<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<inport-metadata xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
                 version="1.11"
                 source="https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov">
   <item-identification>
      <catalog-item-id>49956</catalog-item-id>
      <title>2006 FEMA Lidar: Rhode Island Coastline</title>
      <short-name>ri2006_fema_coastal_m2570_metadata</short-name>
      <catalog-item-type>Data Set</catalog-item-type>
      <metadata-workflow-state ccs-id="9">Published / External</metadata-workflow-state>
      <parent-catalog-item-id>49401</parent-catalog-item-id>
      <parent-title>Lidar - partner (no harvest)</parent-title>
      <parent-catalog-item-type>Project</parent-catalog-item-type>
      <status>Completed</status>
      <publication-date>2014-12-10</publication-date>
      <abstract>LIDAR data is remotely sensed high-resolution elevation data collected by an airborne collection platform. By positioning laser range finding with the use of 1 second GPS with 100 hz inertial measurement unit corrections; Terrapoint LIDAR instruments are able to make highly detailed geospatial elevation products of the ground, man-made structures and vegetation. The LiDAR flightlines for this project was planned for a 50 percent acquisition overlap. The nominal resolution of this project without overlap is 1.25 m. Four returns were recorded for each pulse in addition to an intensity value. GPS Week Time, Intensity, Flightline and number attributes were provided for each LiDAR point. 
Data is provided as random points, in LAS format, classified according to ASPRS Class Code 2=Ground 1=Undefined.</abstract>
      <purpose>The purpose of this LiDAR data was to produce high accuracy 3D elevation based geospatial products for coastal flood mapping. The following regions of Rhode Island are included in this project:
New Shoram - 29 square kilometers, North Kingston - 30 square kilometers, Westerly Charleston - 60 square kilometers</purpose>
      <notes>10600</notes>
      <other-citation-details>Project Area = 119 square kilometers
Type Of Scanner = Optech 3100EA
Data Acquisition Height = 1550 meters AGL
Scanner Field Of View = 46 degrees
Scan Frequency = 30.8 Hertz
Pulse Repetition Rate = 71 Kilohertz
Aircraft Speed = 150 Knots
Swath Width = 1316 m
Nominal Ground Sample Distance = 1.25 meters (no overlap)
Number of Returns Per Pulse = 4 (last)
Distance Between Flight Lines = 658m</other-citation-details>
      <supplemental-information>A footprint of this data set may be viewed in Google Earth at: https://noaa-nos-coastal-lidar-pds.s3.amazonaws.com/laz/geoid18/2570/supplemental/ri2006_fema_coastal_m2570.kmz
The project report of this data set may be viewed in Google Earth at: https://noaa-nos-coastal-lidar-pds.s3.amazonaws.com/laz/geoid18/2570/supplemental/ri2006_fema_coastal_m2570_lidarreport.pdf
The survey report of this data set may be viewed in Google Earth at: https://noaa-nos-coastal-lidar-pds.s3.amazonaws.com/laz/geoid18/2570/supplemental/ri2006_fema_coastal_m2570_surveyreport.pdf</supplemental-information>
   </item-identification>
   <keywords>
      <keyword controlled="Yes">
         <keyword-type>Theme</keyword-type>
         <thesaurus>ISO 19115 Topic Category</thesaurus>
         <keyword>elevation</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Theme</keyword-type>
         <keyword>Land Surface</keyword>
      </keyword>
   </keywords>
   <physical-location>
      <organization>Office for Coastal Management</organization>
      <city>Charleston</city>
      <state-province>SC</state-province>
   </physical-location>
   <data-set-information>
      <data-set-scope-code>Data Set</data-set-scope-code>
      <maintenance-frequency>None Planned</maintenance-frequency>
      <data-presentation-form>las</data-presentation-form>
      <entity-attribute-overview>LiDAR point data in LAS 1.0 format
ASPRS cassfication scheme (1 = undefined; 2 = ground) contains the following fields of information:
Class, GPS WeekTime, Easting, Northing, Elevation, Echo, Number, Echo, Intensity, Flightline</entity-attribute-overview>
      <entity-attribute-detail-citation>none</entity-attribute-detail-citation>
      <distribution-liability>Any conclusions drawn from the analysis of this information are not the responsibility of TerraPoint, RIGID, NOAA, the Office for Coastal Management or its partners.</distribution-liability>
