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   <item-identification>
      <catalog-item-id>57167</catalog-item-id>
      <title>NCCOS Long-term Monitoring Project: Regional Ecological Assessments and National Benthic Inventory</title>
      <short-name>NCCOS Project: REA/NBI</short-name>
      <catalog-item-type>Data Set</catalog-item-type>
      <metadata-workflow-state ccs-id="9">Published / External</metadata-workflow-state>
      <parent-catalog-item-id>57166</parent-catalog-item-id>
      <parent-title>NCCOS Regional Ecological Assessments and NOAA National Benthic Inventory (REA/NBI)</parent-title>
      <parent-catalog-item-type>Project</parent-catalog-item-type>
      <status>In Work</status>
      <creation-date>1991</creation-date>
      <revision-date>2019</revision-date>
      <publication-date>2003</publication-date>
      <abstract>NOAA's National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS) works in partnership with other federal agencies and coastal states to conduct assessments of ecological condition and potential stressor impacts throughout our Nation’s estuaries, coastal-ocean waters, and NOAA protected areas; carry out studies to determine environmental impacts of specific pollution events or natural disasters; and perform additional related research to develop new ecological indicators and improved diagnostic tools to assess, predict, and manage future conditions.

NCCOS has conducted a series of Regional Ecological Assessments (REA) aimed at evaluating condition of living resources and ecosystem stressors in estuarine and coastal areas including National Estuarine Research Reserve System (NERRS), National Marine Sanctuaries (NMS), and continental shelf regions of the Mid-Atlantic Bight, South-Atlantic Bight, Florida Shelf, and Gulf of Mexico. Information from these studies provides a means to assess the current status of ecological condition and stressor impacts throughout these areas, and serves as a baseline for evaluating future changes due to natural or human-induced disturbances.

The NOAA National Benthic Inventory (NBI) is a quantitative database on benthic species distributions obtained from studies conducted by NOAA and partnering institutions in estuarine and other coastal-ocean areas around the country.

A corresponding taxonomic voucher collection of preserved benthic specimens collected in studies conducted between 1991 and 2007 was maintained at the NCCOS Charleston lab until April 2019. The voucher collection was transferred to the North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences in May 2019 and will be incorporated into their Non-Molluscan Invertebrate research collections. More information can be found at the North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences website.</abstract>
      <purpose>NOAA's National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS) conduct a wide variety of coastal environmental monitoring and research studies that generate data sets on the biodiversity and abundances of marine benthic species. This work provides information to improve our understanding of the importance of coastal ecosystems and to help support effective management plans and actions for ensuring their wise use and protection. Results of this project are made available to increase public awareness about the extent and nature of pollution impacts and to support more informed management decisions and actions aimed at sustaining the health of these resources and the important services they provide.

The goal of the Regional Ecological Assessment (REA) project is to produce baseline assessments of coastal ecosystem conditions for decision-makers to evaluate their coastal management efforts and policies. Key to accomplishing this objective is to obtain spatial and temporal data on ecologically important habitats, species, and processes in biologically important marine and coastal areas.

