62739
Including Human Well-Being in Resource Management with Cultural Ecosystem Services
Data Set
Published / External
1099
PIFSC Socioeconomics Program: Human Dimensions Research Metadata Portfolio
Project
Completed
2018
2020
This dataset includes qualitative interview data aggregated and entered into an excel csv file. We conducted 31 semi-structured interviews with West Hawaiʻi community members involved in coastal and marine conservation, in a paid or unpaid manner. Interviews were conducted between April 2018 and March 2019. We used a mixture of key informant, purposive, and snowball sampling. A total of 10 interviewees were currently in or retired from a state or federal resource management position. A total of 7 interviewees worked for non-governmental resource management organizations. A total of 9 interviewees worked for a private sector company that has a large focus on ocean conservation. A total of 12 interviewees are a member of an organization/network focused on place-based marine conservation in West Hawai‘i. Interviews asked questions about human well-being, cultural ecosystem services, changes to the marine environment, and how these changes impact them. Interviews were coded into a coding structure that has 30 level one codes, 47 level two codes, 100 level three codes, 44 level four codes, and 1 level five code. One of the 30 level one codes included, “well-being,” under which the domains of human well-being listed in previous literature [Leong et al. (2019)] became sub-codes. “Well-being” also included the sub-code “CES,” which included all CES and their associated sub-codes.
The purpose of the interviews was to understand how human well-being can be integrated into resource management and how cultural ecosystem services affect human well-being.
Theme
West Hawaii
Theme
community-based research
Theme
cultural ecosystem services
Theme
human dimensions
Theme
human well-being
Theme
indicators
Theme
integrated ecosystem assessment
Theme
place-based research
Theme
qualitative methods
Theme
socioeconomics
Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center
Honolulu
HI
USA
Main Hawaiian Islands
Data Set
CSV Files
None Planned
Table (digital)
This dataset includes qualitative interview data aggregated and entered into an excel csv file.
62817
ESD_CES-HWB_Interviews_2018-2019_final_InPort.csv
ESD_CES-HWB_Interviews_2018-2019_final_InPort.csv
Published / External
Completed
Table summarizing the number of times each code was assigned per interview.
Data Table
Yes
Table summarizing the number of times each code was assigned per interview.
1
unique_ID
Character
5
No
No
Active
Unique code for each interviewee to protect their identity.
Character
2
aina_momona
Number
1
No
No
Active
The concept that the land and ocean are abundant and plentiful; providing more than what people need or want to take.
Number
3
analogies_or_metaphors
Number
1
No
No
Active
Statements making analogies/metaphors.
Number
4
anchialine_or_fish_ponds
Number
1
No
No
Active
Any mention of anchialine ponds of fish ponds.
Number
5
aquaculture
Number
1
No
No
Active
Any time someone mentions aquaculture happening or potentially happening off of West Hawaii.
Number
6
cannot_do_anything
Number
1
No
No
Active
Any comment the speaker makes indicating that there is nothing they can do to address environmental or cultural change; can include comments about why other people cannot or do not do anything.
Number
7
changes_in_behavior_or_mindset
Number
1
No
No
Active
When a person changes their behavior in direct response to a change in the environment (which was caused by human impact, naturally, or otherwise).
Number
8
intergenerational
Number
2
No
No
Active
Changes in behavior occurred across generations.
Number
9
over_one_persons_lifetime
Number
2
No
No
Active
Changes in behavior occurred within a lifetime.
Number
10
changes_occurring_elsewhere
Number
1
No
No
Active
Participant mentions changes occurring in other places (on different islands or in a different state/country).
Number
11
connection
Number
1
No
No
Active
Any discussion of connection of system to itself or people to system here (using words like [connection] specifically).
Number
12
ancestral
Number
1
No
No
Active
Ancestral/lineal connection.
Number
13
connection_to_land
Number
1
No
No
Active
When someone is talking about their connection specifically to land or mauka (can be related to connections to ocean, or stand alone).
Number
14
connection_to_ocean
Number
2
No
No
Active
When someone is talking about their connection specifically to ocean.
Number
15
connection_via_memory
Number
1
No
No
Active
When someone is talking about their connection that they experience via memory.
