Tropical Cyclone Wind Exposure for the Eastern Pacific 1900-2016
Office for Coastal Management
Data Set
(DS)
| ID: 54195
| Published / External
Created: 2018-10-16
|
Last Modified: 2023-05-30
Project (PRJ) | ID: 37232
ID: 54195
Data Set (DS)
* Discovery• First Pass
» Metadata Rubric
Item Identification
* » Title | Tropical Cyclone Wind Exposure for the Eastern Pacific 1900-2016 |
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Short Name | |
* Status | Completed |
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• Publication Date | |
* » Abstract |
These data represent modeled, historical exposure of U.S. offshore, coastal, and international waters to tropical cyclone activity within the Eastern Pacific Ocean basin (1900-2016). BOEM Outer Continental Shelf Lease Blocks were used to construct the grid by which exposure was quantified. Exposure was quantified using intersecting storm tracks, overlapping wind intensity areas, and mathematical return intervals. Symbology is based on the modeled occurrence of tropical storm force (34-knot) or greater winds per lease block. Due to the way winds were calculated differently over land and over water, the interpretation of wind exposure metrics within coastal areas should be interpreted carefully. Data represent past climatology only and do not suggest predicted future impacts or exposure. |
* Purpose |
To support ocean planning activities pursuant to the Executive Order Regarding the Ocean Policy to Advance the Economic, Security, and Environmental Interests of the United States, the Energy Policy Act, the National Environmental Policy Act, the Rivers and Harbors Act, and the Coastal Zone Management Act. |
Notes | |
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• Supplemental Information | |
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Keywords
Theme Keywords
Thesaurus | Keyword |
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Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords | EARTH SCIENCE > HUMAN DIMENSIONS > ENVIRONMENTAL GOVERNANCE/MANAGEMENT |
ISO 19115 Topic Category | climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere |
ISO 19115 Topic Category | oceans |
ISO 19115 Topic Category | planningCadastre |
None | coastal |
None | extratropical storm |
None | hurricane |
None | oceans |
None | planning |
None | renewable energy |
None | tropical cyclone |
None | tropical storm |
Temporal Keywords
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* Spatial Keywords
Thesaurus | Keyword |
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Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords | CONTINENT > NORTH AMERICA > UNITED STATES OF AMERICA |
None | Exclusive Economic Zone |
None | Outer Continental Shelf |
None | Territorial Sea |
None | United States of America |
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Physical Location
• » Organization | |
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• » City | Charleston |
• » State/Province | SC |
• Country | |
• » Location Description |
Data Set Information
* Data Set Scope Code | Data Set |
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• Data Set Type | |
• Maintenance Frequency | As Needed |
Maintenance Note | |
» Data Presentation Form | |
• Entity Attribute Overview | |
Entity Attribute Detail Citation | |
Entity Attribute Detail URL | |
Distribution Liability |
https://www.marinecadastre.gov/about/disclaimer.html |
Data Set Credit | Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, NOAA Office for Coastal Management |
Support Roles
* » Support Role | Point of Contact |
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* » Date Effective From | 2018-06 |
Date Effective To | |
Organization | NOAA Office for Coastal Management (NOAA/OCM) |
Address |
2234 South Hobson Ave Charleston, SC 29405-2413 |
Email Address | coastal.info@noaa.gov |
Phone | (843) 740-1202 |
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Mobile | |
URL | https://coast.noaa.gov |
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Extents
Currentness Reference | Publication Date |
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Extent Group 1
Extent Description |
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Extent Group 1 / Geographic Area 1
* » W° Bound | -115.96093920878 |
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* » E° Bound | -179.99998590213 |
* » N° Bound | 74.99635398335 |
* » S° Bound | 15.95616534695 |
* » Description |
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Spatial Information
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Access Information
* » Security Class | Unclassified |
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* Security Classification System | |
Security Handling Description | |
• Data Access Policy | |
» Data Access Procedure | |
• » Data Access Constraints | |
• Data Use Constraints |
For coastal and ocean planning |
Metadata Access Constraints | |
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Distribution Information
Start Date | |
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» Download URL | https://marinecadastre.gov/data/ |
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MarineCadastre.gov Data Registry |
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» Download URL | https://marinecadastre.gov/downloads/data/mc/TropicalCycloneWindExposure.zip |
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Technical Environment
Description |
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Data Quality
Representativeness | |
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Accuracy |
The attributes in this dataset are believed to be accurate. |
Analytical Accuracy | |
Horizontal Positional Accuracy |
Maximum scale of intended use is 1:80,000. |
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Completeness Report |
Spatial and attribute properties are believed to be complete, although attribute information has been simplified. Geometric thresholds from original data are preserved. No tests have been completed for exhaustiveness. |