The goal of the National Benthic Inventory (NBI) is to capture information on the occurrence of benthic species and to make the data available as a readily accessible resource to support the needs of other related programs dealing with important coastal management, research, and educational initiatives. The quantitative database provides information on benthic species abundances by species and location, thus providing a basis for addressing important coastal and marine spatial planning management and research questions, such as "what are the incidence and patterns of occurrence of a particular species of interest," or "what are the overall composition and diversity of species assemblages within any particular region of interest.” </purpose>
      <supplemental-information>Partners:	
•	US DOC; NOAA; Office of Marine and Aviation Operations (OMAO)
•	US DOC; NOAA; NESDIS; National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI)
•	US DOC; NOAA; NOS; ONMS; Gray’s Reef National Marine Sanctuary (GRNMS); Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary (FKNMS); Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary (SBNMS)
•	US DOC; NOAA; NOS; OCM; North Carolina National Estuarine Research Reserve (NCNERR); 
Sapelo Island National Estuarine Research Reserve (SINERR); Guana-Tolomato-Matanzas National Estuarine Research Reserve (GTMNERR)
•	US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
•	South Carolina Department of Natural Resources, Marine Resources Research Institute 
•	University of North Carolina - Charlotte; University of Maryland, Chesapeake Biological Laboratory; Texas A&amp;M University, Geochemical and Environmental Research Group
•	Barry A. Vittor and Associates, Inc., Mobile, AL; Alpha Scientific, Inc., Bedminster, NJ; Versar, Inc., Springfield, VA; Cove Corporation, Lusby, MD; Aquatic Research and Consulting, Duxbury, MA; Normandeau Associates, Inc., Bedford, NH; B&amp;B Laboratories, College Station, TX; GPL Laboratories, Frederick, MD
•	North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences, Non-Molluscan Invertebrate Collection

Funding: 
•	US DOC; NOAA; NOS; National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS), NCCOS Project #139, “Coastal Ecological Assessments and Indicator Development” 
•	US EPA; ORD; Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program</supplemental-information>
      <doi>PENDING</doi>
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   </keywords>
   <physical-location>
      <organization>National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science</organization>
      <city>Silver Spring</city>
      <state-province>MD</state-province>
   </physical-location>
   <data-set-information>
      <data-set-scope-code>Data Set</data-set-scope-code>
      <data-presentation-form>Table (digital)</data-presentation-form>
      <instrument>CTD, Niskin Bottle, Grab Sampler, Box Corer, Sediment Corer, Suction Sampler</instrument>
      <platform>Research Vessel</platform>
      <physical-collection-fishing-gear>Hook and line</physical-collection-fishing-gear>
   </data-set-information>
   <entity-attribute-information partial-listing="No" total-count="0"/>
   <support-roles>
      <support-role cc-id="867264" in-effect="Yes">
         <support-role-type>Data Steward</support-role-type>
         <from-date>2019</from-date>
         <contact-type>Position</contact-type>
         <contact-name>NCCOS Scientific Data Coordinator</contact-name>
         <contact-email>NCCOS.data@noaa.gov</contact-email>
      </support-role>
      <support-role cc-id="868310" in-effect="Yes">
         <support-role-type>Distributor</support-role-type>
         <from-date>2019</from-date>
         <contact-type>Organization</contact-type>
         <contact-name>NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information</contact-name>
         <contact-noaa-acronym>NCEI</contact-noaa-acronym>
         <contact-email>ncei.info@noaa.gov</contact-email>
         <contact-ror>https://ror.org/04r0wrp59</contact-ror>
         <contact-url>https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact</contact-url>
         <contact-url-name>NCEI Contact Information</contact-url-name>
         <contact-url-description>Information for contacts at NCEI.</contact-url-description>
         <contact-url-function>Online Resource</contact-url-function>
      </support-role>
      <support-role cc-id="868311" in-effect="Yes">
         <support-role-type>Distributor</support-role-type>
         <from-date>2003</from-date>
         <contact-type>Organization</contact-type>
         <contact-name>National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science</contact-name>
         <contact-noaa-acronym>NCCOS</contact-noaa-acronym>
         <contact-ror>https://ror.org/05ba43f71</contact-ror>
         <contact-address>1305 East West Highway, Rm 8110</contact-address>
