54217
Seafloor substrate (hard and soft bottom) maps derived from satellite imagery for the islands and atolls of the Pacific Remote Island Areas
Hard Soft Substrate: Satellite Image
Data Set
Published / External
12598
Geomorphology
Project
Completed
2018
2018
Seafloor substrate (i.e., hard vs. soft bottom) from 0 to up to 30 m depths around islands/atolls in Pacific Remote Island Areas produced by the NOAA Ecosystem Sciences Division (ESD). The islands/atolls include Howland, Baker, Jarvis, Kingman Reef, Palmyra Atoll, Johnston Atoll, Wake Atoll. This is a preliminary product derived from an unsupervised classification of depth-invariant indices prepared from high resolution satellite images. Unsupervised classification segmented the indices into multiple classes, and the binary substrate map was produced by mapping interpreter's informed judgments in attributing the predicted classes. Where required, area-specific class attribution and minor manual editing were undertaken to remove inaccurate predictions.
Hard and soft seafloor maps were initially requested by the NOAA Pacific Islands Regional Office (PIRO) Protected Resources Division to assist with management of 15 coral species that occur in the Indo-Pacific and are listed threatened under the Endangered Species Act. Some of these coral species are known to be found in American Samoa, the Mariana Archipelago, and the Pacific Remote Island Areas. As part of the effort, the shallow water hard and soft seafloor maps for the Pacific Remote Islands were newly generated where no such information existed in the region except for Palmyra Atoll. The effort is funded by the NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program.
In addition, along with the deeper water hard and soft seafloor maps, these maps are included in the Pacific Remote Islands Marine National Monument monitoring report, which is being developed in 2018 for NOAA Pacific Islands Regional Office (PIRO) Marine National Monument Program. The effort is funded by the NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program and NOAA PIRO.
Theme
ISO 19115 Topic Category
biota
Theme
ISO 19115 Topic Category
oceans
Theme
CRCP Project
Mapping and EcoSpatial Information Products to Support Coral Reef Ecosystem Management in the Pacific Islands Region
Theme
CoRIS Discovery Thesaurus
Geographic Information > Habitats
Theme
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus
EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Aquatic Habitat > Benthic Habitat
Theme
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus
EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Aquatic Habitat > Reef Habitat
Theme
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus
EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Mapping > Habitat Mapping
Theme
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus
EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Mapping > geomorphology Mapping
Theme
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus
EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Bathymetry/Seafloor Topography > Hard Seafloor Substrate
Theme
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus
EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Bathymetry/Seafloor Topography > Soft Seafloor Substrate
Theme
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus
EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs
Theme
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus
EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs > Coral Reef Ecology > Habitats
Theme
NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS
SUBSTRATE DESCRIPTION
Theme
NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS
GIS product
Theme
NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS
benthic
Theme
NODC PROJECT NAMES THESAURUS
Coral Reef Conservation Program
Theme
NODC SUBMITTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS
US DOC; NOAA; NMFS; Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center; Ecosystem Sciences Division
Theme
CRED
Theme
CREP
Theme
Coral Reef Ecosystem Division
Theme
Coral Reef Ecosystem Program
Theme
ESD
Theme
Ecosystem Sciences Division
Theme
PIFSC
Theme
Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center
Spatial
CoRIS Place Thesaurus
COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > USA Minor Outlying Islands > Baker Island (00N176W0001)
Spatial
CoRIS Place Thesaurus
COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > USA Minor Outlying Islands > Howland Island (00S176W0001)
Spatial
CoRIS Place Thesaurus
COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > USA Minor Outlying Islands > Jarvis Island (00S160W0001)
