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                 source="https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov">
   <item-identification>
      <catalog-item-id>69013</catalog-item-id>
      <title>Munitions and Explosives of Concern</title>
      <catalog-item-type>Data Set</catalog-item-type>
      <metadata-workflow-state ccs-id="9">Published / External</metadata-workflow-state>
      <parent-catalog-item-id>37232</parent-catalog-item-id>
      <parent-title>MarineCadastre</parent-title>
      <parent-catalog-item-type>Project</parent-catalog-item-type>
      <status>Completed</status>
      <publication-date>2025-06-30</publication-date>
      <abstract>Munitions and explosives of concern (MEC) have been deposited on the seabed of the United States outer continental shelf since World War I. The bulk of these munitions have originated from the U.S. Armed Forces while conducting military training exercises, war-time placement, and disposal and dumping activities. Since 1972 ocean disposal of munitions and other pollutants has been banned by the Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act. Federal and state efforts to mitigate, map, monitor, and sometimes remove these munitions are ongoing. The location of these munitions is generally unknown, and their existence remains a hazard to people and the natural resources within this geography.

The term MEC defines a collection of munitions including; a) unexploded ordnance, b) discarded military munitions, and c) munitions constituents that are present in high enough concentrations to pose an explosive hazard.
Additional information on the location of MECs can be found in the data and references listed below:

1. Formerly Used Defense Sites
2. Danger Zones and Restricted Areas
3. U.S. Disposal of Chemical Weapons in the Ocean: Background and Issues for Congress, CRS Report for Congress, January 3, 2007
4. Defense Environmental Programs Annual Report to Congress for Fiscal Year 2009. Chapter 10. Sea Disposal of Military Munitions </abstract>
      <purpose>To support ocean planning activities pursuant to the Executive Order Regarding the Ocean Policy to Advance the Economic, Security, and Environmental Interests of the United States, the Energy Policy Act, the National Environmental Policy Act, the Rivers and Harbors Act, and the Coastal Zone Management Act.</purpose>
      <notes>The shape and position of each feature originates from the highest resolution and latest available source data. Using these data with other raster or vector nautical chart products may result in the appearance of offsets and discontinuities between these data and the other sources.</notes>
      <supplemental-information>Bureau Code: 006:48, Program Code: 006:055</supplemental-information>
   </item-identification>
   <keywords>
      <keyword controlled="Yes">
         <keyword-type>Theme</keyword-type>
         <thesaurus>ISO 19115 Topic Category</thesaurus>
         <keyword>oceans</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Theme</keyword-type>
         <keyword>coastal</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Theme</keyword-type>
         <keyword>planning</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Spatial</keyword-type>
         <keyword>American Samoa</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Spatial</keyword-type>
         <keyword>Exclusive Economic Zone</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Spatial</keyword-type>
         <keyword>Guam</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Spatial</keyword-type>
         <keyword>Northern Mariana Islands</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Spatial</keyword-type>
         <keyword>Outer Continental Shelf</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Spatial</keyword-type>
         <keyword>Puerto Rico</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Spatial</keyword-type>
         <keyword>Territorial Sea</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Spatial</keyword-type>
         <keyword>US Virgin Islands</keyword>
      </keyword>
      <keyword controlled="No">
         <keyword-type>Spatial</keyword-type>
         <keyword>United States of America</keyword>
      </keyword>
   </keywords>
   <physical-location>
      <city>Charleston</city>
      <state-province>SC</state-province>
   </physical-location>
   <data-set-information>
      <data-set-scope-code>Data Set</data-set-scope-code>
      <maintenance-frequency>None Planned</maintenance-frequency>
      <data-presentation-form>Map (digital)</data-presentation-form>
      <entity-attribute-overview>description, reportYear, chartReference, district, UTM</entity-attribute-overview>
      <distribution-liability>https://www.marinecadastre.gov/about/disclaimer.html</distribution-liability>
      <data-set-credit>NOAA Office for Coastal Management</data-set-credit>
   </data-set-information>
   <entity-attribute-information partial-listing="No" total-count="0"/>
   <support-roles>
      <support-role cc-id="1201902" in-effect="Yes">
         <support-role-type>Point of Contact</support-role-type>
         <from-date>2022-08</from-date>
         <contact-type>Organization</contact-type>
         <contact-name>NOAA Office for Coastal Management</contact-name>
         <contact-noaa-acronym>NOAA/OCM</contact-noaa-acronym>
         <contact-email>coastal.info@noaa.gov</contact-email>
         <contact-address>2234 South Hobson Ave</contact-address>
         <contact-address-city>Charleston</contact-address-city>
         <contact-address-state>SC</contact-address-state>
         <contact-address-zip>29405-2413</contact-address-zip>
         <contact-phone-number>(843) 740-1202</contact-phone-number>
         <contact-url>https://coast.noaa.gov</contact-url>
         <contact-url-description>NOAA Office for Coastal Management Home Page</contact-url-description>
         <contact-url-function>Online Resource</contact-url-function>
      </support-role>
   </support-roles>
   <extents>
      <currentness-reference>Publication Date</currentness-reference>
      <extent cc-id="1201953">
