59191 HCBC 2019 Surveys Data Set Published / External 21442 Ocean and Climate Change Project Completed 2020-03 2021-01 The data described here result from coral bleaching surveys across the Hawaiian Archipelago from August 20 to December 7, 2019. The data provide information on live coral cover and the percentage and average severity that was bleached, as well as taxa-specific metrics (live cover and the percentage and severity that was bleached). The data were collected during a multi-institutional effort by the Hawaii Coral Bleaching Collaborative (HCBC) to build a comprehensive dataset of the spatial extent and severity of bleaching in the Hawaiian Archipelago during the peak of the forecasted 2019 coral bleaching event. This dataset is a compilation of data supplied by: NOAA Fisheries Ecosystem Sciences Division (ESD); State of Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources (DLNR), Division of Aquatic Resources (DAR); Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO), Sandin Lab; Arizona State University (ASU), Asner Lab; National Park Service (NPS), Pacific Island Inventory & Monitoring Network (PACN); Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology (HIMB), Coral Reef Ecology Lab; and The Nature Conservancy (TNC) of Hawaii. Coral bleaching surveys were conducted at both fixed and random sites using varying methods per institution that included: rapid visual assessments, photoquadrat assessments, and transect-intercept assessments. Metrics that were recorded include live coral cover, the percentage of living coral that was bleached, and the average severity of bleached corals. Surveys conducted in the Main Hawaiian Islands were conducted during shore-based missions, whereas surveys in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands were performed opportunistically during the regularly scheduled NOAA National Coral Reef Monitoring Program (NCRMP) mission. Random sites were selected by each institution in their own ways, as follows: - NOAA ESD: A stratified random sampling (StRS) design was used; the StRS method effectively reduces estimate variance through stratification using environmental covariates and by sampling more sites rather than sampling more transects at a site - DAR: Randomly chose sites by covering shorelines at depths from 1-15ft with hard bottom substrate, and aligned transects with shoreline access points - TNC: Sites were randomly selected using ARC-GIS within a polygon bounded by 15' and 50' depth clines and clipped to hard bottom habitat, based on NOAA habitat maps - HIMB: Method described in lineage source - ASU: Sites were selected based on two factors: (1) bleaching reports sent into hawaiicoral.org (ASU, DAR, NOAA website) to locate potential hotspots on the Big Island; and (2) areas not reported as potential coldspots. At each selected "site", randomly selected location GPS points constrained only by isobaths of 5, 10, and 15m - PACN: Method described in lineage source The Hawaii Coral Bleaching Collaborative (HCBC) planned and executed a field survey response in 2019 that applied a structured, hypothesis-driven approach to document the extent of coral bleaching in the Hawaiian Archipelago, and laid the groundwork for tracking coral response and recovery through time. Theme ISO 19115 Topic Category biota Theme CRCP Project 31283 Theme CRCP Project Coral bleaching assessment and analysis Theme CoRIS Discovery Thesaurus Numeric Data Sets > Biology Theme CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Aquatic Habitat > Reef Habitat Theme CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals Theme CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Coral Diseases > Bleaching Theme CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment Theme CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Benthos Analysis > Transect Monitoring > Belt Transect Theme CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > In Situ Biological Theme CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Rapid assessment studies Theme CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs Theme CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs > Coral Reef Ecology Theme CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs > Coral Reef Ecology > Coral Cover Theme CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Marine Biology > Coral Theme NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS CORAL - BLEACHING Theme NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS CORAL - SPECIES IDENTIFICATION Theme NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS REEF AND/OR BOTTOM REGIME - PERCENT COVER Theme NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS survey - biological Theme NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS survey - swimmer/diver Theme NODC