Spatial
CoRIS Place Thesaurus
COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > USA Minor Outlying Islands > Johnston Atoll (16N169W0001)
Spatial
CoRIS Place Thesaurus
COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > USA Minor Outlying Islands > Kingman Reef (06N162W0001)
Spatial
CoRIS Place Thesaurus
COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > USA Minor Outlying Islands > Palmyra Atoll (05N162W0001)
Spatial
CoRIS Place Thesaurus
COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > USA Minor Outlying Islands > Wake Atoll (19N167E0001)
Spatial
CoRIS Place Thesaurus
OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Baker Island > Baker Island (00N176W0001)
Spatial
CoRIS Place Thesaurus
OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Howland Island > Howland Island (00S176W0001)
Spatial
CoRIS Place Thesaurus
OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Johnston Atoll > Johnston Atoll (16N169W0001)
Spatial
CoRIS Place Thesaurus
OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Line Islands > Jarvis Island (00S160W0001)
Spatial
CoRIS Place Thesaurus
OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Line Islands > Kingman Reef (06N162W0001)
Spatial
CoRIS Place Thesaurus
OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Line Islands > Palmyra Atoll (05N162W0001)
Spatial
CoRIS Place Thesaurus
OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Wake Atoll > Wake Atoll (19N167E0001)
Spatial
NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS
Equatorial Pacific Ocean
Spatial
NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS
Pacific Remote Islands Marine National Monument
Spatial
PRIA
Spatial
Pacific Remote Island Areas
Stratum
Global Change Master Directory
SEA FLOOR
Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center
Honolulu
HI
USA
Data Set
GIS dataset of raster files
None Planned
Map (digital)
Hard and soft substrate classes. Value 1 = hard, value 2 = soft
https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/54219
While every effort has been made to ensure that these data are accurate and reliable within the limits of the current state of the art, NOAA cannot assume liability for any damages caused by errors or omissions in the data, nor as a result of the failure of the data to function on a particular system. NOAA makes no warranty, expressed or implied, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty.
PIFSC Ecosystem Sciences Division and funded by the NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program
Not applicable
Not applicable
Not applicable
54219
Substrate Classes
Published / External
Completed
Substrate Classes
GIS File
Substrate classes
VALUE
NUMERIC
No
No
Active
The numeric code used for the SUBSTRATE classes (seafloor bottom type):
1 = Hard
2 = Soft
SUBTRATE
TEXT
No
No
Active
The substrate description for the code used in VALUE: Hard = hard-bottom substrate and Soft = soft-bottom substrate.
Data Set Credit
2018
Organization
NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program
CRCP
1305 East West Highway 10th Floor
Silver Spring
MD
20910-3281
(301) 713-3155
https://coralreef.noaa.gov
Link to the NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program website
Online Resource
Data Steward
2018
Person
Acoba, Tomoko S
tomoko.acoba@noaa.gov
1845 Wasp Blvd.
Honolulu
HI
96818
USA
(808)725-5448
8:00 am - 4:00 pm HST
Email preferred
Distributor
2018
Organization
Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center
PIFSC
pifsc.info@noaa.gov
1845 Wasp Blvd.
Honolulu
HI
96818
USA
808-725-5360
https://www.pifsc.noaa.gov
Pacific Island Fisheries Science Center homepage
Online Resource
8:00 a.m. - 4:30 p.m.
via the Pacific Islands Benthic Habitat Mapping Center (PIBHMC) website
Metadata Contact
2018
Person
DesRochers, Annette M
annette.desrochers@noaa.gov
1845 Wasp Blvd.
Honolulu
HI
96818
USA
(808)725-5461
8 am - 5 pm
Email preferred
Originator
2018
Organization
Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center
PIFSC
pifsc.info@noaa.gov
1845 Wasp Blvd.
Honolulu
HI
96818
USA
808-725-5360
https://www.pifsc.noaa.gov
Pacific Island Fisheries Science Center homepage
Online Resource
8:00 a.m. - 4:30 p.m.
Point of Contact
2018
Person
DesRochers, Annette M
annette.desrochers@noaa.gov
1845 Wasp Blvd.
Honolulu
HI
96818
USA
(808)725-5461
8 am - 5 pm
Email preferred
Ground Condition
Select locations in the Pacific Remote Islands Marine National Monument (PRIMNM), also known as the Pacific Remote Island Areas (PRIA), including Wake, Baker, and Howland islands, Johnston and Palymra atolls, and Kingman reef.