Number
16
cultivating_or_stoking_a_connection
Number
2
No
No
Active
When someone is experiencing a bolster in connection.
Number
17
DISconnection
Number
2
No
No
Active
Experience or observation of disconnection.
Number
18
facilitating_a_re-connection
Number
2
No
No
Active
Experience or observation of something that creates a once existing connection.
Number
19
levels_of_connection
Number
1
No
No
Active
Description of multiple levels of connection.
Number
20
other_connections
Number
1
No
No
Active
Connections that do not fit in other categories.
Number
21
Coral_Bleaching_Event_of_2014-2015
Number
2
No
No
Active
Comments relating to the massive coral bleaching event of 2014-2015.
Number
22
fishing_license
Number
1
No
No
Active
Any mention of opinions or observations of a potential fishing license.
Number
23
hard_to_explain
Number
1
No
No
Active
Use this code any time somebody expresses a sentiment like [it is hard to explain] or [it is hard to put this in words].
Number
24
health_indicator
Number
1
No
No
Active
Mentions of reefs as indicator of overall health of the planet.
Number
25
human_community
Number
1
No
No
Active
Mentions of human community (as opposed to ecological).
Number
26
community_well-being_versus_individual_human_well-being
Number
2
No
No
Active
Specific quotes that describe how community well-being is different than human well-being.
Number
27
definitions
Number
1
No
No
Active
Descriptions of what community looks like, feels like, or can be define as.
Number
28
what_communities_do_people_belong_to_and_why
Number
2
No
No
Active
Direct answer to question.
Number
29
irreplaceable
Number
1
No
No
Active
When an interview describes something as [irreplaceable] or uses a synonym.
Number
30
lost_value
Number
2
No
No
Active
When a place, connection, activity loses value.
Number
31
memorable_quotes
Number
2
No
No
Active
Memorable quotes.
Number
32
Q-A_Healthy_coast_and_ocean
Number
2
No
No
Active
Direct response to interview question about healthy coastlines and oceans.
Number
33
reciprocity
Number
2
No
No
Active
Two-way relationship; reciprocal relationship.
Number
34
reef_or_ocean_characteristics
Number
1
No
No
Active
These codes denote when a speaker is talking about a particular aspect of the marine environment or reefs with regard to our questions of interest (e.g., change, management).
Number
35
change_valence_related_to_reef_or_ocean_characteristics
Number
1
No
No
Active
These codes can be matched with any other code to indicate change in that code in the indicated direction.
Number
36
decrease
Number
2
No
No
Active
Participant indicates that things have decreased.
Number
37
increase
Number
1
No
No
Active
Participant indicates that things have increased.
Number
38
no_change
Number
1
No
No
Active
Participant specifically indicates that things have not changed.
Number
39
no_net_change
Number
1
No
No
Active
Some things have improved, others gotten worse, overall net zero change.
Number
40
unsure
Number
1
No
No
Active
Participant specifically states that they are not sure whether or how things have changed.
Number
41
coral
Number
1
No
No
Active
Participant mentions coral specifically (not coral reef).
Number
42
coral_cover
Number
2
No
No
Active
Participant mentions coral cover specifically.
Number
43
coral_health
Number
2
No
No
Active
Participant mentions the health of the coral specifically.
Number
44
future_coastal_and_marine_changes
Number
1
No
No
Active
Participant mentions changes that can/will happen in the future, according to their perspective or observations.
Number
45
hypothetical_changes
Number
1
No
No
Active
Participant mentions a change that may or may not happen.
Number
46
marine_species_number
Number
2
No
No
Active
Participant mentions the number of marine species.
Number
47
marine_species_size
Number
1
No
No
Active
Participant mentions the size of a marine species.
Number
48
marine_species_type
Number
1
No
No
Active
Participant mentions the type of marine species.
Number
49
ocean_generally
Number
2
No
No
Active
Participant refers to the ocean generally, not specifically.
Number
50
reef_generally
Number
2
No
No
Active
Participant refers to the reefs in general, not a specific reef or component.