         <contact-address-city>Silver Spring</contact-address-city>
         <contact-address-state>MD</contact-address-state>
         <contact-address-zip>20910</contact-address-zip>
         <contact-url>https://coastalscience.noaa.gov/</contact-url>
         <contact-instructions>nccos.data@noaa.gov</contact-instructions>
      </support-role>
      <support-role cc-id="867265" in-effect="Yes">
         <support-role-type>Metadata Contact</support-role-type>
         <from-date>2019</from-date>
         <contact-type>Position</contact-type>
         <contact-name>NCCOS Scientific Data Coordinator</contact-name>
         <contact-email>NCCOS.data@noaa.gov</contact-email>
      </support-role>
      <support-role cc-id="867263" in-effect="Yes">
         <support-role-type>Point of Contact</support-role-type>
         <from-date>2003</from-date>
         <contact-type>Person</contact-type>
         <contact-name>Balthis, Len</contact-name>
         <contact-email>len.balthis@noaa.gov</contact-email>
         <contact-instructions>Point of Contact: 
•	Len Balthis, len.balthis@noaa.gov, US DOC; NOAA; NOS; National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS), 2003 to present
</contact-instructions>
      </support-role>
      <support-role cc-id="867266" in-effect="Yes">
         <support-role-type>Principal Investigator</support-role-type>
         <from-date>2003</from-date>
         <contact-type>Person</contact-type>
         <contact-name>Balthis, Len</contact-name>
         <contact-email>len.balthis@noaa.gov</contact-email>
         <contact-instructions>Principal Investigator: 
•	Len Balthis, len.balthis@noaa.gov, US DOC; NOAA; NOS; National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS), 2003 to present

Additional Principal Investigators: 
•	US DOC; NOAA; NOS; National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS): Mike Fulton, mike.fulton@noaa.gov, (retired); B. William Gottholm, b.william.gottholm@noaa.gov; Jawed Hameedi, jawed.hameedi@noaa.gov; Michelle Harmon, michelle.harmon@noaa.gov; Ian Hartwell, ian.hartwell@noaa.gov; Jeff Hyland, jeff.l.hyland@noaa.gov, (retired); W. Edward Johnson, ed.johnson@noaa.gov; Kimani Kimbrough, kimani.kimbrough@noaa.gov; Gunnar Lauenstein, gunnar.lauenstein@noaa.gov; Edward R. Long, ed.long@noaa.gov, (retired); Geoff Scott, geoff.scott@noaa.gov, (retired); Ed Wirth, ed.wirth@noaa.gov; Cindy Cooksey, cynthia.cooksey@noaa.gov
•	South Carolina Department of Natural Resources, Marine Resources Research Institute: Fred Holland, hollandf@dnr.sc.gov, (retired); Denise Sanger, sangerd@dnr.sc.gov; Bob VanDolah, vandolahr@dnr.sc.gov, (retired) 
•	University of North Carolina - Charlotte: Amy Ringwood, ahringwo@uncc.edu</contact-instructions>
      </support-role>
   </support-roles>
   <extents>
      <extent cc-id="867281">
         <geographic-areas>
            <geographic-area cc-id="867283">
               <west-bound>-178.4</west-bound>
               <east-bound>-68.6</east-bound>
               <north-bound>49</north-bound>
               <south-bound>23.1</south-bound>
            </geographic-area>
         </geographic-areas>
         <time-frames>
            <time-frame cc-id="867282">
               <time-frame-type>Continuing</time-frame-type>
               <start-date-time>1991-03-18</start-date-time>
            </time-frame>
         </time-frames>
      </extent>
   </extents>
   <access-information>
      <security-class>Unclassified</security-class>
      <data-access-procedure>Download from website</data-access-procedure>
      <data-access-constraints>None</data-access-constraints>
      <data-use-constraints>None</data-use-constraints>
   </access-information>
   <distribution-information>
      <distribution cc-id="868315">
         <distributor cc-id="868310">
            <from-date>2019</from-date>
            <contact-type>Organization</contact-type>
            <contact-name>NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information</contact-name>
            <contact-ror>https://ror.org/04r0wrp59</contact-ror>
         </distributor>
         <file-name>REA/NBI ERDDAP (PENDING)</file-name>
         <description>Query and Download Data: REA/NBI ERDDAP Web Service</description>
         <!--Note: file-type is deprecated-->
         <file-type>NCEI Web Service</file-type>
         <distribution-format>Web Service (Other)</distribution-format>
      </distribution>
      <distribution cc-id="868312">
         <download-url>https://doi.org/10.25921/mx4t-r574</download-url>
         <distributor cc-id="868310">
            <from-date>2019</from-date>
            <contact-type>Organization</contact-type>
            <contact-name>NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information</contact-name>
            <contact-ror>https://ror.org/04r0wrp59</contact-ror>
         </distributor>
         <file-name>REA/NBI Data</file-name>
