Submarine Cables

Office for Coastal Management
Data Set (DS) | ID: 66190 | Published / External
Created: 2021-12-22   |   Last Modified: 2025-02-20

Parent: MarineCadastre
Project (PRJ) | ID: 37232

ID: 66190
Data Set (DS)

* Discovery
• First Pass
» Metadata Rubric

Item Identification

* » Title Submarine Cables
Short Name  
* Status Completed
Creation Date  
Revision Date  
• Publication Date 2025-02-19
* » Abstract

These data show the general location of commercial and research submarine cables within U.S. waters. The majority of these cables are for telecommunications, and the remaining are for power transmission. The geographic footprint for each cable may vary and is dependent on the original source data. In the nearshore, cables are routinely buried below the seabed. In the offshore, they are placed directly on the seabed. A submarine cable area may contain one or more physical cables. 30 CFR 585.301 defines a minimum 100-foot-wide right of way grant on each side of a cable.
* Purpose

To support ocean planning activities pursuant to the Executive Order Regarding the Ocean Policy to Advance the Economic, Security, and Environmental Interests of the United States, the Energy Policy Act, the National Environmental Policy Act, the Rivers and Harbors Act, and the Coastal Zone Management Act.
Notes
Other Citation Details
• Supplemental Information

Bureau Code: 006:48, Program Code: 006:055
DOI (Digital Object Identifier)  
DOI Registration Authority  
DOI Issue Date  

Keywords

Theme Keywords

Thesaurus Keyword
Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords EARTH SCIENCE > HUMAN DIMENSIONS > ENVIRONMENTAL GOVERNANCE/MANAGEMENT
ISO 19115 Topic Category oceans
ISO 19115 Topic Category planningCadastre
   
   
   

Temporal Keywords

Thesaurus Keyword
   
   
   

* Spatial Keywords

Thesaurus Keyword
Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords CONTINENT > NORTH AMERICA > UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
None Exclusive Economic Zone
None Outer Continental Shelf
None Territorial Sea
   
   
   

Stratum Keywords

Thesaurus Keyword
   
   
   

Instrument Keywords

Thesaurus Keyword
   
   
   

Platform Keywords

Thesaurus Keyword
   
   
   

Physical Location

• » Organization Office for Coastal Management
• » City Charleston
• » State/Province SC
• Country  
• » Location Description

Data Set Information

* Data Set Scope Code Data Set
• Data Set Type  
• Maintenance Frequency Annually
Maintenance Note
» Data Presentation Form Map (digital)
• Entity Attribute Overview

shortName, cableSystem, owner, status, region
Entity Attribute Detail Citation
Entity Attribute Detail URL  
Distribution Liability

https://www.marinecadastre.gov/about/disclaimer.html
Data Set Credit NOAA Office for Coastal Management

Support Roles

» At least one Distributor Org, one Metadata Contact, one Point of Contact, and one Data Steward should be listed.
* » Support Role Point of Contact
* » Date Effective From 2018-06
Date Effective To
Organization NOAA Office for Coastal Management (NOAA/OCM)
Address 2234 South Hobson Ave
Charleston, SC 29405-2413
Email Address coastal.info@noaa.gov
Phone (843) 740-1202
Fax  
Mobile  
URL https://coast.noaa.gov
Business Hours  
Contact Instructions
* » Support Role
* » Date Effective From
Date Effective To
* » Contact
* Contact Instructions
* » Support Role
* » Date Effective From
Date Effective To
* » Contact
* Contact Instructions
* » Support Role
* » Date Effective From
Date Effective To
* » Contact
* Contact Instructions

Extents

Currentness Reference Publication Date

Extent Group 1

Extent Description

Extent Group 1 / Geographic Area 1

* » W° Bound -180
* » E° Bound 180
* » N° Bound 71.795736
* » S° Bound -14.281102
* » Description

Extent Group 1 / Vertical Extent

EPSG Code
Vertical Minimum
Vertical Maximum

Extent Group 1 / Time Frame

* » Time Frame Type
* » Start
End
Alternate Start as of Info
Alternate End as of Info
Description

Spatial Information

Spatial Resolution

Angular Distance  
Angular Distance Units  
Horizontal Distance  
Horizontal Distance Units  
Vertical Distance  
Vertical Distance Units  
Equivalent Scale Denominator  
Level of Detail Description

Spatial Representation

Grid Representation Used? No
Vector Representation Used? Yes
Text / Table Representation Used? No
TIN Representation Used? No
Stereo Model Representation Used? No
Video Representation Used? No

Grid Representation

Dimension Count
Cell Geometry
Transformation Parameter Available?  