Number
51
shoreline_generally
Number
1
No
No
Active
Participant refers to the shoreline generally, and not a specific location or event.
Number
52
speed_of_change
Number
1
No
No
Active
The speed at which the change happens.
Number
53
fast
Number
1
No
No
Active
The changes are discussed as happening quickly.
Number
54
respect_or_loss_of_respect
Number
2
No
No
Active
When someone mentions respect for the land, ocean, elders, etc.
Number
55
responsibility_for_change
Number
1
No
No
Active
What/who is responsible for changes in reef or ocean characteristics.
Number
56
speed_of_change_2
Number
1
No
No
Active
The speed at which the change happens.
Number
57
fast_2
Number
1
No
No
Active
The changes are discussed as happening quickly.
Number
58
slow_2
Number
1
No
No
Active
The changes are discussed as happening slowly.
Number
59
what_responsible
Number
1
No
No
Active
What is discussed as being responsible for change.
Number
60
access_issues
Number
2
No
No
Active
Any mentions of access being responsible for changes.
Number
61
animal_harassment
Number
1
No
No
Active
Participant discusses humans harassing animals.
Number
62
dolphin_harassment
Number
1
No
No
Active
Harassment to specifically dolphins.
Number
63
fish_harassment
Number
1
No
No
Active
Harassment to specifically fish.
Number
64
manta_ray_harassment
Number
1
No
No
Active
Harassment to specifically manta rays.
Number
65
turtle_harassment
Number
1
No
No
Active
Harassment to specifically turtles.
Number
66
aquarium_fish_trade
Number
1
No
No
Active
Discussions of the formal aquarium fish trade.
Number
67
certain_fishing_practices
Number
1
No
No
Active
Discussions of specific fish practices.
Number
68
climate
Number
1
No
No
Active
When changes are attributed to climate.
Number
69
coral_bleaching
Number
2
No
No
Active
Specific mentions of coral bleaching.
Number
70
drought
Number
1
No
No
Active
Specific mentions of drought.
Number
71
large_storm_events
Number
2
No
No
Active
Specific mentions of large storm events.
Number
72
ocean_acidification
Number
1
No
No
Active
Specific mentions of ocean acidification.
Number
73
sea_level_rise
Number
1
No
No
Active
Specific mentions of sea level rise.
Number
74
warming_water
Number
1
No
No
Active
Specific mentions of warming water.
Number
75
commercial_fishing
Number
1
No
No
Active
Specific mentions of commercial fishing.
Number
76
creation_of_private_property
Number
1
No
No
Active
Discussions of how private property changed things.
Number
77
development
Number
2
No
No
Active
Coastal and shoreline development.
Number
78
economics
Number
2
No
No
Active
Economy, economics, in general.
Number
79
erosion
Number
1
No
No
Active
Specific mentions of erosion.
Number
80
invasive_species
Number
1
No
No
Active
Specific mentions of invasive species.
Number
81
management_or_regulations
Number
1
No
No
Active
Specific mentions of management or regulations.
Number
82
many_factors
Number
1
No
No
Active
When a participant identified that multiple factors contributed to change.
Number
83
mechanical_harm_to_the_reef
Number
1
No
No
Active
When the reef is harmed physically by human contact or direct destruction (e.g., anchors).
Number
84
media
Number
2
No
No
Active
Media responsible for changes; social media, news outlets, etc.
Number
85
overfishing
Number
1
No
No
Active
Overfishing mentioned specifically.
Number
86
pollution
Number
1
No
No
Active
Various types of pollution responsible for changes.
Number
87
ag_or_other_fertilizer_runoff
Number
1
No
No
Active
Specifically, runoff related to ag.
Number
88
marine_debris
Number
1
No
No
Active
Trash and similar objects.
Number
89
plastics
Number
1
No
No
Active
Micro plastics.
Number
90
stormwater_runoff
Number
1
No
No
Active
Runoff related to stormwater/storm drains.
Number
91
sunscreen
Number
1
No
No
Active
Chemical sunscreen damage.
Number
92
waste_water_and_sewage
Number
2
No
No
Active
Discussions related to waste water, sewage, OSDS, etc.
Number
93
population_increase
Number
2
No
No
Active
Increased population in general.