PLATFORM NAMES THESAURUS RAINIER Theme NODC PLATFORM NAMES THESAURUS VARIOUS SMALL VESSELS Theme NODC PROJECT NAMES THESAURUS CORAL REEF STUDIES Theme NODC PROJECT NAMES THESAURUS Coral Reef Conservation Program Theme NODC SUBMITTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS US DOC; NOAA; NMFS; Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center; Ecosystem Sciences Division Theme ASU Theme Arizona State University Theme CRED Theme CREP Theme Coral Bleaching Theme Coral Reef Ecosystem Division Theme Coral Reef Ecosystem Program Theme DAR Theme DLNR Theme Department of Land and Natural Resources Theme Division of Aquatic Resources Theme ESD Theme Ecosystem Sciences Division Theme HIMB Theme Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology Theme NPS Theme National Park Service Theme PACN Theme PIFSC Theme Pacific Island Inventory & Monitoring Network Theme Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center Theme Photoquadrat Assessments Theme REA Theme Rapid Ecological Assessments Theme SIO Theme Scripps Institute of Oceanography Theme TNC Theme The Nature Conservancy of Hawaii Theme Transect-Intercept Assessments Theme belt transect Spatial CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Hawaii > Hawaii (21N160W0000) Spatial CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Hawaii > Hawaii Island (19N155W0003) Spatial CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Hawaii > Kauai Island (22N159W0001) Spatial CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Hawaii > Molokai Island (21N157W0001) Spatial CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > French Frigate Shoals (24N166W0001) Spatial CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > Kure Atoll (28N178W0001) Spatial CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > Lisianski Island (25N173W0001) Spatial CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > Oahu (21N157W0003) Spatial CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > Pearl and Hermes Reef (27N176W0001) Spatial CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Maui > Lanai Island (20N156W0002) Spatial CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Maui > Maui Island (20N156W0004) Spatial CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaiian Islands (21N157W0027) Spatial CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands (21N157W0027 Spatial CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Hawaii > Hawaii (21N160W0000) Spatial CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Hawaii Island > Hawaii Island (19N155W0003) Spatial CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Kauai Island > Kauai Island (22N159W0001) Spatial CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Lanai Island > Lanai Island (20N156W0002) Spatial CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Maui Island > Maui Island (20N156W0004) Spatial CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Molokai Island > Molokai Island (21N157W0001) Spatial CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Oahu Island > Oahu (21N157W0003) Spatial CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands > French Frigate Shoals (24N166W0001) Spatial CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands > Kure Atoll (28N178W0001) Spatial CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands > Lisianski Island (25N173W0001) Spatial CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands > Pearl and Hermes Reef (27N176W0001) Spatial NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS North Pacific Ocean Spatial NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS Papahanaumokuakea Marine National Monument Spatial MHI Spatial Main Hawaiian Islands Spatial NWHI Spatial Northwestern Hawaiian Islands Spatial PMNM Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center Honolulu HI USA Data Set CSV Files None Planned Table (digital) The observation data (.csv) includes metadata for each survey (where, when, who, area, depth); percent live coral cover, percent bleached coral cover, average bleaching severity, and taxa specific metrics (live and bleached percent cover, average and maximum bleaching severity). The taxa list of coral species and genera (.csv) provides a lookup guide for complete taxa names per taxa codes found in the observation data. The Dataset Method List (.pdf) includes a brief description of the survey methodology used by each institution and the differences between them. https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/59192 While every effort has been made to ensure that these data are accurate and reliable within the limits of the current state of the art, NOAA cannot assume liability for any damages caused by errors or omissions in the data, nor as a result of the failure of the data to