65072 Fish grazing metrics Data Set Published / External 65071 PIFSC Publication Project Completed 2022-07 2023-08-11 The database described here consists of foraging metrics of herbivorous fishes (bite rate, bite area, bite volume, proportion of bites that leave grazing scars) extracted from relevant publications. All data were already publicly available either in the form of information reported in a publication or data were shared publicly via data repositories. Observations included in the database took place in tropical waters excluding locations in the Atlantic Ocean. Focal fish species were herbivores that are found in the nearshore waters of the United States Pacific Islands. The database also includes the body length of every fish, and information about sea surface temperate, time of day, and depth as available per measured bite rate. This referential tool compiles and standardizes grazing metrics across various studies of herbivorous fishes, as well as integrates sea surface temperature from satellite data for each study. The publication associated with this dataset can be accessed here: https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.4791 Global synthesis of information currently available about fish foraging metrics of Pacific species that inform herbivory and bioerosion on nearshore shallow reefs. Kindinger, Tye L., Thomas C. Adam, Julia K. Baum, Sean A. Dimoff, Andrew S. Hoey, and Ivor D. Williams. 2024. “ Herbivory through the Lens of Ecological Processes across Pacific Coral Reefs.” Ecosphere 15(2): e4791. https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.4791 Additional data used in the synthesis that were provided by owners that are not included in this database was due to not having direct ownership of those data nor permission from the owners to share those data. 10.25921/ymn7-0m52 NOAA Theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords EARTH SCIENCE > AGRICULTURE > ANIMAL SCIENCE > ANIMAL ECOLOGY AND BEHAVIOR Theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords EARTH SCIENCE > BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION > ANIMALS/VERTEBRATES > FISH Theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords EARTH SCIENCE > BIOSPHERE > ECOSYSTEMS > MARINE ECOSYSTEMS > REEF > CORAL REEF Theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords EARTH SCIENCE > BIOSPHERE > VEGETATION > HERBIVORY Theme ISO 19115 Topic Category biota Theme ISO 19115 Topic Category oceans Theme CoRIS Discovery Thesaurus Numeric Data Sets > Biology Theme CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Ecological Dynamics > Herbivory Theme CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Bathymetry/Seafloor Topography > Water Depth Theme CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs Theme CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs > Coral Reef Ecology Theme CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Marine Biology > Fish Theme CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Marine Biology > Fish > Fish Behavior Theme CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Ocean Temperature > Sea Surface Temperature Theme NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS FISH - CORAL REEF Theme NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS FISH SPECIES Theme NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS LATITUDE Theme NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS LONGITUDE Theme NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS SPECIES IDENTIFICATION Theme NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS SPECIES IDENTIFICATION - ORGANISM LENGTH Theme NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS WATER DEPTH - AVERAGE Theme NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS WATER TEMPERATURE Theme NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS in situ Theme NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS satellite data Theme NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS survey - biological Theme NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS visual estimate Theme NODC PROJECT NAMES THESAURUS CORAL REEF STUDIES Theme NODC PROJECT NAMES THESAURUS Coral Reef Conservation Program Theme NODC SUBMITTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS US DOC; NOAA; NMFS; Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center; Ecosystem Sciences Division Theme ESD Theme Ecosystem Sciences Division Theme PIFSC Theme Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center Spatial CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Indian Ocean Spatial CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean Spatial CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Coral Sea Spatial NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS Pacific Ocean Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center Honolulu HI USA Data Set CSV Files None Planned Table (digital) The observation data (.csv) includes metadata about the data source and location of collection. Observations of bite rates also include corresponding sea surface temperature (from satellite data), depth, and time of day when such information was provided by a data source. While every effort has been made to ensure that these data are accurate and reliable within the limits of the current state of the art, NOAA cannot assume liability for any damages caused by errors or omissions in the data, nor as a result of the failure of the data to function on a particular system. NOAA makes no warranty, expressed or implied, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA Fisheries, Ecosystem Sciences Division and funded by the NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program 65073 Database Grazing Metrics: Data Dictionary Published / External Completed Spreadsheet Yes Entities and attributes for database. 