Number
94
overcrowding
Number
1
No
No
Active
Places becoming crowded or overcrowded.
Number
95
tsunami
Number
1
No
No
Active
Direct mentions of tsunami events.
Number
96
volcano
Number
1
No
No
Active
Direct mentions of volcanic activity.
Number
97
who_responsible
Number
1
No
No
Active
Who is discussed as being responsible for change.
Number
98
government_or_politicians
Number
1
No
No
Active
Any level of government.
Number
99
houseless
Number
1
No
No
Active
The population of persons who do not have homes/dwellings.
Number
100
immigrants
Number
1
No
No
Active
When an interviewee uses the term [immigrants].
Number
101
locals
Number
1
No
No
Active
People who have generational ties to Hawaii.
Number
102
Native_Hawaiians
Number
1
No
No
Active
People who have Native Hawaiian ancestry.
Number
103
new_residents
Number
1
No
No
Active
Someone who has moved to Hawaii recently; usually defined by interviewee.
Number
104
ocean_tourism_companies
Number
2
No
No
Active
Companies who conduct marine tour operations.
Number
105
people
Number
2
No
No
Active
General references to people, humans, or humanity being responsible.
Number
106
recreationalists
Number
1
No
No
Active
People participating in an activity for enjoyment or sport; not provisioning or livelihood alone.
Number
107
tourists
Number
2
No
No
Active
Short term and non-permanent visitors.
Number
108
scientific_research
Number
2
No
No
Active
Direct mention of how scientific research affects HWB or CES.
Number
109
snowball
Number
1
No
No
Active
Snowball contacts.
Number
110
social_hierarchy
Number
1
No
No
Active
When someone mentions the levels of belonging or [right to be] in a place.
Number
111
being_from_a_place_versus_moving_there
Number
2
No
No
Active
When discussions that related to the differences that occur when being from (i.e., born) a place versus moving to the place at some time.
Number
112
social_networks
Number
2
No
No
Active
Official or unofficial group.
Number
113
fishing_network
Number
1
No
No
Active
Pertains to unofficial network of fisherman in West Hawaii.
Number
114
Kai_Kuleana_Network
Number
2
No
No
Active
Pertains to official Kai Kuleana Network.
Number
115
spatial
Number
2
No
No
Active
Anytime someone mentions a way that CES or HWB could be spatially monitored, even if they are not explicitly stating it.
Number
116
stewardship
Number
1
No
No
Active
Mentions of stewardship at an organizational level; specific examples of stewardship.
Number
117
action_others_should_take_as_believed_by_speaker
Number
2
No
No
Active
Stewardship related actions that the speaker believes others should take.
Number
118
actions_others_take
Number
1
No
No
Active
Stewardship related actions that the speaker mentions that others do take.
Number
119
speaker_taking_action
Number
2
No
No
Active
Stewardship related actions that the speaker is a part of.
Number
120
surface_slicks
Number
2
No
No
Active
Direct mentions of surface slicks.
Number
121
vog
Number
1
No
No
Active
Direct mention of volcanic gases.
Number
122
well-being
Number
1
No
No
Active
Broad code: [catch-all] for people who are not specific in how they are using well-being.
Number
123
change_valence_related_to_human_experiences_or_well-being
Number
1
No
No
Active
Change related to human well-being.
Number
124
decrease_2
Number
2
No
No
Active
Examples of decreased well-being.
Number
125
increase_2
Number
1
No
No
Active
Examples of increased well-being.
Number
126
net_zero_change_2
Number
1
No
No
Active
Examples of no change overall in well-being (i.e. some good, some bad changes, evens out).
Number
127
no_change_2
Number
1
No
No
Active
Examples of no changes in well-being.
Number
128
unsure_2
Number
1
No
No
Active
Examples of uncertainty in changes to well-being.
Number
129
cultural_ecosystem_services
Number
1
No
No
Active
Intangible or non-material ecosystem services; must be referring to reefs/ocean/coastal areas.