         <description>Balthis, L., J. Hyland, C. Cooksey, M. Fulton, E. Wirth, I. Hartwell, E. Johnson, K. Kimbrough, M. Harmon, J. Hameedi, B. Gottholm, G. Lauenstein, E. Long. 2019. NCCOS Long-term Monitoring: Regional Ecological Assessments and National Benthic Inventory (NCEI Accession 0202842). NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://doi.org/10.25921/mx4t-r574</description>
         <!--Note: file-type is deprecated-->
         <file-type>NCEI Data Archive Accession</file-type>
      </distribution>
      <distribution cc-id="868314">
         <download-url>https://products.coastalscience.noaa.gov/NBI/</download-url>
         <distributor cc-id="868311">
            <from-date>2003</from-date>
            <contact-type>Organization</contact-type>
            <contact-name>National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science</contact-name>
            <contact-ror>https://ror.org/05ba43f71</contact-ror>
         </distributor>
         <file-name>NBI Data</file-name>
         <description>NOAA National Benthic Inventory </description>
         <!--Note: file-type is deprecated-->
         <file-type>NCCOS Web Application</file-type>
      </distribution>
      <distribution cc-id="868313">
         <download-url>https://products.coastalscience.noaa.gov/rea/</download-url>
         <distributor cc-id="868311">
            <from-date>2003</from-date>
            <contact-type>Organization</contact-type>
            <contact-name>National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science</contact-name>
            <contact-ror>https://ror.org/05ba43f71</contact-ror>
         </distributor>
         <file-name>REA Data</file-name>
         <description>NCCOS Regional Ecological Assessments</description>
         <!--Note: file-type is deprecated-->
         <file-type>NCCOS Web Application</file-type>
      </distribution>
   </distribution-information>
   <urls>
      <url cc-id="868464">
         <url>https://products.coastalscience.noaa.gov/NBI/_images/thumb_benthic_datasets2.gif</url>
         <name>Browse Graphic: REA/NBI </name>
         <url-type>Browse Graphic</url-type>
         <description>Browse Graphic: REA/NBI </description>
      </url>
      <url cc-id="867269">
         <url>https://coastalscience.noaa.gov/project/coastal-ecological-assessments-indicator-development/</url>
         <name>NCCOS Research Project Webpage: Coastal Ecological Assessments and Indicator Development</name>
         <url-type>Online Resource</url-type>
         <description>NCCOS Research Project Webpage: Coastal Ecological Assessments and Indicator Development</description>
      </url>
      <url cc-id="876339">
         <url>https://naturalsciences.org/research-collections/nonmolluscan-invertebrates-collection</url>
         <name>North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences (NCMNS) Non-Molluscan Invertebrate Collection</name>
         <url-type>Online Resource</url-type>
         <description>For more information, or to schedule a visit to the North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences (NCMNS) Non-Molluscan Invertebrate Collection, please contact 919.707.9957. </description>
      </url>
   </urls>
   <data-quality>
      <completeness-report>Project has created 72 observed datasets through 2015. Additional datasets from 2016-onwards are undergoing QA/QC. For details, see Distribution Information.</completeness-report>
      <quality-control-procedures>For details of data quality control methods, see Lineage Sources. All users should independently analyze the datasets according to their own needs and standards to determine data usability. </quality-control-procedures>
   </data-quality>
   <data-management>
      <resources-identified>No</resources-identified>
      <resources-budget-percentage>Unknown</resources-budget-percentage>
      <data-access-directive-compliant>Yes</data-access-directive-compliant>
      <data-access-directive-waiver>No</data-access-directive-waiver>
      <delay-collection-dissemination>Four years</delay-collection-dissemination>
      <archive-location>NCEI-MS</archive-location>
      <delay-collection-archive>Four years</delay-collection-archive>
      <data-protection-plan>NCCOS IT Policy</data-protection-plan>
   </data-management>
   <lineage>
      <lineage-sources>
         <lineage-source cc-id="868318">
            <citation-title>01.	Balthis, W.L., C. Cooksey, M.H. Fulton, J.L. Hyland, L.A. May, E.F. Wirth, and C.M. Woodley. 2018. Assessment of Ecological Condition and Potential Stressor Impacts in Offshore Areas of Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 254. Charleston, SC. 80 pp. https://doi.org/10.25923/vtsz-v706</citation-title>
            <citation-url>https://doi.org/10.25923/vtsz-v706</citation-url>
         </lineage-source>
         <lineage-source cc-id="868319">