   </data-set-information>
   <entity-attribute-information partial-listing="No" total-count="0"/>
   <support-roles>
      <support-role cc-id="684787" in-effect="Yes">
         <support-role-type>Data Steward</support-role-type>
         <from-date>2014-12-10</from-date>
         <contact-type>Organization</contact-type>
         <contact-name>NOAA Office for Coastal Management</contact-name>
         <contact-noaa-acronym>NOAA/OCM</contact-noaa-acronym>
         <contact-email>coastal.info@noaa.gov</contact-email>
         <contact-address>2234 South Hobson Ave</contact-address>
         <contact-address-city>Charleston</contact-address-city>
         <contact-address-state>SC</contact-address-state>
         <contact-address-zip>29405-2413</contact-address-zip>
         <contact-phone-number>(843) 740-1202</contact-phone-number>
         <contact-url>https://coast.noaa.gov</contact-url>
         <contact-url-description>NOAA Office for Coastal Management Home Page</contact-url-description>
         <contact-url-function>Online Resource</contact-url-function>
      </support-role>
      <support-role cc-id="684789" in-effect="Yes">
         <support-role-type>Distributor</support-role-type>
         <from-date>2014-12-10</from-date>
         <contact-type>Organization</contact-type>
         <contact-name>NOAA Office for Coastal Management</contact-name>
         <contact-noaa-acronym>NOAA/OCM</contact-noaa-acronym>
         <contact-email>coastal.info@noaa.gov</contact-email>
         <contact-address>2234 South Hobson Ave</contact-address>
         <contact-address-city>Charleston</contact-address-city>
         <contact-address-state>SC</contact-address-state>
         <contact-address-zip>29405-2413</contact-address-zip>
         <contact-phone-number>(843) 740-1202</contact-phone-number>
         <contact-url>https://coast.noaa.gov</contact-url>
         <contact-url-description>NOAA Office for Coastal Management Home Page</contact-url-description>
         <contact-url-function>Online Resource</contact-url-function>
      </support-role>
      <support-role cc-id="684790" in-effect="Yes">
         <support-role-type>Metadata Contact</support-role-type>
         <from-date>2014-12-10</from-date>
         <contact-type>Organization</contact-type>
         <contact-name>NOAA Office for Coastal Management</contact-name>
         <contact-noaa-acronym>NOAA/OCM</contact-noaa-acronym>
         <contact-email>coastal.info@noaa.gov</contact-email>
         <contact-address>2234 South Hobson Ave</contact-address>
         <contact-address-city>Charleston</contact-address-city>
         <contact-address-state>SC</contact-address-state>
         <contact-address-zip>29405-2413</contact-address-zip>
         <contact-phone-number>(843) 740-1202</contact-phone-number>
         <contact-url>https://coast.noaa.gov</contact-url>
         <contact-url-description>NOAA Office for Coastal Management Home Page</contact-url-description>
         <contact-url-function>Online Resource</contact-url-function>
      </support-role>
      <support-role cc-id="684788" in-effect="Yes">
         <support-role-type>Point of Contact</support-role-type>
         <from-date>2014-12-10</from-date>
         <contact-type>Organization</contact-type>
         <contact-name>NOAA Office for Coastal Management</contact-name>
         <contact-noaa-acronym>NOAA/OCM</contact-noaa-acronym>
         <contact-email>coastal.info@noaa.gov</contact-email>
         <contact-address>2234 South Hobson Ave</contact-address>
         <contact-address-city>Charleston</contact-address-city>
         <contact-address-state>SC</contact-address-state>
         <contact-address-zip>29405-2413</contact-address-zip>
         <contact-phone-number>(843) 740-1202</contact-phone-number>
         <contact-url>https://coast.noaa.gov</contact-url>
         <contact-url-description>NOAA Office for Coastal Management Home Page</contact-url-description>
         <contact-url-function>Online Resource</contact-url-function>
      </support-role>
   </support-roles>
   <extents>
      <currentness-reference>Ground Condition</currentness-reference>
      <extent cc-id="1134679">
         <geographic-areas>
            <geographic-area cc-id="1134681">