Number
130
aesthetics
Number
2
No
No
Active
Satisfaction or meaning from visual characteristics or beauty of the reefs or coast; also includes soundscapes, feel of wind, satisfaction from sensory experiences; includes things like [i like seeing the reefs] even if do not mention beauty specifically.
Number
131
bequest
Number
2
No
No
Active
Mention of importance of reefs for future generations; includes sharing experiences with children.
Number
132
ceremony
Number
1
No
No
Active
Mention of importance of reefs for ceremonies (or greater coastal/marine area).
Number
133
education_and_knowledge
Number
2
No
No
Active
Learning or teaching opportunities or examples.
Number
134
ingenuity
Number
1
No
No
Active
Reefs help speaker think about solutions to problems (specifically from a biomimicry sort of angle).
Number
135
knowledge_transmission
Number
2
No
No
Active
Knowledge transmission from one person/entity to another (place-based, observational, formal, informal, etc.).
Number
136
local_and_traditional_knowledge
Number
2
No
No
Active
Local knowledge about the coastal and marine environment; ability to recognize the presence of environmental signs or indicators (e.g. bioindicators).
Number
137
everything_or_life
Number
1
No
No
Active
Code responses that coral reefs are [everything] or that they are [life] to this node.
Number
138
existence
Number
2
No
No
Active
Reefs matter simply because they exist, because they are part of the earth, or because they have a right to live; can include mentions of things reef does for us here that might also be supporting or regulating if the tone of the comment is that they are also valuable because they exist.
Number
139
diversity_of_reef
Number
1
No
No
Active
Existence of diversity of coral reef.
Number
140
fulfilling_stewardship
Number
2
No
No
Active
Caring for reefs or coasts because it provides benefit/satisfaction, ability to care for resources and environment.
Number
141
successorship
Number
2
No
No
Active
When someone mentions the need for the next generation to understand the importance of stewardship, specifically in a way unconnected to employment.
Number
142
traditional_or_cultural_stewardship
Number
2
No
No
Active
Customary rights and responsibilities are locally known, practiced, and respected; Sspecifically referring to caring for a culture or tradition, which can but may not always include acts of environmental stewardship.
Number
143
heritage_tradition_culture
Number
1
No
No
Active
Connection to cultural stories, traditions, past events, multi-generational interactions/connections with natural resources; archaeological and historic sites; cultural resources; acceptable historical change; [kinship;].
Number
144
Different_not_Native_Hawaiian_specifically
Number
2
No
No
Active
General reference, not necessarily related to Native Hawaiian, use this code if it is unclear what specific aspect of heritage or culture is being referred to.
Number
145
Native_Hawaiian_specifically
Number
3
No
No
Active
Specifically discussing Native Hawaiian.
Number
146
identity
Number
2
No
No
Active
Personal or communal identity if someone mentions feeling connected to the reefs because they grew up around them, or going to the beach, or something along those lines, code that to this node.
Number
147
identity_of_West_Hawaii_as_a_whole
Number
1
No
No
Active
Discussions or mentions that represent West Hawaii as a whole.
Number
148
inspiration
Number
1
No
No
Active
Broadly circulating public discourse about collective responsibilities (e.g., caring for place or malama aina); specifically for art or other forms of creative expression; local artistic or creative practices.
Number
149
novel_experience
Number
1
No
No
Active
Emergent code for reefs being valuable because they provide a novel experience; for mentions of [paradise,] combine with recreation code; combine with recreation.
Number
150
recreation
Number
2
No
No
Active
Playing, tourism, activities related to reefs; include non-extractive activities.
Number
151
sacred
Number
1
No
No
Active
Mention of reefs as having sacred or religious significance.
Number
152
sense_of_place
Number
2
No
No
Active
Mention that reefs or coastal environment contribute to [ones] sense of belonging or feeling at home there. sense of self, community, and/or home related to the coastal and marine environment.
Number
153
eating_locally_grown_and_caught_food
Number
1
No
No
Active
Importance of eating local.
Number
154
proper_place_names
Number
1
No
No
Active
Importance of using proper/traditional place names.
Number
155
social_relations
Number
2
No
No
Active
Mention of strengthening ties in family or community; presence of strong social ties or networks; sense of community; trust in neighbors.