Axis Dimension
Dimension Type
Size
Resolution
Resolution Units
Resolution Type
Description

Axis Dimension
Dimension Type
Size
Resolution
Resolution Units
Resolution Type
Description

Vector Representation

Topology Level Geometry Only
Complex Object Present? No
Complex Object Count  
Composite Object Present? No
Composite Object Count  
Curve Object Present? No
Curve Object Count  
Point Object Present? No
Point Object Count  
Solid Object Present? No
Solid Object Count  
Surface Object Present? Yes
Surface Object Count 2816

Vector Representation

Topology Level
Complex Object Present?  
Complex Object Count
Composite Object Present?  
Composite Object Count
Curve Object Present?  
Curve Object Count
Point Object Present?  
Point Object Count
Solid Object Present?  
Solid Object Count
Surface Object Present?  
Surface Object Count

Reference Systems

Reference System

EPSG Code EPSG:4269

Horizontal Resolution
Horizontal Encoding Method  
Latitude Resolution  
Longitude Resolution  
Coordinate X Resolution  
Coordinate Y Resolution  
Row Resolution  
Column Resolution  
Horizontal Units  
Distance Resolution  
Distance Units  
Bearing Resolution  
Bearing Units  
Reference Direction  
Reference Meridian  

Vertical Resolution
Vertical Encoding Method  
Vertical Resolution  
Vertical Units  

Reference System

EPSG Code

Horizontal Resolution
Horizontal Encoding Method
Latitude Resolution
Longitude Resolution
Coordinate X Resolution
Coordinate Y Resolution
Row Resolution
Column Resolution
Horizontal Units
Distance Resolution
Distance Units
Bearing Resolution
Bearing Units
Reference Direction
Reference Meridian

Vertical Resolution
Vertical Encoding Method
Vertical Resolution
Vertical Units

Access Information

Data License  
Data License URL  
Data License Statement
* » Security Class Unclassified
* Security Classification System
Security Handling Description
• Data Access Policy
» Data Access Procedure
• » Data Access Constraints
• Data Use Constraints

For coastal and ocean planning
Metadata Access Constraints
Metadata Use Constraints

Distribution Information

Start Date  
» Download URL https://marinecadastre.gov/data
Distributor
File Name  
Description

Marine Cadastre Data Registry
File Date/Time  
File Type (Deprecated)  
Distribution Format  
File Size  
Application Version  
Compression  
Review Status  
Start Date  
» Download URL https://marinecadastre.gov/downloads/data/mc/SubmarineCable.zip
Distributor
File Name  
Description
File Date/Time  
File Type (Deprecated)  
Distribution Format  
File Size  
Application Version  
Compression  
Review Status  
Start Date
End Date
» Download URL
Distributor
File Name
Description
File Date/Time
File Type
FGDC Content Type
File Size
Application Version
Compression
Review Status
Start Date
End Date
» Download URL
Distributor
File Name
Description
File Date/Time
File Type
FGDC Content Type
File Size
Application Version
Compression
Review Status
Start Date
End Date
» Download URL
Distributor
File Name
Description
File Date/Time
File Type
FGDC Content Type
File Size
Application Version
Compression
Review Status

Archive Information

Location
File Identifier
File Name
URL
Description
DOI
Archive Date
Archive Update Frequency
Location
File Identifier
File Name
URL
Description
DOI
Archive Date
Archive Update Frequency
Location
File Identifier
File Name
URL
Description
DOI
Archive Date
Archive Update Frequency

URLs

URL
Name
URL Type
File Resource Format
Description
URL
Name
URL Type
File Resource Format
Description
URL
Name
URL Type
File Resource Format
Description

Activity Log

Activity Time
Activity Type
Responsible Party
Description
Activity Time
Activity Type
Responsible Party
Description
Activity Time
Activity Type
Responsible Party
Description