            <citation-title>02.	Balthis, W.L., C. Cooksey, J.L. Hyland, M.H. Fulton, and E. Wirth. 2017a. Integrated Assessment of Ecosystem Condition and Stressor Impacts in Submerged Habitats of the Guana Tolomato Matanzas (GTM) National Estuarine Research Reserve (NERR). NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 231. Charleston, SC. 52 pp. http://doi.org/10.7289/V5/TM-NOS-NCCOS-231</citation-title>
            <citation-url>http://doi.org/10.7289/V5/TM-NOS-NCCOS-231</citation-url>
         </lineage-source>
         <lineage-source cc-id="868320">
            <citation-title>03.	Balthis, W.L., J.L. Hyland, C. Cooksey, P.A. Montagna, J.G. Baguley, R.W. Ricker, and C. Lewis. 2017b. Sediment quality benchmarks for assessing oil-related impacts to the deep-sea benthos. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management, 13(5):840-851. https://doi.org/10.1002/ieam.1898</citation-title>
            <citation-url>https://doi.org/10.1002/ieam.1898</citation-url>
         </lineage-source>
         <lineage-source cc-id="868321">
            <citation-title>04.	Balthis, W.L., C. Cooksey, M.H. Fulton, J.L. Hyland, G.H.M. Riekerk, R.F. Van Dolah, and E.F. Wirth. 2015a. An integrated assessment of habitat quality of national estuarine research reserves in the southeastern United States. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management, 11(2):266-275. https://doi.org/10.1002/ieam.1601</citation-title>
            <citation-url>https://doi.org/10.1002/ieam.1601</citation-url>
         </lineage-source>
         <lineage-source cc-id="868322">
            <citation-title>05.	Balthis, W.L., J.L. Hyland, C. Cooksey, M.H. Fulton, and E.F. Wirth. 2015b. Long-term monitoring of ecological conditions in Gray’s Reef National Marine Sanctuary: soft-bottom benthic assemblages and contaminant levels in sediments and biota (2000, 2005, and 2012/13). NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 206. Charleston, SC. 35 pp. http://doi.org/10.7289/V5/TM-NOS-NCCOS-206</citation-title>
            <citation-url>http://doi.org/10.7289/V5/TM-NOS-NCCOS-206</citation-url>
         </lineage-source>
         <lineage-source cc-id="868323">
            <citation-title>06.	Balthis, W.L., J.L. Hyland, C. Cooksey, M.H. Fulton, and E.F. Wirth. 2013. Ecological condition of coastal ocean waters of the western Gulf of Mexico: 2011. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 171. Charleston, SC. 63 pp. https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/2709</citation-title>
            <citation-url>https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/2709</citation-url>
         </lineage-source>
         <lineage-source cc-id="868324">
            <citation-title>07.	Balthis, L., J. Hyland, C. Cooksey, E. Wirth, M. Fulton, J. Moore, and D. Hurley. 2012. Support for Integrated Ecosystem Assessments of NOAA’s National Estuarine Research Reserve System (NERRS): Assessment of Ecological Condition and Stressor Impacts in Subtidal Waters of the Sapelo Island National Estuarine Research Reserve. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 150. Charleston, SC. 79 pp. https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/2614</citation-title>
            <citation-url>https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/2614</citation-url>
         </lineage-source>
         <lineage-source cc-id="868325">
            <citation-title>08.	Balthis, W.L., J.L. Hyland, C. Cooksey, M.H. Fulton, E.F. Wirth, D. Cobb, and D.N. Wiley. 2011. Ecological condition of coastal ocean waters within Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary: 2008. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 129. Charleston, SC. 59 pp. https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/2563</citation-title>
            <citation-url>https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/2563</citation-url>
         </lineage-source>
         <lineage-source cc-id="868326">
            <citation-title>09.	Balthis, W.L., J.L. Hyland, M.H. Fulton, E.F. Wirth, J.A. Kiddon, and J. Macauley. 2009. Ecological condition of coastal ocean waters along the U.S. Mid-Atlantic Bight: 2006. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 109 and EPA 600/R-09/159. Charleston, SC. 63 pp. https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/9296</citation-title>
            <citation-url>https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/9296</citation-url>
         </lineage-source>
         <lineage-source cc-id="868327">
            <citation-title>10.	Balthis, W.L., J.L. Hyland, C. Cooksey, M.H. Fulton, and G. McFall. 2007. Long-term monitoring of ecological conditions in Gray’s Reef National Marine Sanctuary: Comparison of soft-bottom benthic assemblages and contaminant levels in sediments and biota in spring 2000 and 2005. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 68. Charleston, SC. 29 pp. https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/9288</citation-title>