-176.7
-159.8
16.75
-0.7
Johnston Atoll, Baker Island, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, Kingman Reef, and Palmyra Atoll in Pacific Remote Island Areas. The geographic extent of Johnston Atoll (to the North), Howland and Baker (to the West), and Jarvis Island (to the South and East).
166.583
166.667
19.333
19.2583
The geographic extent of Wake Atoll
Range
2011
2017
Time frame of WorldView 2 or 3 imagery for Howland, Baker, Jarvis, Johnston Atoll, Kingman Reef, Palmyra Atoll, Wake Atoll in Pacific Remote Islands
Unclassified
Not applicable
Not applicable
NOAA Coral Reef Ecosystem Program (CREP) Data Sharing Recommendations, version 9.0 updated August 12, 2015:
CREP welcomes the opportunity to collaborate on research issues contributing to the scientific basis for better management of marine ecosystems. CREP has a very diverse set of field activities that generates large volumes of data using an array of data collection protocols.
The following recommendations are for your consideration as you use this data:
1) Data analyses should take all field exigencies into account. The most effective way to do this would be active collaboration with CREP principal investigators.
2) In all presentations, product releases, or publications using data generated by CREP, proper acknowledgement of both CREP and the individuals responsible for data collection is expected. Citing the DOI (if available) is preferred, a non-DOI example is listed below.
3) If you collect or generate data for the same study areas, CREP requests that you share relevant information on complimentary data collections.
4) Those receiving data are strongly urged to inform the CREP Data Management Team of any errors and discrepancies that are discovered during the course of using these data. They are further urged to bring to the attention of the Team all problems and difficulties encountered in using these data. This information is necessary in order to improve the collections and to facilitate more efficient and economical data processing and retrieval. The users are asked to supply copies of any missing data that may be located, and to provide information as to significant subsets and special aggregations of data that are developed in using the material provided.
Example citation:
"This publication makes use of data products provided by the Coral Reef Ecosystem Program (CREP), Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), with funding support from the NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program (CRCP). The analysis and interpretations presented here are solely that of the current authors.”
Data can be accessed online via the Pacific Islands Benthic Habitat Mapping Center website via the FTP link provided in the distribution section.
None
These data are not to be used for navigation purposes.
Please cite NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), Ecosystem Sciences Division (ESD) when using the data.
Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Ecosystem Sciences Division (2018). Seafloor substrate (hard and soft bottom) maps at select islands/atolls in American Samoa, Mariana Archipelago, and the Pacific Remote Island Areas. https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/34310.
None
None
ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/pria/benthichabitatlayers/bak_wv_2m_hardsoft.zip
2018
Organization
Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center
bak_wv_2m_hardsoft.zip
Newly developed Hard and Soft Bottom Seafloor Substrate Map of Baker Island, Pacific Remote Islands. The zip file contains the product in GeoTIFF format with the PDF map showing the extent of the product. The readme text file describing the detailed processing steps is also included. Source WorldView 2 satellite image: 2012 and WorldView 3 satellite images: 2016. The data are provided by the Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center and hosted by UH on SOEST servers.
2018-11-15T00:00:00
GeoTIFF
GeoTIFF
Zip
ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/pria/benthichabitatlayers/how_wv_2m_hardsoft.zip
2018
Organization
Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center
how_wv_2m_hardsoft.zip
Newly developed Hard and Soft Bottom Seafloor Substrate Map of Howland Island, Pacific Remote Islands. The zip file contains the product in GeoTIFF format with the PDF map showing the extent of the product. The readme text file describing the detailed processing steps is also included. Source WorldView 2 satellite images: 2011 and 2016. The data are provided by the Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center and hosted by UH on SOEST servers.
