1999 Photomosaics of Puerto Rico and U.S. Virgin Islands Utilized to Map Shallow Water Benthic Habitats of the Region
National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science
Data Set
(DS)
| ID: 39462
| Published / External
Created: 2017-04-05
|
Last Modified: 2023-10-17
Project (PRJ) | ID: 37210
ID: 39462
Data Set (DS)
* Discovery• First Pass
» Metadata Rubric
Item Identification
* » Title | 1999 Photomosaics of Puerto Rico and U.S. Virgin Islands Utilized to Map Shallow Water Benthic Habitats of the Region |
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Short Name | pr_usvi_image_parent |
* Status | Completed |
Creation Date | |
Revision Date | |
• Publication Date | 2001-05-01 |
* » Abstract |
Habitat maps of Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands were created by visual interpretation of aerial photographs using the Habitat Digitizer Extension. Aerial photographs are valuable tools for natural resource managers and researchers since they provide an excellent record of the location and extent of habitats. However, spatial distortions in aerial photographs due to such factors as camera angle, lens characteristics, and relief displacement must be accounted for during analysis to prevent incorrect measurements of area, distance, and other spatial parameters. These distortions of scale within an image can be removed through orthorectification. During orthorectification, digital scans of aerial photos are subjected to algorithms that eliminate each source of spatial distortion. The result is a georeferenced digital mosaic of several photographs with uniform scale throughout the mosaic. Features near land are generally georeferenced with greater accuracy while the accuracy of features away from land is generally not as good. Where no land is in the original photographic frame only kinematic GPS locations and image tie points were used to georeference the images. After the orthorectified mosaics were created, photointerpreters were able to accurately and reliably delineate boundaries of features in the imagery as they appear on the computer monitor. |
* Purpose |
The National Ocean Service is conducting research to digitally map biotic resources and coordinate a long-term monitoring program that can detect and predict change in U.S. coral reefs, and their associated habitats and biological communities. |
Notes |
879 |
Other Citation Details | |
• Supplemental Information | |
DOI (Digital Object Identifier) | |
DOI Registration Authority | |
DOI Issue Date |
Keywords
Theme Keywords
Thesaurus | Keyword |
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ISO 19115 Topic Category | environment |
ISO 19115 Topic Category | imageryBaseMapsEarthCover |
ISO 19115 Topic Category | oceans |
None | aerial photography |
None | benthic |
None | coral |
None | habitat |
None | mangrove |
None | reef |
None | Remotely Sensed Imagery/Photos |
None | SAV |
None | seagrass |
Temporal Keywords
Thesaurus | Keyword |
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* Spatial Keywords
Thesaurus | Keyword |
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None | Buck Island |
None | Culebra |
None | Desecheo |
None | La Parguera |
None | Mona |
None | Puerto Rico |
None | Puerto Rico and U.S. Virgin Islands |
None | St Croix |
None | St John |
None | St Thomas |
None | U.S. Virgin Islands |
None | Vieques |
Stratum Keywords
Thesaurus | Keyword |
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Instrument Keywords
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Platform Keywords
Thesaurus | Keyword |
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Physical Location
• » Organization | National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science |
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• » City | Silver Spring |
• » State/Province | MD |
• Country | |
• » Location Description |
Data Set Information
* Data Set Scope Code | Data Set |
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• Data Set Type | |
• Maintenance Frequency | None Planned |
Maintenance Note | |
» Data Presentation Form | raster digital data |
• Entity Attribute Overview |
Pixel values are MrSID compressions. Data were originally geoTIFF format. |
Entity Attribute Detail Citation |
MrSID Compressed orthorectified images; UTM Zone 19 or UTM Zone 20. |
Entity Attribute Detail URL | |
Distribution Liability |
Data are not to be used for navigation. |
Data Set Credit | National Geophysical Data Center |
Support Roles
* » Support Role | Data Steward |
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* » Date Effective From | 2001-05-01 |
Date Effective To | |
Position | NCCOS Scientific Data Coordinator |
Email Address | NCCOS.data@noaa.gov |
Phone | |
Fax | |
Mobile | |
URL | |
Business Hours | |
Contact Instructions |
* » Support Role | Distributor |
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* » Date Effective From | 2001-05-01 |
Date Effective To | |