Issues

Issue Date
Author
Issue
Issue Date
Author
Issue
Issue Date
Author
Issue

Technical Environment

Description

Microsoft Windows, ArcGIS Pro, Azure SQL

Data Quality

Representativeness
Accuracy

Untested
Analytical Accuracy
Horizontal Positional Accuracy

Compiled to meet 10 meters horizontal accuracy at 95% confidence level
Vertical Positional Accuracy
Quantitation Limits
Bias
Comparability
Completeness Measure
Precision
Analytical Precision
Field Precision
Sensitivity
Detection Limit
Completeness Report

1) Does not include features for some U.S. Pacific territories

2) Does not include some or all segments of the AMX1, and GCN cables in Puerto Rico, and HANTRU 1, and PIPE cables in the Guam area

3) Does not include the complete geometry for all cables out to the limit of the EEZ due to a lack of source data

4) Cables known to have been recovered are not included

5) Includes features from source material thru 2024-09-30
Conceptual Consistency

These data are logically consistent
» Quality Control Procedures Employed

Data Management

» Have Resources for Management of these Data Been Identified?  
» Approximate Percentage of Budget for these Data Devoted to Data Management  
» Do these Data Comply with the Data Access Directive?  
» Is Access to the Data Limited Based on an Approved Waiver?  
» If Distributor (Data Hosting Service) is Needed, Please Indicate  
» Approximate Delay Between Data Collection and Dissemination  
» If Delay is Longer than Latency of Automated Processing, Indicate Under What Authority Data Access is Delayed  
 
» Actual or Planned Long-Term Data Archive Location  
» If World Data Center or Other, Specify  
» If To Be Determined, Unable to Archive, or No Archiving Intended, Explain  
 
» Approximate Delay Between Data Collection and Archiving  
» How Will the Data Be Protected from Accidental or Malicious Modification or Deletion Prior to Receipt by the Archive?  
 

Lineage

» Lineage Statement

Sources

Citation Title Cable_Area (General, Coastal, Approach, Harbour, Berthing)
Contact Role Type Publisher
Contact Type Organization
Contact Name NOAA Office of Coastal Survey- Electronic Navigational Charts (ENCs)
Publish Date  
Extent Type Discrete
Extent Start Date/Time 2024-03-05
Extent End Date/Time  
Scale Denominator  
Citation URL https://encdirect.noaa.gov/
Citation URL Name Source Online Linkage
Citation URL Description

URL where the source data were originally accessed
Source Contribution

file geodatabase feature classes of cable areas
Citation Title Dominion Energy CVOW Pilot Project Export Cable Repair Activities LNTM
Contact Role Type Originator
Contact Type Organization
Contact Name Dominion Energy
Publish Date 2020-07-13
Extent Type  
Extent Start Date/Time  
Extent End Date/Time  
Scale Denominator  
Citation URL https://cdn-dominionenergy-prd-001.azureedge.net/-/media/pdfs/global/wind/071320-cvow--pilot-lntm-cable-repair-rev1-submittal.pdf?la=en&rev=d16fed57db864e3cb95f39a25b48a7f4&hash=9AD954C791C312069D2FDE85D2C3508B
Citation URL Name  
Citation URL Description
Source Contribution

Identity, ownership and general location of submarine cable
Citation Title Draft Environmental Impact Report
Contact Role Type Originator
Contact Type Organization
Contact Name The Commonwealth of Massachusetts
Publish Date 2021-06-25
Extent Type  
Extent Start Date/Time  
Extent End Date/Time  
Scale Denominator  
Citation URL https://eeaonline.eea.state.ma.us/EEA/emepa/mepadocs/2021/070921em/sc/eir/16231%20deir%20Vineyard%20Wind2-Barnstable%20Edgartown%20Mashpee%20Nantucket.pdf
Citation URL Name  
Citation URL Description
Source Contribution

Identity, ownership and general location of submarine cable
Citation Title FCC Submarine Cable Landing Pending Applications List by File Number
Contact Role Type Originator
Contact Type Organization
Contact Name Federal Communications Commission
Publish Date 2024-05-06
Extent Type  
Extent Start Date/Time  
Extent End Date/Time  
Scale Denominator  
Citation URL https://licensing.fcc.gov/cgi-bin/ws.exe/prod/ib/forms/reports/swr028b.hts?as_subsystem_code=SCL/SUBMARINE+CABLE+LANDING&column=V_SITE_ANTENNA_FREQ.file_numberC/FILE+NUMBER&fstate=0/PENDING&prepare=
Citation URL Name  
Citation URL Description
Source Contribution

