39332 hawaii_image_parent Data Set Published / External 37185 Hawaii_2000 Project Completed 2000 This project is a cooperative effort among the National Ocean Service, National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment; the University of Hawaii; and Analytical Laboratories of Hawaii, LLC. The goal of the work was to develop coral reef mapping methods and compare benthic habitat maps generated by photointerpreting georeferenced color aerial photography and hyperspectral imagery. Aerial photographs were acquired for the Main Eight Hawaiian Islands Benthic Mapping Project in 2000 by NOAA Aircraft Operation Centers aircraft and National Geodetic Survey cameras and personnel. Approximately 1,500, color, 9 by 9 inch photos were taken of the coastal waters of the Main Eight Hawaiian Islands at 1:24,000 scale. Specific sun angle and maximum percent cloud cover restrictions were adhered to when possible during photography missions to ensure collection of high quality imagery for the purpose of benthic mapping. In addition, consecutive photos were taken at 60 percent overlap on individual flight lines and 30 percent overlap on adjacent flight lines to allow for orthorectification and elimination of sun glint. The enhanced spectral resolution of hyperspectral and control of bandwidths of multispectral data yield an advantage over color aerial photography particularly when coral health and time series analysis of coral reef community structure are of interest. The AURORA hyperspectral imaging system collected 72 ten nm bands in visible and near infrared spectral range with a 3 meter pixel resolution. The data was processed to select band widths, which optimized feature detection in shallow and deep water. The digital scans of aerial photos and hyperspectral imagery were orthorectified to eliminate sources of spatial distortion. With these orthorectified images photointerpreters can accurately and reliably delineate boundaries of features in the imagery as they appear on the computer monitor using a software interface such as the Habitat Digitizer. The National Ocean Service is conducting research to digitally map biotic resources and coordinate a long-term monitoring program that can detect and predict change in U.S. coral reefs and their associated habitats and biological communities. 392 Spatial Reference Information Planar_Coordinate_Information: Abscissa_Resolution: 1.0 m (photomosaics) 3.0 m (hyperspectral imagery); Ordinate_Resolution: 1.0 (photomosaics) 3.0 (hyperspectral imagery) Theme ISO 19115 Topic Category biota Theme ISO 19115 Topic Category environment Theme ISO 19115 Topic Category imageryBaseMapsEarthCover Theme ISO 19115 Topic Category oceans Theme NOS Data Explorer Topic Category Remotely Sensed Imagery/Photos Theme AURORA hyperspectral imagery Theme SAV Theme aerial photography Theme benthic Theme coral Theme habitat Theme mangrove Theme reef Theme seagrass Spatial Hawaii Spatial Kauai Spatial Lanai Spatial Main Eight Hawaiian Islands Spatial Maui Spatial Molokai Spatial Niihau Spatial Oahu National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science Silver Spring MD Data Set None Planned raster digital data The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS) produced this data CD-ROM. NCCOS Biogeography Program does not guarantee the accuracy of the geographic features or attributes. Data Steward 2000 Position NCCOS Scientific Data Coordinator NCCOS.data@noaa.gov Distributor 2000 Position NCCOS Scientific Data Coordinator NCCOS.data@noaa.gov Metadata Contact 2000 Position NCCOS Scientific Data Coordinator NCCOS.data@noaa.gov Point of Contact 2000 Position NCCOS Scientific Data Coordinator NCCOS.data@noaa.gov Principal Investigator 2000 Person Battista, Tim tim.battista@noaa.gov Ground Condition -160.2986 -155.1511 22.2799 19.2604 Discrete 2000 Yes Unclassified Project information is available online or on CD-ROM through the NCCOS Biogeography Program.; None None https://ccma.nos.noaa.gov/products/biogeography/hawaii_cd/data/mosaics.aspx Downloadable Data MrSID SID-MrSID/Multiresolution Seamless Image DB https://ccma.nos.noaa.gov/products/biogeography/hawaii_cd/data/ Online Resource https://ccma.nos.noaa.gov/products/biogeography/hawaii_cd/data/mosaics.aspx Online Resource 2013-10-30 Date that the source FGDC record was last modified. 2017-04-05 Converted from FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata (version FGDC-STD-001-1998) using 'fgdc_to_inport_xml.pl' script. Contact Tyler Christensen (NOS) for details. 2017-09-13 Partial upload of Spatial Info section only. 2017-11-01 Replaced entire Lineage section to populate new Source Contribution field. 