function on a particular system. NOAA makes no warranty, expressed or implied, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA Fisheries Ecosystem Sciences Division and funded by the NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program; State of Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources Division of Aquatic Resources; Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology; The Nature Conservancy of Hawaii; Arizona State University, National Park Service, and Scripps Institute of Oceanography 59192 HCBC 2019 Surveys: Obs Entities Published / External Completed Entities for the observation data from the 2019 coral bleaching surveys. Spreadsheet Yes Observation data entities compiled for 2019 bleaching surveys conducted by NOAA Ecosystem Sciences Division and other partners. Taxon6_Code TEXT No No Active Taxon (to species if possible) code for dominant Taxon 6 (optional). See HCBC_2019_TaxaList.csv for taxon scientific name. Some organizations did not record taxa level metrics, and only recorded the overall coral cover and bleaching metrics at the site level. Taxon6_Cover NUMBER No No Active Percent of living cover of Taxon 6 (0-100%). Taxon6_Bleached NUMBER No No Active Percent of Taxon 6 that was partially or fully bleached (0-100%). Taxon6_Ave_Sev NUMBER No No Active Average bleaching severity of Taxon 6 (0-4). Taxon6_Max_Sev TEXT No No Active Maximum bleaching severity of Taxon 6 (0-4). Taxon7_Code TEXT No No Active Taxon (to species if possible) code for dominant Taxon 7 (optional). See HCBC_2019_TaxaList.csv for taxon scientific name. Some organizations did not record taxa level metrics, and only recorded the overall coral cover and bleaching metrics at the site level. Taxon7_Cover NUMBER No No Active Percent of living cover of Taxon 7 (0-100%). Taxon7_Bleached NUMBER No No Active Percent of Taxon 7 that was partially or fully bleached (0-100%). Taxon7_Ave_Sev NUMBER No No Active Average bleaching severity of Taxon 7 (0-4). Taxon7_Max_Sev TEXT No No Active Maximum bleaching severity of Taxon 7 (0-4). Taxon8_Code TEXT No No Active Taxon (to species if possible) code for dominant Taxon 7 (optional). See HCBC_2019_TaxaList.csv for taxon scientific name. Some organizations did not record taxa level metrics, and only recorded the overall coral cover and bleaching metrics at the site level. Taxon8_Cover NUMBER No No Active Percent of living cover of Taxon 8 (0-100%). Taxon8_Bleached NUMBER No No Active Percent of Taxon 8 that was partially or fully bleached (0-100%). Taxon8_Ave_Sev NUMBER No No Active Average bleaching severity of Taxon 8 (0-4). Taxon8_Max_Sev TEXT No No Active Maximum bleaching severity of Taxon 8 (0-4). Cluster_DepthBin_ID TEXT No No Active Identification of cluster that the survey level data was grouped into (if data was used in analysis). Spatial auto-correlation was reconciled by performing hierarchical clustering to group survey data into distinct clusters with a spatial resolution of 1km. The data was stratified across depths to generate metrics for up to three depth bins per cluster: shallow (0-6m), mid (>6-18m), and deep (>18m). 1 Dataset_Name TEXT No No Active Descriptive name for DATASET_ID. 2 Dataset_Id TEXT No No Active Unique ID for a given dataset (13 total for 2019). Format = agency abbreviation and dataset number (e.g., DAR_01, ESD_02). 3 Organization TEXT No No Active Name of organization / office / project that owns and manages a given dataset. A dataset can be owned/managed by +1 organizations (e.g., DAR_Kona, DAR_Kauai, DAR_Maui). 4 Observer TEXT No No Active Initials of person who made this particular observation. 5 Island TEXT No No Active Name of Hawaiian island/atoll. 6 Region TEXT No No Active Name of island group (i.e. NWHI vs. MHI). MHI = main Hawaiian Islands; NWHI = Northwestern Hawaiian Islands 7 Sector TEXT No No Active Name of sub-island zone (e.g., North Hilo, South Kohala). Applicable only to islands in the MHI (not required). 8 Survey_Name TEXT No No Active Unique name for survey conducted (unique for each record in the observations data). 9 Survey_ID_InternalToYourProject TEXT No No Active Alternate survey identification internal to organization (optional). Applies to observations in the MHI only. 10 Depth_ft NUMBER No No Active Average depth in feet for the observation or survey site. Depth ranges from 2-98 ft. If null, refer to DEPTH_BIN. For HIMB surveys, the exact depth for each survey was not recorded and instead was estimated at 6.5 feet. 11 Depth_bin TEXT No No Active Depth bin was retroactively determined if the observer did not record DEPTH_FT during a survey (e.g., DAR Maui surveys). Shallow: 0–6 meters; Mid: >6–18 meters; Deep: >18 meters 12 Latitude_DD NUMBER No No Active Latitude of observation in decimal degrees (19-28.5 degrees). Assume centroid of observation area unless stated otherwise in COMMENTS_OBSERVATION (e.g., transect start, transect stop, approximated from google maps, etc.). WGS84 datum assumed unless stated otherwise. 