1 ID_study TEXT No No Active Unique identifier assigned to each source study. 2 ID_citation TEXT No No Active Full citation of each source study. 4 METHD_gen TEXT No No Active General methods used to measure response metric. 5 LOCN_gen TEXT No No Active General region of study. 6 LOCN_reg_isl TEXT No No Active Within-region area or island of study. 7 LOCN_site TEXT No No Active Information about specific study site. 9 LOCN_hab TEXT No No Active Information about habitat of study area. 10 LOCN_lat NUMERIC No No Active Latitude of LOCN_reg_isl or LOCN_site (finest scale reported). 11 LOCN_long NUMERIC No No Active Longitude of LOCN_reg_isl or LOCN_site (finest scale reported). 12 LOCN_mult_coord TEXT No No Active List of coordinates (latitude, longitude) when observations took place at multiple locations. 16 SST_mean NUMERIC No No Active Mean monthly sea-surface temperature (SST) calculated from satellite data (applies only to observations of bite rate). 17 SST_sd NUMERIC No No Active Standard deviation of monthly sea-surface temperature (SST) calculated from satellite data (applies only to observations of bite rate). 18 DEPTH_m NUMERIC No No Active Reported depth (meters) of observation(s) (applies only to observations of bite rate). 19 TIME_day_num NUMERIC No No Active Reported time of day (military time as an integer) of observation(s) (applies only to observations of bite rate). 20 FISH_family TEXT No No Active Taxonomic family of observed fish. 21 FISH_genus TEXT No No Active Taxonomic genus of observed fish. 22 FISH_species TEXT No No Active Taxonomic species of observed fish. 23 FISH_sciname TEXT No No Active Scientific name of observed fish. 24 SIZE_type_final TEXT No No Active Metric of fish size: length of individual fish (indiv), mean length of observed fish (mean), or midpoint of range in lengths of observed fish (midpt). 25 SIZE_range_deltacm NUMERIC No No Active Total range in fish size (cm) that "midpt" in SIZE_type_final represents. 26 SIZE_cm_TL NUMERIC No No Active Fish size (cm total length [TL]). 27 SIZE_Lmax_cmTL NUMERIC No No Active Maximum size (cm total length [TL]) of FISH_sciname. 28 DATA_source TEXT No No Active Location of accessed public data. 29 DATA_thief TEXT No No Active Indicator of whether DataThief software was used to extract data from figures/plots in DATA_source. 30 DATA_type TEXT No No Active Format of response values: aggregated data summary (e.g., mean and error; agg) or individual response (raw). 31 DATA_N NUMERIC No No Active Reported sample size when DATA_type_orig is "agg". 33 RESP_gen TEXT No No Active Response metric. 35 RESP_calc TEXT No No Active Notable details about how RESP_gen was calculated if varied from standard methods. 36 RESP_unit TEXT No No Active Units of RESP_gen. 39 RESP_value NUMERIC No No Active Response value. 40 RESP_err NUMERIC No No Active Error when DATA_type_orig is "agg". 41 RESP_err_unit TEXT No No Active Type of error metric reported in RESP_err. Data Set Credit 2022 Organization NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program CRCP 1305 East West Highway 10th Floor Silver Spring MD 20910-3281 (301) 713-3155 https://coralreef.noaa.gov Link to the NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program website Online Resource Data Steward 2025-11-12 Person Shantz, Andrew andrew.shantz@noaa.gov Data Steward 2022 Person Kindinger, Tye tye.kindinger@noaa.gov https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4946-790X Distributor 2022 Organization NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information NCEI ncei.info@noaa.gov https://ror.org/04r0wrp59 https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. Online Resource Metadata Contact 2022 Person Luers, Lori H lori.luers@noaa.gov 1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu HI 96818 USA Originator 2022 Organization Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center PIFSC pifsc.info@noaa.gov https://ror.org/02apffz65 1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu HI 96818 USA 808-725-5360 https://www.pifsc.noaa.gov Pacific Island Fisheries Science Center homepage Online Resource 8:00 a.m. - 4:30 p.m. Point of Contact 2025-11-12 Person Shantz, Andrew andrew.shantz@noaa.gov Point of Contact 2022 Person Kindinger, Tye tye.kindinger@noaa.gov https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4946-790X Extent of datasets compiled in the database. 34.7333333 -149.822307 29.6 -23.4397222 Range of datasets included in this resource Range 1985-09 2019 Range for which data was collected to develop the database of grazing metrics for herbivorous fishes of the Indo-Pacific. Unclassified Not applicable Not applicable NOAA Ecosystem Science Division (ESD) Data Sharing Recommendations, version 9.0 updated August 12, 2015: ESD welcomes the opportunity to collaborate on research issues contributing to the scientific basis for better management of marine ecosystems. ESD has a very diverse set of field activities that generates large volumes of data using an array of data collection protocols. The following recommendations are for your consideration as you use this data: 1) Data analyses should take all field exigencies into account. The most effective way to do this would be active collaboration with ESD principal investigators. 2) In all presentations, product releases, or publications using data generated by ESD, proper acknowledgement of both ESD and the individuals responsible for data collection is expected. Citing the DOI (if available) is preferred, a non-DOI example is listed below. 3) If you collect or generate data for the same study areas, ESD requests that you share relevant information on complimentary data collections. 