               <west-bound>-71.898698</west-bound>
               <east-bound>-71.401523</east-bound>
               <north-bound>41.654748</north-bound>
               <south-bound>41.146134</south-bound>
            </geographic-area>
         </geographic-areas>
         <time-frames>
            <time-frame cc-id="1134680">
               <time-frame-type>Range</time-frame-type>
               <start-date-time>2006-12-16</start-date-time>
               <end-date-time>2006-12-18</end-date-time>
            </time-frame>
         </time-frames>
      </extent>
   </extents>
   <spatial-information>
      <spatial-representation>
         <representations-used>
            <vector>Yes</vector>
         </representations-used>
      </spatial-representation>
   </spatial-information>
   <access-information>
      <security-class>Unclassified</security-class>
      <data-access-procedure>This data can be obtained on-line at the following URL:
https://coast.noaa.gov/dataviewer/#/lidar/search/where:ID=2570;</data-access-procedure>
      <data-access-constraints>None</data-access-constraints>
      <data-use-constraints>Any conclusions from results of the analysis of this LiDAR are not the responsibility of Terrapoint. The LiDAR data was thoroughly visually verified to represent the true ground conditions at time of collection. Users should be aware of this limitations of this dataset if using for critical applications.</data-use-constraints>
   </access-information>
   <distribution-information>
      <distribution cc-id="742292">
         <download-url>https://coast.noaa.gov/dataviewer/#/lidar/search/where:ID=2570</download-url>
         <file-name>Customized Download</file-name>
         <description>Create custom data files by choosing data area, product type, map projection, file format, datum, etc.</description>
      </distribution>
      <distribution cc-id="742293">
         <download-url>https://noaa-nos-coastal-lidar-pds.s3.amazonaws.com/laz/geoid18/2570/index.html</download-url>
         <file-name>Bulk Download</file-name>
         <description>Simple download of data files.</description>
      </distribution>
   </distribution-information>
   <urls>
      <url cc-id="742297">
         <url>https://noaa-nos-coastal-lidar-pds.s3.amazonaws.com/laz/geoid18/2570/supplemental/ri2006_fema_coastal_m2570.kmz</url>
         <name>Browse Graphic</name>
         <url-type>Browse Graphic</url-type>
         <file-resource-format>kmz</file-resource-format>
         <description>This graphic shows the lidar coverage for the 2006 FEMA project for the coastal regions of Rhode Island in Washington County.</description>
      </url>
      <url cc-id="742296">
         <url>https://coast.noaa.gov</url>
         <url-type>Online Resource</url-type>
      </url>
      <url cc-id="742295">
         <url>https://coast.noaa.gov/dataviewer</url>
         <url-type>Online Resource</url-type>
      </url>
   </urls>
   <activity-logs>
      <activity-log cc-id="684804">
         <activity-date-time>2016-07-28</activity-date-time>
         <description>Date that the source FGDC record was last modified.</description>
      </activity-log>
      <activity-log cc-id="684803">
         <activity-date-time>2017-11-14</activity-date-time>
         <description>Converted from FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata (version FGDC-STD-001-1998) using 'fgdc_to_inport_xml.pl' script. Contact Tyler Christensen (NOS) for details.</description>
      </activity-log>
      <activity-log cc-id="718556">
         <activity-date-time>2018-02-08</activity-date-time>
         <description>Partial upload of Positional Accuracy fields only.</description>
      </activity-log>
      <activity-log cc-id="742294">
         <activity-date-time>2018-03-13</activity-date-time>
         <description>Partial upload to move data access links to Distribution Info.</description>
      </activity-log>
   </activity-logs>
   <data-quality>
      <horizontal-positional-accuracy>Compiled to meet 3 foot horizontal accuracy at the 95 percent confidence level (near 1.0 m)</horizontal-positional-accuracy>
      <vertical-positional-accuracy>0.2; Quantitative Value: 0.2 meters, Test that produced the value: Tested 0.39 feet vertical accuracy at 95 percent confidence level using Terrapoint internal check points.