13 Longitude_DD NUMBER No No Active Longitude of observation in decimal degrees (-178.4 to -155 degrees). Assume centroid of observation area unless stated otherwise in COMMENTS_OBSERVATION (e.g., transect start, transect stop, approximated from google maps, etc.). WGS84 datum assumed unless stated otherwise. 14 ObservationDate DATE No No Active Local date observation was made (m/d/yyyy; 8/27/2019 to 11/5/2019). 15 AreaSurveyed_m2 NUMBER No No Active Area in square meters surveyed for the observation; not the total area for the complete survey or dataset (78.5 - 393 m^2). 16 LiveCoralCover NUMBER No No Active Percent of living coral cover within the area of this observation (0-100%). If NULL, see LiveCoralCover_Bin. 17 LiveCoralCover_Bin NUMBER No No Active Percent living coral cover within the area of this observation to the nearest bin (Bin 0 = 0%, 1= 1-10%, 2 = 11-30%, 3 = 31-50%, 4 = 51-75%, 5= 76-100%). If NULL, see LiveCoralCover. 18 CoralBleached NUMBER No No Active Percent of living coral cover that was partially or fully bleached (0-100%; e.g. 5% bleached cover). If NULL, see CoralBleached_Bin. 19 CoralBleached_Bin NUMBER No No Active Percent living coral cover that was partially or fully bleached to the nearest bin (Bin 0 = 0%, 1= 1-10%, 2 = 11-30%, 3 = 31-50%, 4 = 51-75%, 5= 76-100%). If NULL, see CoralBleached. 20 BleachingSeverity NUMBER No No Active Average severity of bleaching (0 = no bleaching, 1 = slight paling, 2 = significant loss of pigmentation, 3 = almost or completely stark white, 4 = recently dead from bleaching). If recorded, CoralBleached is also recorded. Not required. 21 Taxon1_Code TEXT No No Active Taxon (to species if possible) code for dominant Taxon 1 (optional). See HCBC_2019_TaxaList.csv for taxon scientific name. Some organizations did not record taxa level metrics, and only recorded the overall coral cover and bleaching metrics at the site level. 22 Taxon1_Cover NUMBER No No Active Percent of living cover of Taxon 1 (0-100%). 23 Taxon1_Bleached NUMBER No No Active Percent of Taxon 1 that was partially or fully bleached (0-100%). 24 Taxon1_Ave_Sev NUMBER No No Active Average bleaching severity of Taxon 1 (0-4). 25 Taxon1_Max_Sev NUMBER No No Active Maximum bleaching severity of Taxon 1 (0-4). 26 Taxon2_Code TEXT No No Active Taxon (to species if possible) code for dominant Taxon 2 (optional). See HCBC_2019_TaxaList.csv for taxon scientific name. Some organizations did not record taxa level metrics, and only recorded the overall coral cover and bleaching metrics at the site level. 27 Taxon2_Cover NUMBER No No Active Percent of living cover of Taxon 2 (0-100%). 28 Taxon2_Bleached NUMBER No No Active Percent of Taxon 2 that was partially or fully bleached (0-100%). 29 Taxon2_Ave_Sev NUMBER No No Active Average bleaching severity of Taxon 2 (0-4). 30 Taxon2_Max_Sev NUMBER No No Active Maximum bleaching severity of Taxon 2 (0-4). 31 Taxon3_Code TEXT No No Active Taxon (to species if possible) code for dominant Taxon 3 (optional). See HCBC_2019_TaxaList.csv for taxon scientific name. Some organizations did not record taxa level metrics, and only recorded the overall coral cover and bleaching metrics at the site level. 32 Taxon3_Cover NUMBER No No Active Percent of living cover of Taxon 3 (0-100%). 33 Taxon3_Bleached NUMBER No No Active Percent of Taxon 3 that was partially or fully bleached (0-100%). 34 Taxon3_Ave_Sev NUMBER No No Active Average bleaching severity of Taxon 3 (0-4). 35 Taxon3_Max_Sev NUMBER No No Active Maximum bleaching severity of Taxon 3 (0-4). 36 Taxon4_Code TEXT No No Active Taxon (to species if possible) code for dominant Taxon 4 (optional). See HCBC_2019_TaxaList.csv for taxon scientific name. Some organizations did not record taxa level metrics, and only recorded the overall coral cover and bleaching metrics at the site level. 37 Taxon4_Cover NUMBER No No Active Percent of living cover of Taxon 4 (0-100%). 38 Taxon4_Bleached NUMBER No No Active Percent of Taxon 4 that was partially or fully bleached (0-100%). 39 Taxon4_Ave_Sev NUMBER No No Active Average bleaching severity of Taxon 4 (0-4). 40 Taxon4_Max_Sev NUMBER No No Active Maximum bleaching severity of Taxon 4 (0-4). 41 Taxon5_Code TEXT No No Active Taxon (to species if possible) code for dominant Taxon 5 (optional). See HCBC_2019_TaxaList.csv for taxon scientific name. Some organizations did not record taxa level metrics, and only recorded the overall coral cover and bleaching metrics at the site level. 42 Taxon5_Cover NUMBER No No Active Percent of living cover of Taxon 5 (0-100%). 43 Taxon5_Bleached NUMBER No No Active Percent of Taxon 5 that was partially or fully bleached (0-100%). 