2018-11-15T00:00:00
GeoTIFF
GeoTIFF
Zip
ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/pria/benthichabitatlayers/jar_wv_2m_hardsoft.zip
2018
Organization
Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center
jar_wv_2m_hardsoft.zip
Newly developed Hard and Soft Bottom Seafloor Substrate Map of Jarvis Island, Pacific Remote Islands. The zip file contains the product in GeoTIFF format with the PDF map showing the extent of the product. The readme text file describing the detailed processing steps is also included. Source WorldView 2 satellite image: 2016. The data are provided by the Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center and hosted by UH on SOEST servers.
2018-11-15T00:00:00
GeoTIFF
GeoTIFF
Zip
ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/pria/benthichabitatlayers/joh_wv_2m_hardsoft.zip
2018
Organization
Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center
joh_wv_2m_hardsoft.zip
Newly developed Hard and Soft Bottom Seafloor Substrate Map of Johnston Atoll, Pacific Remote Islands. The zip file contains the product in GeoTIFF format with the PDF map showing the extent of the product. The readme text file describing the detailed processing steps is also included. Source WorldView 2 satellite image: 2014. The data are provided by the Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center and hosted by UH on SOEST servers.
2018-11-15T00:00:00
GeoTIFF
GeoTIFF
Zip
ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/pria/benthichabitatlayers/kin_wv_2m_hardsoft.zip
2018
Organization
Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center
kin_wv_2m_hardsoft.zip
Newly developed Hard and Soft Bottom Seafloor Substrate Map of Kingman Reef, Pacific Remote Islands. The zip file contains the product in GeoTIFF format with the PDF map showing the extent of the product. The readme text file describing the detailed processing steps is also included. Source WorldView 2 satellite image: 2015. The data are provided by the Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center and hosted by UH on SOEST servers.
2018-11-19T00:00:00
GeoTIFF
GeoTIFF
Zip
ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/pria/benthichabitatlayers/pal_wv_2m_hardsoft.zip
2018
Organization
Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center
pal_wv_2m_hardsoft.zip
Newly developed Hard and Soft Bottom Seafloor Substrate Map of Palmyra Atoll, Pacific Remote Islands. The zip file contains the product in GeoTIFF format with the PDF map showing the extent of the product. The readme text file describing the detailed processing steps is also included. Source WorldView 2 satellite images: 2014. The data are provided by the Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center and hosted by UH on SOEST servers.
2018-11-15T00:00:00
GeoTIFF
GeoTIFF
Zip
ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/pria/benthichabitatlayers/wak_wv_2m_hardsoft.zip
2018
Organization
Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center
wak_wv_2m_hardsoft.zip
Newly developed Hard and Soft Bottom Seafloor Substrate Map of Wake Atoll, Pacific Remote Islands. The zip file contains the product in GeoTIFF format with the PDF map showing the extent of the product. The readme text file describing the detailed processing steps is also included. Source WorldView satellite images: 2014 (WorldView 3) and 2017 (WorldView 2). The data are provided by the Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center and hosted by UH on SOEST servers.
2018-11-19T00:00:00
GeoTIFF
GeoTIFF
Zip
https://www.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/amsamoa_images/TUT_unspv_hardvsoft_5m_445.jpg
Hard and Soft Substrate map of Tutuila
Browse Graphic
JPG
An example hard- and soft-bottom substrate map of Tutuila (prepared using a different methodology compared with the substrate maps prepared for the project described here).
https://www.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/cms/
Pacific Islands Benthic Habitat Mapping Center (PIBHMC) website
Online Resource
NOAA ESD source data are accessible through this website.
GeoTIFF created using ArcGIS 10.5.1 in a Microsoft Windows environment.
The predictive substrate maps were produced from recently acquired WorldView satellite images.
The hard soft substrate classification results were compared against the ESD's biological survey locations (both fish and coral), with 95% to 99.5 % agreement.
As of yet, these data have not been compared with external references or other published data.
These maps may be subject to updates as new data and information become available.