Conceptual Consistency |
These data are believed to be logically consistent. Geometry is topologically clean. |
» Quality Control Procedures Employed |
Data Management
» Have Resources for Management of these Data Been Identified? | |
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» Do these Data Comply with the Data Access Directive? | |
» Is Access to the Data Limited Based on an Approved Waiver? | |
» If Distributor (Data Hosting Service) is Needed, Please Indicate | |
» Approximate Delay Between Data Collection and Dissemination | |
» If Delay is Longer than Latency of Automated Processing, Indicate Under What Authority Data Access is Delayed |
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» Actual or Planned Long-Term Data Archive Location | |
» If World Data Center or Other, Specify | |
» If To Be Determined, Unable to Archive, or No Archiving Intended, Explain |
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» Approximate Delay Between Data Collection and Archiving | |
» How Will the Data Be Protected from Accidental or Malicious Modification or Deletion Prior to Receipt by the Archive? |
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Lineage
» Lineage Statement |
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Sources
Citation Title | Extended Best Track (EBT) |
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Contact Role Type | |
Contact Type | |
Contact Name | NOAA National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service (NESDIS) |
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Citation URL | http://rammb.cira.colostate.edu/research/tropical_cyclones/tc_extended_best_track_dataset/ |
Citation URL Name | Source Online Linkage |
Citation URL Description |
URL where the source data were originally accessed. |
Source Contribution |
Provided Extended Best Track (EBT) storm points data used for calculating climatology buffers (MEWs). |
Citation Title | International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship (IBTrACS) |
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Contact Role Type | |
Contact Type | |
Contact Name | NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) |
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Citation URL | https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/ibtracs/index.php?name=ibtracs-data |
Citation URL Name | Source Online Linkage |
Citation URL Description |
URL where the source data were originally accessed. |
Source Contribution |
Provided tropical cyclone storm segments data. |
Citation Title | Outer Continental Shelf Lease Blocks and Protraction Diagrams |
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Contact Name | Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) |
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Citation URL | https://marinecadastre.gov/data/ |
Citation URL Name | Source Online Linkage |
Citation URL Description |
URL where the source data were originally accessed. |
Source Contribution |
Contributed lease block and protraction diagram data and information. |
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Process Steps
Process Step Number | 1 |
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» Description |
CREATE THE GRID 1. Within the Pacific Ocean basin, download the OCS lease blocks as the grid by which exposure will be modeled. 2. Remove all unnecessary fields and modify attributes as needed. |
Process Date/Time | 2018-08-01 00:00:00 |
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Source |
Process Step Number | 2 |
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» Description |
CLIMATOLOGY STEPS (MEW calculations) 3. Using the Extended Best Track (EBT) dataset (NOTE: this is an Atlantic Ocean basin data set), calculate the Maximum Extent of Winds (MEW) values following these steps. MEW are wind radii distances per standard wind threshold (34kt, 50kt, 64kt). 4. From http://rammb.cira.colostate.edu/research/tropical_cyclones/tc_extended_best_track_dataset/data/ebtrk_atlc_1988_2016.txt, right-click and save the EBT data (1988-2016) as a text file and open in Excel, setting custom fixed-width columns within the import wizard. Insert missing column breaks where necessary and set the width carefully, capturing the appropriate characters per column. Save file. 5. Assign each column a field name based on metadata here: (http://rammb.cira.colostate.edu/research/tropical_cyclones/tc_extended_best_track_dataset/docs/ebtrk_readme.txt). 6. Remove all EBT features in which storm type equals L, W, or D. (NOTE: No storm type values of 'D' were noted in the EBT data, even though the designation is stated within the metadata.) 7. Remove -99 values within fields. 8. Remove features if wind radii values in all four quadrants are zero. Per feature, even if only one of the four quadrants (per wind threshold) has a value above zero, retain the zero values in the other three cells for that wind threshold. 9. Remove all features with maximum wind values below 34 knots. (By definition, no wind radii values exist for EBT features with maximum winds below 34 knots, so these features are not relevant for MEW calculations.) 10. Modify the "longitudeWest" column by converting the values to negative values, so that features will plot appropriately (i.e. in the eastern hemisphere). Where necessary, convert longitude values within the eastern hemisphere by subtracting the value from 360. 11. Add the modified EBT data to ArcMap and export table as feature class. 