44 Taxon5_Ave_Sev NUMBER No No Active Average bleaching severity of Taxon 5 (0-4). 45 Taxon5_Max_Sev NUMBER No No Active Maximum bleaching severity of Taxon 5 (0-4). 46 Comments_Observation TEXT No No Active Additional comments or observations. 59271 HCBC 2019 Surveys: Dataset Method Entities Published / External Completed Entities for the dataset method list from the 2019 coral bleaching surveys. This table describes all methods used per dataset being submitted. It may also describe datasets to be shared or collected in the future. Two projects may use the same method. Spreadsheet Yes Dataset Method List entities compiled for 2019 bleaching surveys conducted by NOAA Ecosystem Sciences Division and other partners. 1 Dataset_Id TEXT No No Active Unique ID for a given dataset (13 total for 2019). Format = agency abbreviation and dataset number (e.g., DAR_01, ESD_02). 2 Organization_Name TEXT No No Active Name of organization / office / project that owns and manages a given dataset. A dataset can be owned/managed by +1 organizations (e.g., DAR_Kona, DAR_Kauai, DAR_Maui). 3 DataYear DATE No No Active Calendar year of survey / method. Format: YYYY. 4 GeographicArea TEXT No No Active Descriptive name for informal subgrouping - e.g., island(s) or atoll(s) in the main or Northwestern Hawaiian islands. 5 SurveyType TEXT No No Active Type of surveys conducted (e.g. Rapid Visual Assessments, Photoquadrat Assessments, or Transect-Intercept Assessments). 6 MethodOverview TEXT No No Active Description of method used for all observations in corresponding dataset. 7 Coral Cover Type Live TEXT No No Active How was percent live coral cover recorded? (i.e., in bins or to the nearest percentage?) Notes included. 8 Coral Cover Type Bleached TEXT No No Active How was percent live coral cover that was bleached recorded? (i.e., in bins or to the nearest percentage?) Notes included. 9 Bleaching Severity Recorded TEXT No No Active Was the average bleaching severity of all coral per survey recorded? (Y/N) Notes included. 10 Dominant Taxa Code TEXT No No Active Were the dominant taxa recorded per survey? (e.g., recorded per survey, most dominant species along transect, etc.) 11 Dominant Taxa Cover TEXT No No Active If dominant taxa were recorded per survey, how was the percent cover of each taxon recorded? (e.g., recorded per survey, not recorded, etc.) 12 Dominant Taxa Bleached TEXT No No Active If dominant taxa were recorded per survey, how was the percent cover of each taxon that was bleached recorded? (e.g., recorded per survey or not recorded) 13 Dominant Taxa Severity TEXT No No Active If dominant taxa were recorded per survey, how was the bleaching severity per taxon recorded? (i.e. average and/or maximum severity) 14 Depth TEXT No No Active Was the depth recorded per observation or averaged across surveys? 15 Survey Coordinates TEXT No No Active Were the coordinates of each observation recorded at each exact survey site? (e.g., recorded per survey, at beginning of 25-m transect, etc.) 16 Area Surveyed m2 NUMBER No No Active Area in square meters surveyed for the observation (not the total area for the complete survey or dataset). 17 Total Area Surveyed m2 NUMBER No No Active Total area in square meters surveyed within the referenced dataset. The sum of AreaSurveyed_m2 for all observations in a dataset should equal TotalAreaSurveyed_m2. 18 Supplier Of Dataset TEXT No No Active Full name of person who physically submitted the dataset to the Hawaii Coral Bleaching Collaborative. 19 Owner Of Record For Dataset TEXT No No Active Person who has ultimate authority over the dataset (rules vary by institution). 20 Data Authors TEXT No No Active Persons who must be credited as data authors of this dataset (separate from other product authorship). 21 Method Name TEXT No No Active Title of survey method protocol or citation for relevant publication using survey method protocol, if not described entirely under MethodOverview. 59300 HCBC 2019 Surveys: Taxa List Published / External Completed Entities for the taxa list from the 2019 coral bleaching surveys. Spreadsheet Yes Taxa list compiled for 2019 bleaching surveys (rapid visual assessments) conducted by NOAA Ecosystem Sciences Division and other partners. TAXON_NAME TEXT No No Active Taxon name to the genera or species level. CODE TEXT No No Active Unique four-letter code for TAXON_NAME. Data Set Credit 2019 Organization NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program CRCP 1305 East West Highway 10th Floor Silver Spring MD 20910-3281 (301) 713-3155 https://coralreef.noaa.gov Link to the NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program website Online Resource Data Steward 2019 Person Winston, Morgan S morgan.winston@noaa.gov 1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu HI 96818 USA (808)725-5480 Distributor 2019 Organization NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information NCEI ncei.info@noaa.gov https://ror.org/04r0wrp59 https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. Online Resource Metadata Contact 2025-11-12 Person Akridge, Michael W michael.akridge@noaa.gov 1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu HI 96818 USA (808)725-5483 Metadata Contact 2019 Person DesRochers, Annette M annette.desrochers@noaa.gov 1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu HI 96818 USA (808)725-5461 8 am - 5 pm Originator 2019 Organization Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center PIFSC pifsc.info@noaa.gov https://ror.org/02apffz65 1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu HI 96818 USA 808-725-5360 https://www.pifsc.noaa.gov Pacific Island Fisheries Science Center homepage Online Resource 8:00 a.m. - 4:30 p.m. Point of Contact 2019 Person Couch, Courtney S courtney.s.couch@noaa.gov https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5642-8765 Ground Condition Hawaiian Archipelago including the Main and Northwestern Hawaiian Islands. -178.383718 -155.01512 28.459215 19.07672 Main Hawaiian Islands (MHI), including Hawaii, Maui, Molokai, Lanai, Oahu, and Kauai, and the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands (NWHI), including French Frigate Shoals, Lisianski Island, Pearl & Hermes Reef, and Kure Atoll. Range 2019-08-20 2019-12-07 Shore-based surveys around the main Hawaiian Islands. Range 2019-08-27 2019-09-04 RA1903 Surveys conducted in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands during the 4th leg of the 2019 NOAA National Coral Reef Monitoring Program cruise. Unclassified Not applicable Not applicable NOAA Ecosystem Science Division (ESD) Data Sharing Recommendations, version 9.0 updated August 12, 2015: ESD welcomes the opportunity to collaborate on research issues contributing to the scientific basis for better management of marine ecosystems. ESD has a very diverse set of field activities that generates large volumes of data using an array of data collection protocols. The following recommendations are for your consideration as you use this data: 1) Data analyses should take all field exigencies into account. The most effective way to do this would be active collaboration with ESD principal investigators. 2) In all presentations, product releases, or publications using data generated by ESD, proper acknowledgement of both ESD and the individuals responsible for data collection is expected. Citing the DOI (if available) is preferred, a non-DOI example is listed below. 3) If you collect or generate data for the same study areas, ESD requests that you share relevant information on complimentary data collections. 4) Those receiving data are strongly urged to inform the ESD Data Management Team of any errors and discrepancies that are discovered during the course of using these data. They are further urged to bring to the attention of the Team all problems and difficulties encountered in using these data. This information is necessary in order to improve the collections and to facilitate more efficient and economical data processing and retrieval. The users are asked to supply copies of any missing data that may be located, and to provide information as to significant subsets and special aggregations of data that are developed in using the material provided. Example citation: "This publication makes use of data products provided by the Ecosystem Science Division (ESD), Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), with funding support from the NOAA Ocean Acidification Program (OAP). The analysis and interpretations presented here are solely that of the current authors.” Data can be accessed online via the NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) Ocean Archive. None Please cite the Hawaii Coral Bleaching Collaborative (NOAA Fisheries Ecosystem Sciences Division; State of Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources Division of Aquatic Resources; Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology; The Nature Conservancy of Hawaii; Arizona State University, National Park Service, and Scripps Institute of Oceanography) when using the data. Example: Hawaii Coral Bleaching Collaborative, 2021: Hawaii Coral Bleaching Collaborative: surveys for percent of bleached coral cover across the Hawaiian Archipelago from August 27 to December 7, 2019, https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/59191. None None https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0209239 2019 Organization NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information https://ror.org/04r0wrp59 HCBC_2019_Observations.csv Coral bleaching observations from surveys conducted in the Hawaiian Archipelago in 2019 by the Hawaii Coral Bleaching Collaborative. 