Identity and ownership of submarine cables
Citation Title Finding of No Significant Impact
Contact Role Type Originator
Contact Type Organization
Contact Name Bureau of Ocean Energy Management
Publish Date 2014-09-04
Extent Type  
Extent Start Date/Time  
Extent End Date/Time  
Scale Denominator  
Citation URL https://www.boem.gov/sites/default/files/about-boem/BOEM-Regions/Pacific-Region/Lease-Management/BOEM-Finding-of-No-Significant-Impact-and-Environmental-Assessment.pdf
Citation URL Name  
Citation URL Description
Source Contribution

Identity, ownership and general location of submarine cable
Citation Title Lake Erie Connector Project - Final Environmental Assessment
Contact Role Type Originator
Contact Type Organization
Contact Name U.S. Department of Energy
Publish Date 2016-10-01
Extent Type Discrete
Extent Start Date/Time 2016
Extent End Date/Time  
Scale Denominator  
Citation URL https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2016/11/f34/2016-10-26-LEC-Final-EA.pdf
Citation URL Name  
Citation URL Description
Source Contribution

Identity, ownership and general location of submarine cable
Citation Title Local Notice to Mariners
Contact Role Type Originator
Contact Type Organization
Contact Name U.S. Coast Guard
Publish Date 2024-05-06
Extent Type  
Extent Start Date/Time  
Extent End Date/Time  
Scale Denominator  
Citation URL https://www.dco.uscg.mil/Featured-Content/Mariners/Local-Notice-to-Mariners-LNMs/
Citation URL Name  
Citation URL Description
Source Contribution

Location, identity, ownership, and status of individual submarine cables
Citation Title NASCA Member Submarine Cable System Maps
Contact Role Type Originator
Contact Type Organization
Contact Name North American Submarine Cable Association
Publish Date 2024-05-06
Extent Type  
Extent Start Date/Time  
Extent End Date/Time  
Scale Denominator  
Citation URL https://www.n-a-s-c-a.org/cable-maps-all-regions/
Citation URL Name  
Citation URL Description
Source Contribution

Location, identity, status, and ownership of individual submarine cables
Citation Title Nationwide Automatic Identification System
Contact Role Type Publisher
Contact Type Organization
Contact Name Office for Coastal Management
Publish Date  
Extent Type Range
Extent Start Date/Time 2015
Extent End Date/Time 2024
Scale Denominator  
Citation URL https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/73064
Citation URL Name  
Citation URL Description
Source Contribution

Geographic position for cable ship
Citation Title Notice of Intent to Prepare an Environmental Impact Statement for the Vineyard Wind South Project Offshore Massachusetts
Contact Role Type Originator
Contact Type Organization
Contact Name Bureau of Ocean Energy Management
Publish Date 2021-06-30
Extent Type  
Extent Start Date/Time  
Extent End Date/Time  
Scale Denominator  
Citation URL https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2021/06/30/2021-13994/notice-of-intent-to-prepare-an-environmental-impact-statement-for-the-vineyard-wind-south-project
Citation URL Name  
Citation URL Description
Source Contribution

Identity, ownership and general location of submarine cable
Citation Title OCH Cable System database
Contact Role Type Originator
Contact Type Organization
Contact Name Packet Clearing House
Publish Date  
Extent Type  
Extent Start Date/Time  
Extent End Date/Time  
Scale Denominator  
Citation URL https://prefix.pch.net/applications/cablesystem/index.php?sort=total_capacity&show_active_only
Citation URL Name  
Citation URL Description
Source Contribution

Identity, ownership of submarine cable
Citation Title Public Notice
Contact Role Type Originator
Contact Type Organization
Contact Name U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
Publish Date 2018-03-16
Extent Type  
Extent Start Date/Time  
Extent End Date/Time  
Scale Denominator  
Citation URL https://www.nap.usace.army.mil/Portals/39/docs/regulatory/publicnotices/Public_Notice_2016-0542-75.pdf
Citation URL Name  
Citation URL Description
Source Contribution