Position | NCCOS Scientific Data Coordinator |
Email Address | NCCOS.data@noaa.gov |
Phone | |
Fax | |
Mobile | |
URL | |
Business Hours | |
Contact Instructions |
* » Support Role | Metadata Contact |
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* » Date Effective From | 2001-05-01 |
Date Effective To | |
Position | NCCOS Scientific Data Coordinator |
Email Address | NCCOS.data@noaa.gov |
Phone | |
Fax | |
Mobile | |
URL | |
Business Hours | |
Contact Instructions |
* » Support Role | Point of Contact |
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* » Date Effective From | 2001-05-01 |
Date Effective To | |
Position | NCCOS Scientific Data Coordinator |
Email Address | NCCOS.data@noaa.gov |
Phone | |
Fax | |
Mobile | |
URL | |
Business Hours | |
Contact Instructions |
* » Support Role | Principal Investigator |
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* » Date Effective From | 2001-05-01 |
Date Effective To | |
Person | Kendall, Matt |
Email Address | matt.kendall@noaa.gov |
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URL | |
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Contact Instructions |
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* Contact Instructions |
Extents
Currentness Reference | Publication Date |
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Extent Group 1
Extent Description |
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Extent Group 1 / Geographic Area 1
* » W° Bound | -67.57 |
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* » E° Bound | -64.25 |
* » N° Bound | 18.51 |
* » S° Bound | 17.36 |
* » Description |
Extent Group 1 / Vertical Extent
EPSG Code | |
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Vertical Minimum | |
Vertical Maximum |
Extent Group 1 / Time Frame 1
* » Time Frame Type | Discrete |
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* » Start | 1999-02 |
End | |
Alternate Start As Of Info | |
Alternate End As Of Info | |
Description |
Extent Group 1 / Time Frame 2
* » Time Frame Type | Discrete |
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* » Start | 1999-03 |
End | |
Alternate Start As Of Info | |
Alternate End As Of Info | |
Description |
Extent Group 1 / Time Frame 3
* » Time Frame Type | Discrete |
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* » Start | 1999-12 |
End | |
Alternate Start As Of Info | |
Alternate End As Of Info | |
Description |
Spatial Information
Spatial Resolution
Angular Distance | |
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Angular Distance Units | |
Horizontal Distance | |
Horizontal Distance Units | |
Vertical Distance | |
Vertical Distance Units | |
Equivalent Scale Denominator | |
Level of Detail Description |
Spatial Representation
Grid Representation Used? | Yes |
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Vector Representation Used? | |
Text / Table Representation Used? | |
TIN Representation Used? | |
Stereo Model Representation Used? | |
Video Representation Used? |
Grid Representation
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Vector Representation
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Reference Systems
Reference System
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Access Information
Data License | |
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Data License URL | |
Data License Statement | |
* » Security Class | Unclassified |
* Security Classification System | |
Security Handling Description | |
• Data Access Policy | |
» Data Access Procedure | |
• » Data Access Constraints |
None |
• Data Use Constraints |
None |
Metadata Access Constraints | |
Metadata Use Constraints |
Distribution Information
Start Date | |
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» Download URL | http://ccma.nos.noaa.gov/products/biogeography/benthic/htm/mosaic.aspx |
Distributor | |
File Name | |
Description |
Downloadable Data |
File Date/Time | |
File Type (Deprecated) | MrSID |
Distribution Format | SID-MrSID/Multiresolution Seamless Image DB |
File Size | |
Application Version | |
Compression | |
Review Status |
Start Date | |
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End Date | |
» Download URL | |
Distributor | |
File Name | |
Description | |
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Compression | |
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Compression | |
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» Download URL | |
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FGDC Content Type | |
File Size | |
Application Version | |
Compression | |
Review Status |
Archive Information
Location | |
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File Identifier | |
File Name | |
URL | |
Description | |
DOI | |
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Location | |
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URLs
URL | http://ccma.nos.noaa.gov/products/biogeography/benthic/htm/mosaic.aspx |
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Name | |