2020-04-12T00:00:00 csv (comma-separated values) CSV - Comma Separated Values (Text) https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0209239 2019 Organization NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information https://ror.org/04r0wrp59 HCBC_2019_DatasetMethodList.pdf Description of methods used per organization in the Hawaii Coral Bleaching Collaborative to conduct coral bleaching surveys in 2019. 2020-04-09T00:00:00 PDF PDF - Adobe Portable Document Format https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0209239 2019 Organization NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information https://ror.org/04r0wrp59 HCBC_2019_TaxaList.csv Reference table of full taxa names per taxa code. 2020-04-09T00:00:00 csv (comma-separated values) CSV - Comma Separated Values (Text) https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0209239 2019 Organization NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information https://ror.org/04r0wrp59 CoralBleachingProtocol_2019_DAR.pdf This document describes the methodology developed by the State of Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, Division of Aquatic Resources to conduct coral bleaching surveys in 2019. PDF PDF - Adobe Portable Document Format https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0209239 2019 Organization NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information https://ror.org/04r0wrp59 CoralBleachingProtocol_2019_NOAA.pdf This document describes the methodology developed by NOAA Fisheries Ecosystem Sciences Division to conduct coral bleaching surveys in 2019. PDF PDF - Adobe Portable Document Format https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/feature-story/surveys-assess-2019-hawaii-coral-bleaching-event Feature Story: Surveys to Assess the 2019 Hawaiʻi Coral Bleaching Event Online Resource The raw survey data from the 2019 surveys was originally recorded by each participant of the Hawaii Coral Bleaching Collaborative before being compiled into a single multi-sheet Excel spreadsheet by the NOAA Fisheries Ecosystem Sciences Division. The sheets were then exported as separate csv files (e.g., survey observations and taxa list) for archiving. Observations were made by experienced and trained benthic survey personnel. The accuracy of species and genus level identification was high. Handheld GPS units were used to locate random sites and mark site locations. Only shallow water (0 to 30 meter depth range) hard-bottom habitats were surveyed. Randomly selected survey sites were chosen using a systematic process based on available habitat and bathymetric data. Although efforts were made to include broad spatial coverage of surveys at each island, weather conditions and other environmental constraints may affect these efforts. Observations made using the same survey method were conducted in a consistent manner, and nuances between survey methods are noted. Quality control of the data occurred at a few stages from initial data entry per institution, to data compilation into a single Excel spreadsheet. Observations, including species identification, were periodically checked during expeditions for consistency between and among divers. Data entry was usually conducted on the same day as the surveys using a data entry interface with several data controls employed, and were quality controlled by individual divers checking entry errors at a separate time. Following a mission, the data was run through rigorous quality control checks. The data was quality controlled against the physical data sheets following data entry. Yes Unknown Yes No Unknown NCEI-MD Unknown The data is captured in both physical data sheets, an external hard drive, and a NOAA Fisheries server at the Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC). The physical data sheets are housed at PIFSC. PIFSC servers are regularly backed up by PIFSC ITS. Each organization in the Hawaii Coral Bleaching Collaborative used one of three survey methodologies: rapid visual assessments, photoquadrat assessments, and transect-intercept assessments - with nuances described in the Dataset Method List. Bahr et al. (2015), The 2014 coral bleaching and freshwater flood events in Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii. PeerJ 3:e1136; DOI 10.7717/peerj.1136 2015-08-04 https://peerj.com/articles/1136/ PeerJ Bahr et al. (2017) Impact of Three Bleaching Events on the Reef Resiliency of Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii. Front. Mar. Sci. 4:398. doi: 10.3389/fmars.2017.00398 2017-12-08 https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2017.00398/full Frontiers in Marine Science Coral Bleaching SOP 2019 - DAR Organization State of Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, Division