Palmyra Atoll was the first place in Pacific Remote Islands to adopt the method of deriving the hard/soft substrate map developed for West Hawaii and the method revolved and streamlined as moved to the other places in the Pacific Remote Islands. Specifically, the polygons smaller than 20m2 (10x cell size) was removed instead of 10m2 (5x cell size); the inaccurate classes in the shallow internal lagoon were replaced with the manually digitized polygons, instead of altering the class attributes to correct the classes; and the mask to remove the waves, clouds and lands were applied as the final step, instead of applying them before clustering.
More detailed processing steps taken for each place are described in its readme file.
The method was developed initially for an area in West Hawaii where multiple sources of accurate, reliable data were available. Applying the method to islands in the Pacific Remote Island Areas, the process and resulting classifications were quality controlled by a group of team members before the products were finalized.
Yes
Unknown
Yes
No
Unknown
Other
Unknown
University of Hawaii School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, NOAA IRC and NOAA Fisheries ITS resources and assets.
Satellite images were processed for the Pacific Remote Island Areas using the method described in Mumby and Edwards (2000) and then, unsupervised classification was applied to derive Hard and Soft substrates. ENVI 5.3 (Harris Geospatial Solutions, Inc.) and ArcGIS 10.5.1 (Esri, Inc.) The lineage describes the general processing steps. The detailed steps and coefficients for each place are described in the readme file in the zip file.
Absolute Radiometric Calibration: 2016v0
2017-06-06
https://dg-cms-uploads-production.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/document/file/209/ABSRADCAL_FLEET_2016v0_Rel20170606.pdf
PDF documentation containing absolute calibration factors for the WorldView 2 and 3 satellite images
Dove, D., Acoba, T., DesRochers, A. Seafloor Substrate Characterization from Shallow Reefs to the Abyss: Spatially-continuous seafloor mapping using multispectral satellite imagery, and multibeam bathymetry and backscatter data within the Pacific Remote Islands Marine National Monument and the Main Hawaiian Islands. 2018. PIFSC Internal Report IR-18-08. Issued 18 October 2018.
2018-10-31
https://origin-apps-pifsc.fisheries.noaa.gov/library/pubs/IR-18-018.pdf
NOAA Fisheries Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center
Describes methods development and decision tree.
Mumby, P. J., Edwards, A. J. Water column correction techniques. In Remote Sensing Handbook for Tropical Coastal Management. Green, E. P., Mumby, P. J., Edwards, A. J., Clark, C.D., Eds. UNESCO: Parisk, France, 2000. Pp. 121-128.
Discrete
2000
http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0011/001197/119752E.pdf
UNESDOC
the UNESCO Digital Library website
Palmyra Atoll Quickbird II Seafloor Mosaic (1.8m)
Range
2006
2009
https://www.coris.noaa.gov/metadata/records/html/palmyra_seafloor_mosaic.html
CoRIS: Coral Reef Information System
The Coral Reef Conservation Program's (CRCP) information portal that provides access to NOAA coral reef information and data products with emphasis on the U.S. states, territories and remote island areas.
1
Worldview 2 or Worldview 3 satellite images are acquired through the NEXTVIEW Imagery License Agreement between DigitalGlobe, Inc. and National Geospatial Intelligence Agency (NGA). Under the agreement, the images are available for the use by the U.S. Government. Standard product level (2A) of multispectral and pancrhomatic images were acquired to produce hard soft maps. The images meeting the following criteria are carefully selected : cloud and shadow free, relatively small surf breaks, little sunglint on the water surface and little turbidity in the water.
2
The satellite images were preprocessed before generating the depth invariant indices using the tools available in ENVI 5.3. The images were first orthorectified using the RPC Orthorectification Workflow tool. The images are then radiometrically corrected and converted into the radiance using the Radiometric Calibration tool and Apply Gain and Offset tool. Radiometric calibration factors for each image are provided by DigitalGlobe in the associated metadata. The absolute calibration factors are available in the online documentation made available by DigitalGlobe.
Absolute Radiometric Calibration: 2016v0
3
The atmospheric correction steps described in Mumby and Edwards (2000) were applied to the radiance images remove some of the atmospheric influences on the images. The calculation is sequenced in ENVI 5.3/IDL 8.5.