2018-02-08 Partial upload of Positional Accuracy fields only. PHOTOMOSAICS Average spatial accuracy of individual photomosaics is reported in Chapter 3 of Benthic Habitats of the Main Hawaiian Islands. Positional accuracy was determined by solution of Softplotter generated model (RMS less than 1) and by comparison to independent ground control data. The georegistration of these photographs is at least 95% sigma RMS of 5 meters. HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGERY Hyperspectral imagery was obtained at 3 meter pixel resolution. PHOTOMOSAICS No color balancing was attempted since this alters color and textural signatures in the original imagery and interferes with the photointerpreter's ability to delineate habitats. As a results mosaics have visible seams between adjacent photos. This provides the photointerpreter with "true color" imagery for maximum ability to identify and delineate benthic features. HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGERY Habitat delineations could be made accurately in water depths up to 30 meters. Band combinations were selected which optimized benthic habitat information in shallow and deep water and the scenes were converted into RGB composites PHOTOMOSAICS Once all of the photographs were orthorectified, the best segments of each photograph were selected for creation of the final mosaic. Segments of each photograph were selected to minimize sun glint, cloud interference, and turbidity in the final mosaic. Whenever possible, parts of images obscured by sun glint or clouds were replaced with cloud/glint free parts of overlapping images. As a result, most mosaics have few or no clouds or sun glint obscuring bottom features. HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGERY All habitat delineations were completed by a photointerpreter on data that had been processed only to maximize specific band widths for viewing data at varying depths. Color Aerial Photographs Main Hawaiian Islands Collected by NOAA Year 2000 Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Ocean Service (NOS), National Geodetic Survey (NGS) 2000-01-01 Discrete 2000 24000 https://www8.nos.noaa.gov/biogeo_public/aerial/search.aspx Photographs were scanned and orthorectified. | Source Geospatial Form: remote-sensing image | Type of Source Media: paper digital elevation models United States Geological Survey 2001-11-01 Discrete 2001 https://ccma.nos.noaa.gov/products/biogeography/mapping/dems/ Elevation data was used to correct for relief displacement in the photographs. | Source Geospatial Form: vector digital data | Type of Source Media: cartridge tape ground control points Analytical Laboratories of Hawaii 2002-01-01 Range 2001 2002 Fixed ground features visible in the scanned photos were selected for GCPs which were then used to georeference the imagery | Source Geospatial Form: vector digital data | Type of Source Media: various media 1 HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGERY The hyperspectral image data were collected using the AURORA Hyperspectral Imaging data acquisition system (Advanced Power Technologies, Inc). Navigation data were incorporated using the Applanix inertial navigation system. The imaging system was used to collect 72 ten nm bands in the visible and near infrared spectral range at a three meter pixel resolution.The raw data were processed by the Analytical Laboratories of Hawaii, LLC using Research Systems, Inc. ENVI software. Band combinations were selected which optimized benthic habitat information in shallow and deep water and scenes were converted into RGB composites. The hyperspectral images were georeferenced and mosaiced using Scene Stitcher, a stand-along software program produced by Advanced Power Technologies, Inc.PHOTOMOSAICSAerial photographs were acquired for the main Hawaiian Islands Benthic Mapping Projects in 2000 by NOAA Aircraft Operation Centers aircraft and National Geodetic Survey cameras and personnel. Approximately 1,449, color 9x9 inch photos were taken of the coastal waters of the main Hawaiian Islands at a 1:24,000 scale.Prints and diapositives were created from the original negatives. Diapositives were then scanned at a resolution of 500 dpi using a photogrammetric quality scanner, yielding one by one meter pixels for the 1:24,000 scale photography. All scans were saved in TIFF format for the purposes of orthorectification and photointerpretation.Georeferencing/mosaicing of the TIFFs was performed using a variety of softcopy photogrammetric software including Socet Set 4.2.1, Autometric Softplotter, PCI OrthoEngine, and Erdas OrthoBASE. First lens correction parameters were applied to each frame to eliminate image distortion. Airborne kinematic GPS was then used, to provide first order georegistration. Image to image tie-points were then used to further co-register the imagery, especially for photos taken over open water when ground control points were not available. Fixed ground features visible in the scanned photos were selected for ground control points (GCPs) which were then used to georeference imagery. GCPs were measured using a Differentially-corrected Global Positioning System (DGPS). We obtained points with a wide distribution throughout the imagery, especially on peninsulas and outer islands whenever possible since this results in the most accurate registration throughout each image. Only ground control points for terrestrial features were collected due to the difficulty of obtaining precise positions for submerged features. Pre-existing USGS 10-meter digital elevation models were used to correct for relief displacement.Process Date Range is 2000 - 2002 2002-01-01T00:00:00 gov.noaa.nmfs.inport:39332 Tyler Christensen 2017-04-05T12:51:57 SysAdmin InPortAdmin 2025-05-15T19:16:14 2018-02-08 National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science NCCOS 1002 Public No No 2018-02-08 1 Year 2019-02-08