URL Type | Online Resource |
File Resource Format | |
Description |
URL | http://ccma.nos.noaa.gov/products/biogeography/benthic/data/ |
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Name | |
URL Type | Online Resource |
File Resource Format | |
Description |
URL | http://ccma.nos.noaa.gov/products/biogeography/benthic/ |
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Name | |
URL Type | Online Resource |
File Resource Format | |
Description |
URL | |
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Description |
Activity Log
Activity Time | 2014-08-13 |
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Activity Type | |
Responsible Party | |
Description |
Date that the source FGDC record was last modified. |
Activity Time | 2017-04-05 |
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Activity Type | |
Responsible Party | |
Description |
Converted from FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata (version FGDC-STD-001-1998) using 'fgdc_to_inport_xml.pl' script. Contact Tyler Christensen (NOS) for details. |
Activity Time | 2017-09-13 |
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Activity Type | |
Responsible Party | |
Description |
Partial upload of Spatial Info section only. |
Activity Time | 2017-11-01 |
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Activity Type | |
Responsible Party | |
Description |
Replaced entire Lineage section to populate new Source Contribution field. |
Activity Time | 2018-02-08 |
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Description |
Partial upload of Positional Accuracy fields only. |
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Issues
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Issue |
Technical Environment
Description |
MrSID Compression, orthorectified aerialphotos |
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Data Quality
Representativeness | |
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Accuracy | |
Analytical Accuracy | |
Horizontal Positional Accuracy |
Horizontal accuracy was determined by solution of Socet Set generated model (RMS less than 1) and by comparison to independent ground control data. x=0.1 +/-3.0, y=0.9 +/-4.4 values are in meters +/- standard deviation |
Vertical Positional Accuracy | |
Quantitation Limits | |
Bias | |
Comparability | |
Completeness Measure |
Cloud Cover: 2 |
Precision | |
Analytical Precision | |
Field Precision | |
Sensitivity | |
Detection Limit | |
Completeness Report |
No color balancing was attempted since this alters color and textural signatures in the original imagery and interferes with the photointerpreter's ability to delineate habitats. As a result mosaics have visible seams between adjacent photos. This provides the photointerpreter with "true color" imagery for maximum ability to identify and delineate benthic features. |
Conceptual Consistency |
Once all of the photographs were orthorectified, the best segments of each photograph were selected for creation of the final mosaic. Segments of each photograph were selected to minimize sun glint, cloud interference, and turbidity in the final mosaic. Where possible, parts of images obscured by sun glint or clouds were replaced with cloud/glint free parts of overlapping images. As a result, most mosaics have few or no clouds or sun glint obscuring bottom features. |
» Quality Control Procedures Employed |
Data Management
» Have Resources for Management of these Data Been Identified? | |
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» Approximate Percentage of Budget for these Data Devoted to Data Management | |
» Do these Data Comply with the Data Access Directive? | |
» Is Access to the Data Limited Based on an Approved Waiver? | |
» If Distributor (Data Hosting Service) is Needed, Please Indicate | |
» Approximate Delay Between Data Collection and Dissemination | |
» If Delay is Longer than Latency of Automated Processing, Indicate Under What Authority Data Access is Delayed |
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» Actual or Planned Long-Term Data Archive Location | |
» If World Data Center or Other, Specify | |
» If To Be Determined, Unable to Archive, or No Archiving Intended, Explain |
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» Approximate Delay Between Data Collection and Archiving | |
» How Will the Data Be Protected from Accidental or Malicious Modification or Deletion Prior to Receipt by the Archive? |
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Lineage
» Lineage Statement |
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Sources
Citation Title | National Geodetic Survey Aerial Photography of Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands, 1999 |
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Contact Role Type | |
Contact Type | |
Contact Name | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Ocean Service (NOS), National Geodetic Survey (NGS) |
Publish Date | 1999-01-01 |