Identity, ownership and general location of submarine cable
Citation Title Public Notice
Contact Role Type Originator
Contact Type Organization
Contact Name U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
Publish Date 2019-03-21
Extent Type  
Extent Start Date/Time  
Extent End Date/Time  
Scale Denominator  
Citation URL https://www.nan.usace.army.mil/Portals/37/docs/regulatory/publicnotices/2019/Mar19/NAN-2018-00276-EHA%20America%20Europe%20Connect%202%20USA%20Havfrue%20Cable%20Public%20Notice.pdf?ver=SLufhtuHQxprv2vfjFHu4Q%3d%3d
Citation URL Name  
Citation URL Description
Source Contribution

Identity, ownership and general location of submarine cable
Citation Title Raster Nautical Charts (RNC)
Contact Role Type Publisher
Contact Type Organization
Contact Name Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Ocean Service (NOS), Office of Coast Survey (OCS)
Publish Date  
Extent Type Discrete
Extent Start Date/Time 2022-12-07
Extent End Date/Time  
Scale Denominator  
Citation URL https://nauticalcharts.noaa.gov/charts/noaa-raster-charts.html
Citation URL Name Source Online Linkage
Citation URL Description

URL where the source data were originally accessed
Source Contribution

Location of individual submarine cables, and submarine cable areas
Citation Title Scientific Cables
Contact Role Type Originator
Contact Type Organization
Contact Name International Cable Protection Committee
Publish Date  
Extent Type  
Extent Start Date/Time  
Extent End Date/Time  
Scale Denominator  
Citation URL https://iscpc.org/information/cable-data/scientific-cables/
Citation URL Name  
Citation URL Description
Source Contribution

Identity, ownership and general location of submarine cable
Citation Title State Coastal Zone Management Programs
Contact Role Type  
Contact Type  
Contact Name  
Publish Date 2024-05-06
Extent Type  
Extent Start Date/Time  
Extent End Date/Time  
Scale Denominator  
Citation URL  
Citation URL Name  
Citation URL Description
Source Contribution

Official agency records and technical reports related to permits, studies and conditions necessary for the siting of submarine cables
Citation Title Submarine Cable Industry Vendors
Contact Role Type  
Contact Type  
Contact Name  
Publish Date 2024-05-06
Extent Type  
Extent Start Date/Time  
Extent End Date/Time  
Scale Denominator  
Citation URL  
Citation URL Name  
Citation URL Description
Source Contribution

The location and identity of select recently installed submarine cables as shown on Cable Awareness charts intended for the maritime community
Citation Title U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Response to Correspondence
Contact Role Type Originator
Contact Type Organization
Contact Name New Jersey Field Office Ecological Services
Publish Date 2013-01-08
Extent Type  
Extent Start Date/Time  
Extent End Date/Time  
Scale Denominator  
Citation URL https://www.nap.usace.army.mil/Portals/39/docs/Civil/LBI/App-E-LEI-April-2016.pdf
Citation URL Name  
Citation URL Description
Source Contribution

Identity, ownership and general location of submarine cable
Citation Title USACE Jurisdictional Determinations and Permit Decisions
Contact Role Type Originator
Contact Type Organization
Contact Name U.S. Army Corp of Engineers
Publish Date 2024-05-06
Extent Type  
Extent Start Date/Time  
Extent End Date/Time  
Scale Denominator  
Citation URL https://permits.ops.usace.army.mil/orm-public#
Citation URL Name  
Citation URL Description
Source Contribution

Location, identity, ownership and status of individual submarine cables
Citation Title Vineyard Wind Draft Construction and Operations Plan
Contact Role Type Originator
Contact Type Organization
Contact Name Bureau of Ocean Energy Management
Publish Date 2020-09-30
Extent Type  
Extent Start Date/Time  
Extent End Date/Time  
Scale Denominator  
Citation URL https://www.boem.gov/sites/default/files/documents/renewable-energy/Vineyard%20Wind%20COP%20Volume%20I_Section%203.pdf
Citation URL Name  
Citation URL Description
Source Contribution