            <citation-url>https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/9288</citation-url>
         </lineage-source>
         <lineage-source cc-id="868328">
            <citation-title>11.	Balthis, W.L, J.L. Hyland, G.I. Scott, M.H. Fulton, D.W. Bearden, and M.D. Greene. 2002. Sediment quality of the Neuse River estuary, North Carolina: an integrated assessment of sediment contamination, toxicity, and condition of benthic fauna. J. of Aquatic Ecosystem Stress and Recovery, 9:213-225. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1021234816293</citation-title>
            <citation-url>https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1021234816293</citation-url>
         </lineage-source>
         <lineage-source cc-id="868329">
            <citation-title>12.	Cooksey, C.L. 2016. Assessment of ecological condition and stressor impacts within Great Lakes rivers and harbors: Milwaukee estuary, Wisconsin. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 222. Charleston, SC. 64 pp. https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/12903</citation-title>
            <citation-url>https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/12903</citation-url>
         </lineage-source>
         <lineage-source cc-id="868330">
            <citation-title>13.	Cooksey, C., J. Hyland, M.H. Fulton., L. Balthis, E. Wirth, and T. Wade. 2014. Ecological condition of coastal ocean waters along the U.S. continental shelf of northeastern Gulf of Mexico: 2010. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 188. Charleston, SC. 68 pp. https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/2723</citation-title>
            <citation-url>https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/2723</citation-url>
         </lineage-source>
         <lineage-source cc-id="868331">
            <citation-title>14.	Cooksey, C., J. Hyland, M.H. Fulton., E. Wirth, and L. Balthis. 2012. Ecological condition of coastal ocean waters of the U.S. continental shelf off south Florida: 2007. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 159. Charleston, SC. 68 pp. https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/2715</citation-title>
            <citation-url>https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/2715</citation-url>
         </lineage-source>
         <lineage-source cc-id="868332">
            <citation-title>15.	Cooksey, C., J. Harvey, L. Harwell, J. Hyland, and J.K. Summers. 2010. Ecological condition of coastal ocean and estuarine waters of the U.S. South Atlantic Bight: 2000-2004. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 114 and EPA 600/R-10/046. Charleston, SC. 88 pp. https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/9295</citation-title>
            <citation-url>https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/9295</citation-url>
         </lineage-source>
         <lineage-source cc-id="868333">
            <citation-title>16.	Cooksey, C., J. Hyland, E. Wirth, W.L. Balthis, M. Fulton, D.Whitall, and S. White. 2008. Support for Integrated Ecosystem Assessments of NOAA’s National Estuarine Research Reserves System (NERRS), Volume II: Assessment of Ecological Condition and Stressor Impacts in Subtidal Waters of the North Carolina NERRS. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 83. Charleston, SC. 65 pp. https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/17787</citation-title>
            <citation-url>https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/17787</citation-url>
         </lineage-source>
         <lineage-source cc-id="868334">
            <citation-title>17.	Cooksey, C., J. Hyland, W.L. Balthis, M. Fulton, G. Scott, and D. Bearden. 2004. Soft-Bottom Benthic Assemblages and Levels of Contaminants in Sediments and Biota at Gray’s Reef National Marine Sanctuary and Nearby Shelf Waters off the Coast of Georgia (2000 and 2001). NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 6. Charleston, SC. 55 pp. https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/17764</citation-title>
            <citation-url>https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/17764</citation-url>
         </lineage-source>
         <lineage-source cc-id="868335">
            <citation-title>18.	Fulton, M.H., J.L. Hyland, P.B. Key, E.F. Wirth, L. Balthis, C. Cooksey, K. Chung, and A.K. Leight. 2007. Characterization of Toxic Impacts on Living Marine Resources in Tidal Rivers of the Chesapeake Bay. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 64. Charleston, SC. 80 pp. https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/17778</citation-title>
            <citation-url>https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/17778</citation-url>
         </lineage-source>
         <lineage-source cc-id="868336">