Number
156
family_specifically
Number
2
No
No
Active
Speaking specifically of family interactions.
Number
157
sharing
Number
2
No
No
Active
The practice of sharing goods, services, time with others in the community.
Number
158
spirituality
Number
2
No
No
Active
Mention of metaphysical forces larger than oneself or beyond [ones] comprehension interacting with the coastal/ocean to perpetuate spiritual beliefs and practices (e.g., divine power).
Number
159
religion
Number
1
No
No
Active
Specifically mentions spirituality in relation to a religion.
Number
160
way_of_life_or_lifestyle
Number
2
No
No
Active
Any mentions of way of life here, and also code to identity. include provisioning services (be specific if you can) IF they make reference to an economic or provisioning component related to [way of life].
Number
161
disservice
Number
1
No
No
Active
Mentions of reefs causing harm to well-being of people/communities.
Number
162
governance_and_management
Number
1
No
No
Active
In relation to coastal and marine environment.
Number
163
access
Number
1
No
No
Active
Physical or otherwise (emotional, memory).
Number
164
decrease_3
Number
1
No
No
Active
Decreased access.
Number
165
increase_3
Number
2
No
No
Active
Increased access.
Number
166
adaptive_management
Number
2
No
No
Active
Contemporary or community/traditional entities mentioning adaptive management.
Number
167
another_level_of_community
Number
1
No
No
Active
In vivo code: communities formed by governance structures or interest rather than geography.
Number
168
co-management
Number
2
No
No
Active
Contemporary and community working together.
Number
169
common_pool_resource_issue
Number
2
No
No
Active
In vivo code: discussion about common pool resources in a manner that suggests the resource is being impacted by common pool [rules] or specifically considered common pool.
Number
170
contemporary_mgmt
Number
2
No
No
Active
Formal, [western] style natural resource management.
Number
171
control_over_lineal_land
Number
2
No
No
Active
In vivo code: discussions about control over lineal land.
Number
172
effectiveness_or_success_of_management
Number
2
No
No
Active
Perceptions of management, permits, and regulation; adequate funding and staff capacity for achieving management objectives; partners and collaboration.
Number
173
marine_management_areas
Number
2
No
No
Active
Legally recognized.
Number
174
merging_traditional_w_contemporary_mgmt
Number
2
No
No
Active
Discussion of ways the modern resource management is or potentially could be conducted in tangent with traditional management styles.
Number
175
political_participation_and_equity
Number
2
No
No
Active
Participation in marine management decision-making processes and leadership; stakeholder processes; exercising rights/interest in politics; management reflects local and traditional values.
Number
176
regulations
Number
2
No
No
Active
Legally enacted marine laws.
Number
177
succession
Number
1
No
No
Active
When people mention the younger generations taking over management of resources in management positions.
Number
178
trust
Number
2
No
No
Active
Trusting contemporary management entities is mentioned or implied (existing or lacking).
Number
179
health
Number
1
No
No
Active
Human health.
Number
180
mental_and_emotional_health
Number
2
No
No
Active
Mental/emotional health is mentioned or implied.
Number
181
perspective
Number
1
No
No
Active
Participant mentions their own perspectives on mental/emotional health.
Number
182
nutritional_health
Number
1
No
No
Active
Specific mentions to nutritional health.
Number
183
physical_health
Number
2
No
No
Active
Physical health is mentioned or implied.
Number
184
negative_emotions
Number
1
No
No
Active
Mentions of how coast/marine create negative emotions.
Number
185
anger
Number
1
No
No
Active
Interviewee mentioned exact word or synonym.
Number
186
annoying
Number
1
No
No
Active
Interviewee mentioned exact word or synonym.
Number
187
disheartened
Number
1
No
No
Active
Interviewee mentioned exact word or synonym.
Number
188
fear
Number
1
No
No
Active
Interviewee mentioned exact word or synonym.
Number
189
frustration
Number
2
No
No
Active
Interviewee mentioned exact word or synonym.
Number
190
sadness
Number
2
No
No
Active
Interviewee mentioned exact word or synonym.
Number
191
stress
Number
1
No
No
Active
Interviewee mentioned exact word or synonym.
