018-02-08 Partial upload of Positional Accuracy fields only. Microsoft Windows 2000 Version 5.0(Build 2195) Service Pack 3; ESRI ArcCatalog 8.2.0.700 Average spatial accuracy of individual photomosaics is reported in Chapter 3 of Benthic Habitats of the Main Hawaiian Islands. Positional accuracy was determined by solution of Softplotter generated model (RMS less than 1) and by comparison to independent ground control data. The georegistration of these photographs is at least 95% sigma RMS of 5 meters. Cloud Cover: 2 No color balancing was attempted since this alters color and textural signatures in the original imagery and interferes with the photointerpreter's ability to delineate habitats. As a result mosaics have visible seams between adjacent photos. This provides the photointerpreter with "true color" imagery for maximum ability to identify and delineate benthic features. Once all of the photographs were orthorectified, the best segments of each photograph were selected for creation of the final mosaic. Segments of each photograph were selected to minimize sun glint, cloud interference, and turbidity in the final mosaic. Where possible, parts of images obscured by sunglint or clouds were replaced with cloud/glint free parts of overlapping images. As a result, most mosaics have few or no clouds or sun glint obscuring bottom features. Color Aerial Photographs Main Hawaiian Islands Collected by NOAA Year 2000 Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Ocean Service (NOS),National Geodetic Survey (NGS) 2000-01-01 Discrete 2000 24000 https://ccma.nos.noaa.gov/products/biogeography/mapping/dems/ Photographs were scanned and orthorectified. | Source Geospatial Form: remote-sensing image | Type of Source Media: paper digital elevation models United States Geological Survey 2001-11-01 Discrete 2001 https://ccma.nos.noaa.gov/products/biogeography/mapping/dems/ Elevation data was used to correct for relief displacement in the photographs. | Source Geospatial Form: vector digital data | Type of Source Media: cartridge tape ground control points Analytical Laboratories of Hawaii 2002-01-01 Range 2001 2002 Fixed ground features visible in the scanned photos were selected for GCPs which were then used to georeference the imagery | Source Geospatial Form: vector digital data | Type of Source Media: various media 1 Aerial photographs were acquired for the main Hawaiian Islands Benthic Mapping Project in 2000 by NOAA Aircraft Operation Centers aircraft and National Geodetic Survey cameras and personnel. Approximately 1,449, color 9x9 inch photos were taken of the coastal waters of the main Hawaiian Islands at a 1:24,000 scale. Prints and diapositives were created from the original negatives. Diapositives were then scanned at a resolution of 500 dpi using a photogrammetric quality scanner, yielding one by one meter pixels for the 1:24,000 scale photography. All scans were saved in TIFF format for the purposes of orthorectification and photointerpretation. Georeferencing/mosaicking of the TIFFs was performed using a variety of softcopy photogrammetric software including Socet Set Version4.2.1, Autometric Softplotter, PCI OrthoEngine, and Erdas OrthoBASE. First, lens correction parameters were applied to each frame to eliminate image distortion. Airborne kinematic GPS was then used, to provide first order georegistration. Image to image tie-points were then used to further co-register the imagery, especially for photos taken over open water when ground control points were not available. Fixed ground features visible in the scanned photos were selected for ground control points (GCPs)which were then used to georeference imagery. GCPs were measured using a Differentially-corrected Global Positioning System (DGPS). We obtained points with a wide distribution throughout the imagery, especially on peninsulas and outer islands whenever possible since this results in the most accurate registration throughout each image. Only ground control points for terrestrial features were collected due to the difficulty of obtaining precise positions for submerged features. Pre-existing USGS 10-meter digital elevation models were used to correct for relief displacement 2002-01-01T00:00:00 gov.noaa.nmfs.inport:38718 Tyler Christensen 2017-04-05T12:48:25 SysAdmin InPortAdmin 2025-05-15T19:16:14 2018-02-08 National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science NCCOS 1002 Public No No 2018-02-08 1 Year 2019-02-08