            <citation-title>19.	Hyland, J., C. Cooksey, W.L. Balthis, M. Fulton, D. Bearden, G. McFall, M. Kendall. 2006. The soft-bottom macrobenthos of Gray’s Reef National Marine Sanctuary and nearby shelf waters off the coast of Georgia, USA. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 330(1):307-326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2005.12.036</citation-title>
            <citation-url>https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2005.12.036</citation-url>
         </lineage-source>
         <lineage-source cc-id="868337">
            <citation-title>20.	Hyland, J.L., W.L. Balthis, M. Posey, C.T. Hackney, T. Alphin. 2004. The soft-bottom macrobenthos of North Carolina estuaries. Estuaries, 27(3):501-514. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02803541</citation-title>
            <citation-url>https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02803541</citation-url>
         </lineage-source>
         <lineage-source cc-id="868338">
            <citation-title>21.	Hyland, J.L., W.L. Balthis, V.D. Engle, E.R. Long, J.F. Paul, J.K. Summers, R.F. Van Dolah. 2003. Incidence of stress in benthic communities along the U.S. Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico coasts within different ranges of sediment contamination from chemical mixtures. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 81(1-3):149-161. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1021325007660</citation-title>
            <citation-url>https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1021325007660</citation-url>
         </lineage-source>
         <lineage-source cc-id="868339">
            <citation-title>22.	Hyland, J.L., W.L. Balthis, C.T. Hackney, and M. Posey. 2000. Sediment quality of North Carolina estuaries: An integrative assessment of sediment contamination, toxicity, and condition of benthic fauna. Journal of Aquatic Ecosystem Stress and Recovery, 8:107-124. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1011464609142</citation-title>
            <citation-url>https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1011464609142</citation-url>
         </lineage-source>
         <lineage-source cc-id="868340">
            <citation-title>23.	Hyland, J.L., R.F. Van Dolah, and T.R. Snoots. 1999. Predicting stress in benthic communities of southeastern U.S. estuaries in relation to chemical contamination of sediments. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 18(11):2557-2564. https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620181124</citation-title>
            <citation-url>https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620181124</citation-url>
         </lineage-source>
         <lineage-source cc-id="868341">
            <citation-title>24.	Hyland, J.L., L. Balthis, C.T. Hackney, G. McRae, A.H. Ringwood, T.R. Snoots, R.F. Van Dolah, and T.L. Wade. 1998. Environmental quality of estuaries of the Carolinian Province: 1995. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS ORCA 123. Silver Spring, MD. 143 pp.</citation-title>
         </lineage-source>
         <lineage-source cc-id="868342">
            <citation-title>25.	Ringwood, A.H., A.F. Holland, R. Kneib, and P. Ross. 1996. EMAP/NS&amp;T pilot studies in the Carolinian Province: Indicator testing and evaluation in southeastern estuaries. Final Report under Grant NA90AAD-SG790 through S.C. Sea Grant College Program. S.C. Dept. of Natural Resources, Marine Resources Research Institute, Charleston, S.C. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS ORCA 102. 113 p. </citation-title>
         </lineage-source>
         <lineage-source cc-id="868345">
            <citation-title>26.	Ringwood, A.H., and C.J. Keppler. 1998. Seed clam growth: an alternative sediment bioassay developed during emap in the carolinian province. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment,  51: 247. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005995521173</citation-title>
            <citation-url>https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005995521173</citation-url>
         </lineage-source>
         <lineage-source cc-id="868344">
            <citation-title>27.	Van Dolah, R.F., J.L. Hyland, A.F. Holland, J.S. Rosen, and T.R. Snoots. 1999. A benthic index of biological integrity for assessing habitat quality in estuaries of the southeastern U.S.A. Marine Environmental Research, 48:269-283. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0141-1136(99)00056-2</citation-title>
            <citation-url>https://doi.org/10.1016/S0141-1136%2899%2900056-2</citation-url>
         </lineage-source>
      </lineage-sources>
      <lineage-process-steps>
         <lineage-process-step cc-id="868317">
            <sequence-number>1</sequence-number>
            <description>We have conducted a series of offshore surveys and reports assessing ecological conditions and stressor impacts throughout coastal shelf waters of the lower continental US, as well as NMSs, NERRs, and the Great Lakes.