Identity, ownership and general location of submarine cable
Citation Title
Contact Role Type
Contact Type
Contact Name
Publish Date
Extent Type
Extent Start Date/Time
Extent End Date/Time
Citation URL
Citation URL Name
Citation URL Description
Scale Denominator
Citation Title
Contact Role Type
Contact Type
Contact Name
Publish Date
Extent Type
Extent Start Date/Time
Extent End Date/Time
Citation URL
Citation URL Name
Citation URL Description
Scale Denominator
Citation Title
Contact Role Type
Contact Type
Contact Name
Publish Date
Extent Type
Extent Start Date/Time
Extent End Date/Time
Citation URL
Citation URL Name
Citation URL Description
Scale Denominator

Process Steps

Process Step Number 1
» Description

Utilize NOAA’s RNC as a base layer to review for existing scale information for each shape area. Start by creating an empty feature class for the cable areas, and then add all Berthing cable areas to SubmarineCableArea feature class. Select by location, where all HarbourAreas intersect Berthing & reverse the selection so that areas that exist do not intersect the existing areas are selected, copy these areas & add them to SubmarineCableArea feature class. Re-select areas that overlap BerthingAreas from HarbourAreas & individually confirm existence & correctness of Cable Area using the RNC. Add or adjust cable areas based on largest scale available to resolve resolution conflicts. Perform this method for each scale layer onto the next largest layer until all areas have been quality controlled for scale conflict issues. (Berthing to Harbour, Harbour to Approach, Approach to Coastal, Coastal to General)
Process Date/Time 2018-04-23 00:00:00
Process Contact  
Phone (Voice)  
Email Address  
Source  
Process Step Number 2
» Description

1) Acquire source data and input into a feature class

2) Deconflict overlapping features and remove inferior geometry

3) MERGE geometry into a single logical feature for each major segment of a cable

4) BUFFER with the geodesic parameter

5) Populate attribute fields

6) MERGE features for each ocean basin into a single feature class
Process Date/Time 2024-05-06 00:00:00
Process Contact  
Phone (Voice)  
Email Address  
Source  
Process Step Number 3
» Description

Updated to include cables within the Guam and CNMI area using methods outlined in step 2 above.
Process Date/Time  
Process Contact  
Phone (Voice)  
Email Address  
Source  
Process Step Number 4
» Description

Updated to a) remove out of service cables that were recovered from the seabed, b) fill in omissions, c) add newly installed cables, d) and improve the geometry and attribute information of existing cables using methods outlined in step 2 above.
Process Date/Time 2025-02-19 00:00:00
Process Contact  
Phone (Voice)  
Email Address  
Source  
Process Step Number
» Description
Process Date/Time
Process Contact
Phone (Voice)
Email Address
Source
Process Step Number
» Description
Process Date/Time
Process Contact
Phone (Voice)
Email Address
Source
Process Step Number
» Description
Process Date/Time
Process Contact
Phone (Voice)
Email Address
Source

Acquisition Information

Instruments

Instrument Unavailable Reason  
Identifier
Docucomp UUID
Instrument / Gear
Instrument Type
Description
Identifier
Docucomp UUID
Instrument / Gear
Instrument Type
Description
Identifier
Docucomp UUID
Instrument / Gear
Instrument Type
Description

Platforms

Platform Unavailable Reason  
Identifier
Docucomp UUID
Description

Mounted Instruments
Identifier  
Identifier  
Identifier  
Identifier
Docucomp UUID
Description

Mounted Instruments
Identifier  
Identifier  
Identifier  
Identifier
Docucomp UUID
Description

Mounted Instruments
Identifier  
Identifier  
Identifier  

FAQs

Date
Author
Question
Answer

Child Items

Rubric scores updated every 15m

Score Type Title
  Entity (ENT) Submarine Cable Areas
     
     
     

Related Items

Item Type Relationship Type Title
     
     
     

Catalog Details

Catalog Item ID 66190
Metadata Record Created By Brianna Key
Metadata Record Created 2021-12-22 05:22+0000
Metadata Record Last Modified By Daniel Martin
» Metadata Record Last Modified 2025-02-20 00:43+0000
Metadata Record Published 2025-01-22
Owner Org OCM
Metadata Publication Status Published Externally
Do Not Publish? N
Metadata Workflow State Published / External
Metadata Last Review Date 2024-09-09
Metadata Review Frequency 1 Year
Metadata Next Review Date 2025-09-09
Tags