Number
192
neutral_well-being
Number
1
No
No
Active
Claims that reefs do not affect well-being (can put negative well-being here as well as a placeholder).
Number
193
positive_emotions
Number
1
No
No
Active
Mentions of how coast/marine create positive emotions.
Number
194
calm_or_stress_relief
Number
1
No
No
Active
Interviewee mentioned exact word or synonym.
Number
195
enjoyment
Number
1
No
No
Active
Interviewee mentioned exact word or synonym.
Number
196
excitement
Number
1
No
No
Active
Interviewee mentioned exact word or synonym.
Number
197
happiness
Number
1
No
No
Active
Interviewee mentioned exact word or synonym.
Number
198
hope
Number
1
No
No
Active
Interviewee mentioned exact word or synonym.
Number
199
joy
Number
1
No
No
Active
Interviewee mentioned exact word or synonym.
Number
200
provisioning_ecosystem_services
Number
1
No
No
Active
Must be referring to reefs/coastal areas.
Number
201
biochemicals
Number
1
No
No
Active
Examples of provisioning ecosystem services as biochemicals.
Number
202
economic_support
Number
1
No
No
Active
Examples of how provisioning ecosystem services provide economic support.
Number
203
tourism_money
Number
1
No
No
Active
Specifically referring to money/economy related to tourism.
Number
204
food
Number
2
No
No
Active
Examples of provisioning ecosystem services as food.
Number
205
crab
Number
1
No
No
Active
Any species of crab but must be referring to eating crab.
Number
206
fish
Number
2
No
No
Active
Any species of fish but must be referring to eating fish.
Number
207
kalo
Number
1
No
No
Active
Taro; Colocasia esculenta; but must be referring to eating.
Number
208
limu
Number
1
No
No
Active
Seaweed; but must be referring to eating.
Number
209
octopus
Number
1
No
No
Active
Must be referring to eating.
Number
210
opihi
Number
1
No
No
Active
Limpet; must be referring to eating.
Number
211
other_seafood
Number
1
No
No
Active
Eating seafood.
Number
212
resources_equal_icebox
Number
1
No
No
Active
In vivo code: resources discussed in a way that equates the marine environment with storage.
Number
213
salt
Number
1
No
No
Active
Gathering/eating salt.
Number
214
turtles
Number
1
No
No
Active
Eating turtles; a practice that is illegal but has historically been an issue.
Number
215
regulating_ecosystem_services
Number
1
No
No
Active
Must be referring to reefs/coastal areas.
Number
216
storm_protection
Number
1
No
No
Active
Coastal/marine protection from storm events.
Number
217
water_purification
Number
1
No
No
Active
Water purification processes.
Number
218
water_regulation
Number
1
No
No
Active
Water regulation processes.
Number
219
safety_and_security
Number
2
No
No
Active
Security and safety related to real or perceived environmental risks.
Number
220
supporting_ecosystem_services
Number
1
No
No
Active
Must be referring to reefs/coastal areas.
Number
221
primary_production
Number
1
No
No
Active
E.g., photosynthesis.
Number
222
structure_of_ecosystem
Number
1
No
No
Active
Structure of coral reef, or shoreline ecosystem.
Number
223
Total
Number
4
No
No
Active
Total number of times all codes used across all interviews.
Number
Data Steward
2025-11-12
Person
Hospital, Justin D
justin.hospital@noaa.gov
1845 Wasp Blvd.
Honolulu
HI
96818
USA
(808)725-5399
Data Steward
2020
Person
Leong, Kirsten M
kirsten.leong@noaa.gov
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5798-5977
1845 Wasp Blvd.
Honolulu
HI
96818
USA
(808)725-5398
Kirsten.Leong@noaa.gov
Distributor
2020
Organization
Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center
PIFSC
pifsc.info@noaa.gov
https://ror.org/02apffz65
1845 Wasp Blvd.
Honolulu
HI
96818
USA
808-725-5360
https://www.pifsc.noaa.gov
Pacific Island Fisheries Science Center homepage
Online Resource
8:00 a.m. - 4:30 p.m.