Dewberry independently tested this LiDAR dataset 0.20 ft vertical accuracy at 95% confidence level in open terrain, based on open terrain RMSEz (0.10ft) x 1.9600; tested 0.35ft vertical accuracy at 95% confidence level in all land cover categories combined, based on consolidated RMSEz (0.18ft) x 1.9600.</vertical-positional-accuracy>
      <completeness-report>Complete</completeness-report>
      <conceptual-consistency>All LiDAR files delivered were verified and tested to ensure they open and are positioned properly.</conceptual-consistency>
   </data-quality>
   <lineage>
      <lineage-process-steps>
         <lineage-process-step cc-id="1134675">
            <sequence-number>1</sequence-number>
            <description>- Airborne GPS Kinematic
Airborne GPS kinematic data was processed on-site using GrafNav kinematic On-The-Fly (OTF) software. Flights were flown with a minimum of 6 satellites in view (13o above the horizon) and with a PDOP of better than 4.5. Distances from base station to aircraft were kept to a maximum of 35 km, to ensure a strong OTF (On-The-Fly) solution. For all flights, the GPS data can be classified as excellent, with GPS residuals of 5cm average but no larger than 12 cm being recorded.
- Calculation of 3D laser points (raw data)
The post-processing software to derive X, Y, Z values from roll, pitch, yaw, and range is Optech's Realm. 
Data 
- Classification and Editing 
The data was processed using the software TerraScan, and following the methodology described herein. The  initial step is the setup of the TerraScan project, which is done by importing client provided tile boundary index encompassing the entire project areas. The 3D laser point clouds, in binary format, were imported into the TerraScan project and divided in 325 tiles, as per the contract specifications. tiled, the laser points were classified using a proprietary routine in TerraScan. This routine removes any obvious outliers from the dataset following which the ground layer is extracted from the point cloud. The ground extraction process encompassed in this routine takes place by building an iterative surface model. This surface model is generated using three main parameters: building size, iteration angle and iteration distance. The initial model is based on low points being selected by a "roaming window" with the assumption is that these are the ground points. The size of this roaming window is determined by the building size parameter. The low points are triangulated and the remaining points are evaluated and subsequently added to the model if they meet the iteration angle and distance constraints. This process is repeated until no additional points are added within an iteration. 
A second critical parameter is the maximum terrain angle constraint, which determines the maximum terrain angle allowed within the classification model. The data is then manually quality controlled with the use of
hillshading, cross-sections and profiles. Any points found to be of class vegetation, building or error during the quality control process, are removed from the ground model and placed on the appropriate layer. An integrity check is also performed simultaneously to verify that ground features such as rock cuts, elevated roads and crests are present. Once data has been cleaned and complete, it is then reviewed by
a supervisor via manual inspection and through the use of a hillshade mosaic of the entire project area.
- Projection Transformation
The data was processed in the native UTM zone in meters and then transformed to the Rhode Island State Plane final projection system and US survey feet using an in-house transformation software which uses the Coorpscon DLL.</description>
            <process-date-time>2007-02-01T00:00:00</process-date-time>
         </lineage-process-step>
         <lineage-process-step cc-id="1134676">
            <sequence-number>2</sequence-number>
            <description>- General Overview
The Airborne LiDAR survey was conducted using an OPTECH 3100EA flying at a nominal height of 1550 meters AGL with a total angular coverage of 40 degrees. Flight line spacing was nominally 564 meters providing overlap of 50% on adjacent flight lines. Lines were flown in east/west and north/south orientated blocks to best optimize flying time considering the layout for the project.