4) Those receiving data are strongly urged to inform the ESD Data Management Team of any errors and discrepancies that are discovered during the course of using these data. They are further urged to bring to the attention of the Team all problems and difficulties encountered in using these data. This information is necessary in order to improve the collections and to facilitate more efficient and economical data processing and retrieval. The users are asked to supply copies of any missing data that may be located, and to provide information as to significant subsets and special aggregations of data that are developed in using the material provided. Example citation: "This publication makes use of data products provided by the Ecosystem Science Division (ESD), Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), with funding support from the NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program (CRCP). The analysis and interpretations presented here are solely that of the current authors.” Data can be accessed online via the NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) Ocean Archive. None Please cite NOAA Fisheries, Ecosystem Science Division (ESD) when using the data. Example: Ecosystem Science Division; Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, 2022: Database of Grazing Metrics of Herbivorous Fishes, https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/65072. None None https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0259399 2022 Organization NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information https://ror.org/04r0wrp59 ESD_GrazMet_Data_2023.csv This database consists of measurements of feeding variables of herbivorous fish and corresponding metadata that have been extracted from publications. https://doi.org/10.25921/ymn7-0m52 csv (comma-separated values) CSV - Comma Separated Values (Text) https://coralreef.noaa.gov/ NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program Online Resource https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.4791 Herbivory through the lens of ecological processes across Pacific coral reefs Online Resource pdf Publication associated with this dataset https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/feature-story/better-chance-resilience-using-hungry-fish-conserve-coral-reefs A Better Chance for Resilience: Using Hungry Fish to Conserve Coral Reefs Online Resource Feature story about the synthesis of grazing metrics by herbivorous fishes and applications for informing management. https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/pacific-islands/climate/climate-change-time-series-research-videos Time Series Tuesdays: The Role of Herbivores in Promoting Reef Persistence Online Resource Feature video about the synthesis of grazing metrics by herbivorous fishes and applications for informing management. https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/region/pacific-islands#science NOAA Fisheries Pacific Islands Region - Science Overview Online Resource Observations are available in a csv file, and were collected from publicly available data online or through data repositories. DataThief III Software was used to extract values as needed from figures in publications. Accuracy of individual sources of observations may be traced back to the original publications and authors. See Kindinger et al. XXXX See Kindinger et al. XXXX See Kindinger et al. XXXX. Yes Unknown Yes No Unknown NCEI-MD Unknown NOAA IRC and NOAA Fisheries ITS resources and assets. Compilation of measures of bite rate, bite size, and proportion of bites that leave scars of herbivorous fishes with corresponding information about fish body length and various covariates from data sourced from scientific publications and technical reports, public fish database, and satellite data. Froese, R., and D. Pauly, editors. 2021. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication https://www.fishbase.org FishBase NOAA Coral Reef Watch. 2021. SST and SST Anomaly, NOAA Global Coral Bleaching Monitoring, 5km, V.3.1, Monthly, 1985-Present. (Jan. 01, 1985-Dec. 31, 2019). NOAA Coral Reef Watch, College Park, Maryland, USA https://coastwatch.pfeg.noaa.gov/erddap/griddap/NOAA_DHW_monthly.html NOAA Coral Reef Watch 1 All data were already publicly available either in the form of information reported in a publication or data were shared publicly via data repositories. Information from relevant publications were extracted from tables, data repositories, or figures using DataThief III software for manual extraction from figures as needed. Person Kindinger, Tye tye.kindinger@noaa.gov https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4946-790X 2 Information about maximum body lengths and length-conversion metrics per fish species were from the public database, Fishbase (Froese and Pauly 2021). Froese, R., and D. Pauly, editors. 2021. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication 3 The mean monthly sea-surface temperature of the location of each observed bite rate was calculated using the following satellite data layer: SST and SST Anomaly, NOAA Global Coral Bleaching Monitoring, 5 km, V.3.1, Monthly (NOAA Coral Reef Watch 2021). NOAA Coral Reef Watch. 2021. SST and SST Anomaly, NOAA Global Coral Bleaching Monitoring, 5km, V.3.1, Monthly, 1985-Present. (Jan. 01, 1985-Dec. 31, 2019). NOAA Coral Reef Watch, College Park, Maryland, USA Not Applicable Not Applicable 65073 Entity gov.noaa.nmfs.inport:65072 Brooke Olenski 2021-07-26T22:23:54 SysAdmin InPortAdmin 2026-03-04T19:17:24 2023-08-21 Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center PIFSC 1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu HI 96818 USA 808-725-5300 https://www.pifsc.noaa.gov 8:00 a.m. - 4:30 p.m. 1001 Public No No 2022-10-01 1 Year 2023-10-01