email or phone: 808-725-5399
Metadata Contact
2025-11-12
Person
Hospital, Justin D
justin.hospital@noaa.gov
1845 Wasp Blvd.
Honolulu
HI
96818
USA
(808)725-5399
Metadata Contact
2020
Person
Leong, Kirsten M
kirsten.leong@noaa.gov
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5798-5977
1845 Wasp Blvd.
Honolulu
HI
96818
USA
(808)725-5398
kirsten.leong@noaa.gov
Point of Contact
2025-11-12
Person
Hospital, Justin D
justin.hospital@noaa.gov
1845 Wasp Blvd.
Honolulu
HI
96818
USA
(808)725-5399
Point of Contact
2020
Person
Leong, Kirsten M
kirsten.leong@noaa.gov
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5798-5977
1845 Wasp Blvd.
Honolulu
HI
96818
USA
(808)725-5398
Kirsten.Leong@noaa.gov
Ground Condition
West Coast of Hawaii Island
Range
2018-04
2019-03
interviews were conducted between April 2018 and March 2019
Unclassified
contact Point of Contact or Data Steward
contact Point of Contact or Data Steward
contact Point of Contact or Data Steward
contact Point of Contact or Data Steward
https://oceanwatch.pifsc.noaa.gov/xfer/PIFSC_PIRO_bulk_data_download_InPort_62739.tgz
2020
Organization
Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center
https://ror.org/02apffz65
ESD_CES-HWB_Interviews_2018-2019_final_InPort.csv
This dataset includes qualitative interview data aggregated and entered into an excel csv file.
csv (comma-separated values)
CSV - Comma Separated Values (Text)
We used a mixture of key informant, purposive, and snowball sampling. A total of 10 interviewees were currently in or retired from a state or federal resource management position. A total of 7 interviewees worked for non-governmental resource management organizations. A total of 9 interviewees worked for a private sector company that has a large focus on ocean conservation. A total of 12 interviewees are a member of an organization/network focused on place-based marine conservation in West Hawai‘i.
The data represent the opinions and beliefs of the participants of these interviews.
We used a mixture of key informant, purposive, and snowball sampling. A total of 10 interviewees were currently in or retired from a state or federal resource management position. A total of 7 interviewees worked for non-governmental resource management organizations. A total of 9 interviewees worked for a private sector company that has a large focus on ocean conservation. A total of 12 interviewees are a member of an organization/network focused on place-based marine conservation in West Hawai‘i.
This dataset includes qualitative interview data aggregated and entered into an excel csv file. We conducted semi-structured interviews with West Hawaiʻi community members involved in coastal and marine conservation, in a paid or unpaid manner between April 2018 and March 2019. We used a mixture of key informant, purposive, and snowball sampling. Interviews were conducted in the English, the primary language of all interviewees. Interviews asked questions about human well-being, cultural ecosystem services, changes to the marine environment, and how these changes impact them.
Including Human Well-Being in Resource Management with Cultural Ecosystem Services
Person
Kirsten Leong
Originator
1
Interviews were coded into a coding structure that has 30 level one codes, 47 level two codes, 100 level three codes, 44 level four codes, and 1 level five code. One of the 30 level one codes included, “well-being,” under which the domains of human well-being listed in Leong et al. (2019) became sub-codes. “Well-being” also included the sub-code “CES,” which included all CES and their associated sub-codes.
Person
Leong, Kirsten M
kirsten.leong@noaa.gov
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5798-5977
1845 Wasp Blvd.
Honolulu
HI
96818
USA
(808)725-5398
Including Human Well-Being in Resource Management with Cultural Ecosystem Services
62817
Entity
ESD_CES-HWB_Interviews_2018-2019_final_InPort.csv
gov.noaa.nmfs.inport:62739
Justin Hospital
2020-08-13T02:54:27
SysAdmin InPortAdmin
2026-03-04T19:17:24
2020-12-18
Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center
PIFSC
1845 Wasp Blvd.
Honolulu
HI
96818
USA
808-725-5300
https://www.pifsc.noaa.gov
8:00 a.m. - 4:30 p.m.
1001
Public
No
No
2020-12-18
1 Year
2021-12-18