•	We have developed a dynamic quantitative database on benthic species distributions obtained from studies conducted by NOAA and partnering institutions in estuarine and other coastal-ocean areas around the country (http://nbi.noaa.gov/).
•	We helped to develop the 2006 Management Plan and 2008 Sanctuary Condition Report for Gray’s Reef NMS off the coast of Georgia.
•	We have worked in partnership with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to develop multi-agency National Coastal Condition Reports (NCCRs), which serve as environmental report cards of the health of our nation’s coastal resources. While previous NCCRs have focused primarily on estuaries, our scientists were given the lead to develop a new series of offshore sections assessing the health of our coastal-ocean waters.
•	We have participated in a Natural Resource Damage Assessment (NRDA) study of potential effects of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill on soft-bottom, deepwater benthic communities.
•	We have assessed the environmental impacts of extreme natural events such as Hurricane Katrina (USEPA 2007, Engle et al. 2009) and other major hurricanes (Balthis et al. 2006).
•	We have developed new ecological indicators and other diagnostic tools that improve our methods and abilities to assess coastal ecosystems.
We will:
•	conduct additional surveys of ecological condition and stressor impacts in offshore coastal-shelf waters, Great Lakes, NMSs, and NERRS;
•	continue to partner with the EPA to develop future National Coastal Condition Reports; and
•	continue to advance the development of new indicators and data-analysis tools.</description>
            <process-contact>
               <contact-type>Person</contact-type>
               <contact-name>Balthis, Len</contact-name>
               <contact-email>len.balthis@noaa.gov</contact-email>
            </process-contact>
            <source-citation cc-id="868318">01.	Balthis, W.L., C. Cooksey, M.H. Fulton, J.L. Hyland, L.A. May, E.F. Wirth, and C.M. Woodley. 2018. Assessment of Ecological Condition and Potential Stressor Impacts in Offshore Areas of Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 254. Charleston, SC. 80 pp. https://doi.org/10.25923/vtsz-v706</source-citation>
         </lineage-process-step>
      </lineage-process-steps>
   </lineage>
   <acquisition-information>
      <instrument-unavailable-reason>Not Applicable</instrument-unavailable-reason>
      <platform-unavailable-reason>Not Applicable</platform-unavailable-reason>
   </acquisition-information>
   <related-items>
      <related-item>
         <catalog-item-id>38811</catalog-item-id>
         <catalog-item-type>Data Set</catalog-item-type>
         <title>National Benthic Infaunal Database (NBID)</title>
         <relationship-type>Cross Reference</relationship-type>
         <notes>Deprecated: National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, 2019: National Benthic Infaunal Database (NBID), https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/38811 </notes>
      </related-item>
   </related-items>
   <catalog-details>
      <guid>gov.noaa.nmfs.inport:57167</guid>
      <metadata-record-created-by pers-id="18961">Jessica Morgan</metadata-record-created-by>
      <metadata-record-created>2019-08-07T20:43:31</metadata-record-created>
      <metadata-record-last-modified-by pers-id="0">SysAdmin InPortAdmin</metadata-record-last-modified-by>
      <metadata-record-last-modified>2026-03-04T19:17:20</metadata-record-last-modified>
      <record-published>2019-09-18</record-published>
      <owner-organization>National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science</owner-organization>
      <owner-organization-acronym>NCCOS</owner-organization-acronym>
      <owner-organization-address/>
      <owner-organization-address-city/>
      <owner-organization-address-state/>
      <owner-organization-address-zip/>
      <owner-organization-address-country/>
      <owner-organization-phone/>
      <owner-organization-url/>
      <owner-organization-business-hours/>
      <owner-organization-group-id>1002</owner-organization-group-id>
      <publication-status>Public</publication-status>
      <limited-metadata-available>No</limited-metadata-available>
      <is-do-not-publish>No</is-do-not-publish>
      <metadata-last-review-date>2019-09-18</metadata-last-review-date>
      <metadata-review-frequency>1 Year</metadata-review-frequency>
      <metadata-next-review-date>2020-09-18</metadata-next-review-date>
   </catalog-details>
</inport-metadata>