Extent Type | Discrete |
Extent Start Date/Time | 1999 |
Extent End Date/Time | |
Scale Denominator | 48000 |
Citation URL | http://www8.nos.noaa.gov/biogeo_public/aerial/search.aspx |
Citation URL Name | |
Citation URL Description | |
Source Contribution |
NOS aerial photos were used to create orthophoto mosaics | Source Geospatial Form: raster digital data | Type of Source Media: aerial photography and scanned photos |
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Scale Denominator |
Process Steps
Process Step Number | 1 |
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» Description |
Aerial photographs were acquired for Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands Benthic Mapping Project in 1999 by NOAA Aircraft Operation Centers aircraft and National Geodetic Survey cameras and personnel. Approximately 600, color, 9 by 9 inch photos were taken of the coastal waters of Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands at 1:48000 scale. Specific sun angle and maximum percent cloud cover restrictions were adhered to when possible during the photography mission to ensure collection of high quality imagery for the purpose of benthic mapping.Print and diapositives were created from the original negatives. Diapositives were then scanned at a resolution of 500 dots per inch (DPI) using a metric scanner, yielding 2.4 by 2.4 meter pixels for the 1:48000 scale photography. All scans were saved in TIFF format for the purposes of orthorectification and photointerpretation. Georeferencing/mosaicing of the TIFF's was performed using Socet Set Version 4.2.1. Lens correction parameters were applied to each frame to eliminate image distortion. Airborne kinematic GPS was then used when available to provide a first order geolocation. When this information was not available, measurements were made between flightline strips for input into Socet Set to provide preliminary co-registration.Image to image tie-points were then used to further co-register the imagery, especially for photos taken over open water where ground control points were not available. Fixed ground features visible in the scanned photos were selected for ground control points (GCP's) which were then used to georeference the imagery. GCP's were measured using real-time DGPS (differential Global Positioning System). Points were obtained with a wide distribution throughout the imagery, especially on peninsulas and outer islands whenever possible since this results in the most accurate registration throughout each image. Only ground control points for terrestrial features were collected due to difficulty of obtaining precise positions for submerged features.A custom digital terrain model (DTM) was then created using the Socet Set software to correct for feature displacement due to terrain effects. To accomplish this, water features and the shoreline were set to an elevation of zero. Preliminary experimentation revealed that the effects of refraction on the position of submerged features in the imagery were not significant enough to make a correction for underwater displacement according to Snell's law. Selected land elevation points were then inserted from USGS 1:24000 Digital Elevation Models or other elevation data sets where clouds or other sources of interference prevented the Socet Set software from automatically making an accurate DTM.Once the terrain models were complete and a draft orthorectified mosaic was produced, a set of independent ground control points was used to measure the quality of each mosaic's rectification and ensure that it met acceptable limits of horizontal spatial accuracy. If spatial accuracy was not acceptable based on this comparison, additional modifications were made, until a satisfactory mosaic was created for each island. In general, mosaics were georeferenced such that pixels are positioned within one pixel width of their correct location. |
Process Date/Time | 2000-01-01 00:00:00 |
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Acquisition Information
Instruments
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FAQs
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Child Items
Rubric scores updated every 15m
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Related Items
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Catalog Details
Catalog Item ID | 39462 |
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Metadata Record Created By | Tyler Christensen |
Metadata Record Created | 2017-04-05 12:52+0000 |
Metadata Record Last Modified By | SysAdmin InPortAdmin |
» Metadata Record Last Modified | 2023-10-17 16:12+0000 |
Metadata Record Published | 2018-02-08 |
Owner Org | NCCOS |
Metadata Publication Status | Published Externally |
Do Not Publish? | N |
Metadata Workflow State | Published / External |
Metadata Last Review Date | 2018-02-08 |
Metadata Review Frequency | 1 Year |
Metadata Next Review Date | 2019-02-08 |
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