- Aircraft
A Piper Navajo, registration C-FQQB was used for the survey. This aircraft has a flight range of approximately 6.5 hours and was flown at an average altitude of 1550, thereby encountering flying altitudes of approximately 1550 meters above sea level (ASL). The aircraft was staged from the East Haven CT Airport, and ferried daily to the project site for flight operations.
- GPS Receivers
A combination of Sokkia GSR 2600 and NovAtel DL-4+ dual frequency GPS receivers were used to support the airborne operations of this survey and to establish the GPS control network.
- Number of Flights and Flight Lines
For both Connecticut and Rhode Island Coastline Sites; a total of 6 missions were flown for this project with flight times ranging approximately 31 hours under good meteorological and GPS conditions. 33 flight lines were flown over the Connecticut Coastline site to provide complete coverage.</description>
            <process-date-time>2006-12-01T00:00:00</process-date-time>
         </lineage-process-step>
         <lineage-process-step cc-id="1134677">
            <sequence-number>3</sequence-number>
            <description>Quantitative vertical positional accuracy assessment:
Independent accuracy testing was performed by Dewberry &amp; Davis using 20 high accuracy quality control checkpoints distributed throughout the project in four major land cover types (open terrain, weeds/crops, forest, urban) . Dewberry used testing procedures consistent with those specified in the National Standard for Spatial Data Accuracy (NSSDA) as well as LiDAR accuracy testing guidelines and specifications published by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA),  National Digital Elevation Program (NDEP), and American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (ASPRS).</description>
            <process-date-time>2007-08-01T00:00:00</process-date-time>
         </lineage-process-step>
         <lineage-process-step cc-id="1134678">
            <sequence-number>4</sequence-number>
            <description>The NOAA Office for Coastal Management (OCM) received topographic LAS files as part of the USGS CLICK elevation data shipment. The files contained lidar easting, northing, elevation, as well as ancillary collection attributes.  The data were received in Rhode Island State Plane Zone 3800, NAD83 coordinates and were vertically referenced to NAVD88 using the Geoid03 model. The vertical and horizontal units of the data were in U.S. feet. OCM performed the following processing for data storage and Digital Coast provisioning purposes: 
1. The LAS files were converted from feet to meters, removing erroneous elevations. 
2. The LAS files were converted from orthometric (NAVD88) heights to ellipsoidal heights using the Geoid03 model.
3. The LAS files were converted from a Projected Coordinate System (RI Zone 3800h) to a Geographic Coordinate system with decimal degree units.</description>
            <process-date-time>2007-08-01T00:00:00</process-date-time>
         </lineage-process-step>
      </lineage-process-steps>
   </lineage>
   <catalog-details>
      <guid>gov.noaa.nmfs.inport:49956</guid>
      <metadata-record-created-by pers-id="19064">Anne Ball</metadata-record-created-by>
      <metadata-record-created>2017-11-15T15:23:23</metadata-record-created>
      <metadata-record-last-modified-by pers-id="0">SysAdmin InPortAdmin</metadata-record-last-modified-by>
      <metadata-record-last-modified>2022-08-09T17:11:38</metadata-record-last-modified>
      <record-published>2022-03-16</record-published>
      <owner-organization>OCM Partners</owner-organization>
      <owner-organization-acronym>OCMP</owner-organization-acronym>
      <owner-organization-address/>
      <owner-organization-address-city/>
      <owner-organization-address-state/>
      <owner-organization-address-zip/>
      <owner-organization-address-country/>
      <owner-organization-phone/>
      <owner-organization-url/>
      <owner-organization-business-hours/>
      <owner-organization-group-id>1002</owner-organization-group-id>
      <publication-status>Public</publication-status>
      <limited-metadata-available>No</limited-metadata-available>
      <is-do-not-publish>No</is-do-not-publish>
      <metadata-last-review-date>2022-03-16</metadata-last-review-date>
      <metadata-review-frequency>1 Year</metadata-review-frequency>
      <metadata-next-review-date>2023-03-16</metadata-next-review-date>
   </catalog-details>
</inport-metadata>