Mumby, P. J., Edwards, A. J. Water column correction techniques. In Remote Sensing Handbook for Tropical Coastal Management. Green, E. P., Mumby, P. J., Edwards, A. J., Clark, C.D., Eds. UNESCO: Parisk, France, 2000. Pp. 121-128.
4
Depth Invariant Index in Mumby and Edwards (2000) were derived for 10 band pairs of each image. The band pairs are: Coastal - Blue, Coastal - Green, Coastal - Yellow, Coastal - Red, Blue - Green, Blue - Yellow, Blue - Red, Green - Yellow, Green - Red, Yellow - Red. Following equation was applied to each band pair using using the Band Math tool in ENVI 5.3 to derive the Depth Invariant Index.
Depth Invariant Index of band pair i and j = Li -[(ki/kj)*Lj]
where
Li = Radiance or Reflectance values of band i
Lj = Radiance or Reflectance values of band j
ki/kj = Ratio of attenuation coefficients of band i and j
Ratio of attenuation coefficients were derived in Excel spreadsheet using the variance and covariance of the radiance values extracted over shallow and deep sandy bottoms of each image.
The results were exported as GeoTiff for the further analysis in ArcGIS.
Mumby, P. J., Edwards, A. J. Water column correction techniques. In Remote Sensing Handbook for Tropical Coastal Management. Green, E. P., Mumby, P. J., Edwards, A. J., Clark, C.D., Eds. UNESCO: Parisk, France, 2000. Pp. 121-128.
5
The ISO Cluster Unsupervised Classification tool in ArcGIS 10.5.1 was employed to segment the depth invariant indices into multiple classes. Number of iterations were set to be 5, and minimum class size were set to be 3. Up to 15 classes were generated for each band pair of the depth invariant index.
Dove, D., Acoba, T., DesRochers, A. Seafloor Substrate Characterization from Shallow Reefs to the Abyss: Spatially-continuous seafloor mapping using multispectral satellite imagery, and multibeam bathymetry and backscatter data within the Pacific Remote Islands Marine National Monument and the Main Hawaiian Islands. 2018. PIFSC Internal Report IR-18-08. Issued 18 October 2018.
6
Each band pair classification was visually examined by inspecting the cluster results against the substrate boundaries that can be identified in the original satellite images. The best band pair classification result detecting the substrate boundaries was chosen, and interpreters made an informed judgement in attributing the predicted classes into hard and soft. Where required, area-specific class attribution and minor manual editing were undertaken to remove inaccurate predictions in ArcGIS 10.5.1. Output file type is GeoTIFF.
Dove, D., Acoba, T., DesRochers, A. Seafloor Substrate Characterization from Shallow Reefs to the Abyss: Spatially-continuous seafloor mapping using multispectral satellite imagery, and multibeam bathymetry and backscatter data within the Pacific Remote Islands Marine National Monument and the Main Hawaiian Islands. 2018. PIFSC Internal Report IR-18-08. Issued 18 October 2018.
7
Where multiple images are available, the same steps are applied to the second image, and the gaps of the classification result in the first image will be filled with the second image.
Not Applicable
Not Applicable
54219
Entity
Substrate Classes
56994
Data Set
Seafloor substrate (hard and soft bottom) maps derived from multibeam echo-sounder bathymetry and backscatter for the islands and atolls of the Pacific Remote Island Areas
Larger Work Citation
Deep water analysis, part of IR-18-018.
gov.noaa.nmfs.inport:54217
Tomoko Acoba
2018-10-17T15:09:46
SysAdmin InPortAdmin
2023-10-17T16:12:18
2019-05-30
Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center
PIFSC
1845 Wasp Blvd.
Honolulu
HI
96818
USA
808-725-5300
http://www.pifsc.noaa.gov
8:00 a.m. - 4:30 p.m.
1001
Public
No
2019-05-30
1 Year
2020-05-30