12. Perform Select By Location, where all EBT points occurring over land (using a global countries layer) are selected. Include a 150nm buffer of the countries layer (with small islands removed) to select those EBT points occurring over land. (This is based on tropical cyclone literature, from Kruk 2010.) Export these selected features as a new feature class. These features will be used to calculate the average MEW values (buffer distances) for overland storm track segments. Switch the selection to select those features over water only. Export these selected features as a new feature class. These features will be used to calculate the average MEW values (buffer distances) for overwater storm track segments. If any overwater points exist over the Pacific Ocean basin, remove these. 13. For the overwater feature class, generate (storm) "category" values in a new field, based on wind speed values (see https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/aboutsshws.php). Due to the low sample of Cat 5 storms (1988-2016 = 28 points), combine these storms' (EBT points) wind radii values with the Cat 4 points when calculating MEW. 14. For the overland feature class, generate (storm) "category" values in a new field, based on wind speed values (see https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/aboutsshws.php). Due to the low sample of Cat 5 storms (1988-2016 = 24 points), combine these storms' (EBT points) wind radii values with the Cat 4 points when calculating MEWs. 15. Calculate MEW values per category for the overwater and overland features (separately) and record in a table. Compute averages for right (northeast, southeast) and left (northwest, southwest) quadrants. 16. Multiply all values by 0.67 to compute buffers for Eastern Pacific (EPAC) storms. This calculation is based on literature that has compared tropical cyclone sizes across global basins. This literature notes that wind swaths of EPAC tropical storms are approximately 33% smaller than North Atlantic tropical storms. (NOTE: size proportions between the North Atlantic and Eastern Pacific storms are variable within the literature.) |
Process Date/Time | 2018-08-01 00:00:00 |
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Process Step Number | 3 |
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» Description |
STORM TRACKS STEPS 17. Extract those features in the IBTrACS data that are: 1) attributed to the Eastern Pacific (EP) basin; 2) occur in or after 1900; and 3) have maximum wind values above 33 knots. 18. Extract those features that are attributed as extratropical (ET), subtropical (SS), or tropical (TS). The Eastern Pacific only had one feature denoted at subtropical, so it was removed and not included in the exposure modeling. 19. Feature (segments) from EPAC that crossed the International Dateline were trimmed, as these features cause issues when running the buffer tool in subsequent steps. 20. Create a (storm) "Category" field. For features that are tropical storms ('TS'), modify the field value to the appropriate category, based on wind speed (see https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/aboutsshws.php). Also designate features as 'ET', 'SS', or 'TS' accordingly. 21. Separate the overland and overwater storm segments into separate feature classes. Do this by extracting all segments "completely contained" within the "land + 150nm buffer" layer. (NOTE: This was only done for the North Atlantic segments. The vast majority of Eastern Pacific segments (about 99%) within BOEM's Pacific lease blocks do not occur over land. Additionally, the MEW values for segments that do intersect land (i.e. Hawaiian Islands) compared to MEW values over water would be very minimal.) 22. Separate EPAC storm segments by the seven categories (SS, ET, TS, 1, 2, 3, 4/5) into separate layers. (NOTE: For the ET, SS, and TS subsets, make additional subsets of these for the following segments: a) segments =34-49kt; b) segments =50-63kt; and c) segments >=64kt. This is required since not every ET, SS, and TS segment has winds greater than 50kt or 64kt, like Cat 1-Cat 5 segments do by definition.) |
Process Date/Time | 2018-08-01 00:00:00 |
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Process Step Number | 4 |
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» Description |
MODELING EXPOSURE 23. Buffer each (Eastern Pacific) subset (Cat 1, Cat 2, etc.) based on the respective MEW calculations (34 data sets total). Set Side Type field to right or left, depending on the buffer being run. Merge respective wind speed buffers (34kt, 50kt, 64kt) and then dissolve by storm ID (Serial_Num), storm name (Name), and season (Season). 24. Perform Spatial Join of the composite grid and buffers (34kt, 50kt, 64kt) to generate wind threshold counts per grid cell. 25. Perform Spatial Join of the composite grid and IBTrACS storm segments to generate storm segment counts per block. 26. Join count values of all outputs (34kt, 50kt, 64kt, and segments) together, based on the gridID field. 27. Calculate an average "return interval" value (117 years / count) per grid cell for each wind threshold (34kt, 50kt, 64kt). 28. Remove all unnecessary fields and populate others according to data dictionary. |
Process Date/Time | 2018-09-01 00:00:00 |
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Acquisition Information
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Child Items
Rubric scores updated every 15m
Score | Type | Title |
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Entity (ENT) | Tropical Cyclone Wind Exposure (Eastern Pacific, 1900-2016) | |
Related Items
Item Type | Relationship Type | Title |
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Catalog Details
Catalog Item ID | 54195 |
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Metadata Record Created By | Anna Verrill |
Metadata Record Created | 2018-10-16 17:59+0000 |
Metadata Record Last Modified By | SysAdmin InPortAdmin |
» Metadata Record Last Modified | 2023-05-30 18:09+0000 |
Metadata Record Published | 2018-10-30 |
Owner Org | OCM |
Metadata Publication Status | Published Externally |
Do Not Publish? | N |
Metadata Workflow State | Published / External |
Metadata Last Review Date | 2018-10-30 |
Metadata Review Frequency | 1 Year |
Metadata Next Review Date | 2019-10-30 |
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