of Aquatic Resources Originator https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0209239 National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) Data Archive Standard operating protocol. Coral Bleaching SOP 2019 - NOAA Organization NOAA Fisheries Ecosystem Sciences Division Originator https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0209239 National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) Data Archive DAR CoralNet Protocol Organization State of Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, Division of Aquatic Resources Originator https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0209239 National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) Data Archive DAR Mitigation Monitoring Protocol_DRAFT Organization State of Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, Division of Aquatic Resources Originator https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0209239 National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) Data Archive NPS_PACN_BenthicImageAnalysisSOP Organization National Park Service Pacific Island Inventory & Monitoring Network Originator https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0209239 National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) Data Archive NPS_PACN_BenthicMonitoringSOP Organization National Park Service Pacific Island Inventory & Monitoring Network Originator https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0209239 National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) Data Archive PACN NPS Coral Bleaching Overview 2019 Organization National Park Service Pacific Island Inventory & Monitoring Network Originator https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0209239 National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) Data Archive Survey of Marine Resources at KÄ«pahulu, Maui 2019 Organization The Nature Conservancy Hawaii Originator 2020-01-28 https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0209239 National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) Data Archive 1 NOAA Fisheries Ecosystem Sciences Division (ESD) conducted rapid visual assessments and photoquadrat assessments of coral bleaching using the methodology outlined by the NOAA Coral Bleaching standard operating procedure for 2019. The Nature Conservancy of Hawaii (TNC) conducted rapid visual assessments of bleaching following the NOAA Coral Bleaching standard operating procedure for 2019, and photoquadrat assessments following methodology outlined in Survey of Marine Resources at Kīpahulu, Maui. Scripps Institute of Oceanography (SIO)'s Sandin Lab conducted coral bleaching surveys using the methodology outlined by the NOAA Coral Bleaching standard operating procedure for 2019. Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources (DLNR), Division of Aquatic Resources (DAR) Oahu, Kauai, Maui, and Hawaii Islands conducted rapid visual assessments of coral bleaching following the DAR and NOAA Coral Bleaching standard operating procedures for 2019. DAR Oahu also conducted photoquadrat assessments following the DAR Mitigation Monitoring Protocol (Draft) and the DAR CoralNet Protocol. Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology's Coral Reef Ecology lab conducted coral bleaching surveys in Kaneohe Bay following methods outlined in the publications Bahr et al. 2015 and Bahr et al. 2017. The Arizona State University (ASU)'s Asner Lab conducted transect-intercept surveys, the method of which are further described in the Dataset Method List. The National Park Service (NPS) National Park Service Pacific Island Inventory & Monitoring Network (PACN) conducted photoquadrat assessments of coral bleaching using the methods outlined in the PACN NPS Coral Bleaching Overview 2019, NPS_PACN_BenthicMonitoringSOP, and NPS_PACN_BenthicImageAnalysisSOP. The slight differences in metrics collected between organizations, and any changes to methodologies over time, are documented in the Dataset Method List. Person Winston, Morgan S morgan.winston@noaa.gov 1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu HI 96818 USA (808)725-5480 Not Applicable Not Applicable 59271 Entity 59192 Entity 59300 Entity 59195 Data Set Cross Reference Benthic cover annotations from imagery collected during 2019 bleaching surveys. 59193 Data Set Cross Reference Benthic imagery taken during 2019 bleaching surveys. 64324 Data Set Cross Reference gov.noaa.nmfs.inport:59191 Annette DesRochers 2020-03-31T16:20:31 SysAdmin InPortAdmin 2026-03-04T19:17:21 2021-07-09 Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center PIFSC 1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu HI 96818 USA 808-725-5300 https://www.pifsc.noaa.gov 8:00 a.m. - 4:30 p.m. 1001 Public No No 2021-07-09 1 Year 2022-07-09