         <geographic-areas>
            <geographic-area cc-id="1201955">
               <west-bound>-177.25</west-bound>
               <east-bound>177.75</east-bound>
               <north-bound>71.5</north-bound>
               <south-bound>13.25</south-bound>
            </geographic-area>
         </geographic-areas>
         <time-frames>
            <time-frame cc-id="1201954">
               <time-frame-type>Discrete</time-frame-type>
               <start-date-time>2023</start-date-time>
               <description>publication date</description>
            </time-frame>
         </time-frames>
      </extent>
   </extents>
   <spatial-information>
      <spatial-representation>
         <representations-used>
            <grid>No</grid>
            <vector>Yes</vector>
            <text-table>No</text-table>
            <tin>No</tin>
            <stereo-model>No</stereo-model>
            <video>No</video>
         </representations-used>
         <vector-representations>
            <vector-representation cc-id="1201907">
               <topology-level>Geometry Only</topology-level>
               <curve-object>
                  <present>Yes</present>
               </curve-object>
            </vector-representation>
         </vector-representations>
      </spatial-representation>
      <reference-systems>
         <reference-system>
            <coordinate-reference-system>
               <crs-type>Geographic 2D</crs-type>
               <epsg-code>EPSG:4269</epsg-code>
               <epsg-name>NAD83</epsg-name>
               <datum-name>North American Datum 1983</datum-name>
               <ellipsoid>GRS 1980</ellipsoid>
               <semimajor-axis>6378137</semimajor-axis>
               <flattening-ratio>298.257222101</flattening-ratio>
               <axes>
                  <axis>
                     <order>1</order>
                     <name>Geodetic Latitude</name>
                     <abbreviation>Lat</abbreviation>
                     <units>degree</units>
                     <orientation>north</orientation>
                  </axis>
                  <axis>
                     <order>1</order>
                     <name>Geodetic Latitude</name>
                     <abbreviation>Lat</abbreviation>
                     <units>degree</units>
                     <orientation>north</orientation>
                  </axis>
                  <axis>
                     <order>2</order>
                     <name>Geodetic Longitude</name>
                     <abbreviation>Lon</abbreviation>
                     <units>degree</units>
                     <orientation>east</orientation>
                  </axis>
                  <axis>
                     <order>2</order>
                     <name>Geodetic Longitude</name>
                     <abbreviation>Lon</abbreviation>
                     <units>degree</units>
                     <orientation>east</orientation>
                  </axis>
               </axes>
            </coordinate-reference-system>
         </reference-system>
      </reference-systems>
   </spatial-information>
   <access-information>
      <security-class>Unclassified</security-class>
      <data-use-constraints>For coastal and ocean planning</data-use-constraints>
   </access-information>
   <distribution-information>
      <distribution cc-id="1201904">
         <download-url>https://marinecadastre.gov/data/</download-url>
         <description>Marine Cadastre Data Registry</description>
      </distribution>
      <distribution cc-id="1201903">
         <download-url>https://marinecadastre.gov/downloads/data/mc/MunitionsExplosivesConcern.zip</download-url>
      </distribution>
   </distribution-information>
   <technical-environment>
      <description>Microsoft Windows, ArcGIS Pro, Azure SQL</description>
   </technical-environment>
   <data-quality>
      <accuracy>Untested</accuracy>
      <horizontal-positional-accuracy>Compiled to meet 10 meters horizontal accuracy at 95% confidence level</horizontal-positional-accuracy>
      <completeness-report>Untested</completeness-report>
      <conceptual-consistency>These data are logically consistent</conceptual-consistency>
   </data-quality>
   <lineage>
      <lineage-sources>
         <lineage-source cc-id="1201958">
            <citation-title>ENC Direct to GIS</citation-title>
            <contact-type>Organization</contact-type>
            <contact-name>NOAA Office of Coast Survey</contact-name>
            <contact-role-type>Originator</contact-role-type>
            <publish-date>2024-02-27</publish-date>
            <citation-url>https://encdirect.noaa.gov/</citation-url>
         </lineage-source>
         <lineage-source cc-id="1394537">
            <citation-title>Local Notice to Mariners</citation-title>
            <contact-type>Organization</contact-type>
            <contact-name>U.S. Coast Guard Navigation Center</contact-name>
            <contact-role-type>Originator</contact-role-type>
            <publish-date>2025-01-14</publish-date>
            <citation-url>https://www.navcen.uscg.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/lnms/LNM01112025.pdf</citation-url>
            <source-contribution>Location and identity of feature(s)</source-contribution>
         </lineage-source>
         <lineage-source cc-id="1201956">
            <citation-title>Local Notice to Mariners 27/24</citation-title>
            <contact-type>Organization</contact-type>
            <contact-name>U.S. Coast Guard Navigation Center</contact-name>
            <contact-role-type>Originator</contact-role-type>
            <publish-date>2024-07-02</publish-date>
            <citation-url>https://www.navcen.uscg.gov/local-notices-to-mariners-by-cg-district</citation-url>
            <source-contribution>Location and identity of feature(s)</source-contribution>
         </lineage-source>
         <lineage-source cc-id="1394536">
            <citation-title>Local Notice to Mariners 42/24</citation-title>
            <contact-type>Organization</contact-type>
            <contact-name>U.S. Coast Guard Navigation Center</contact-name>
            <contact-role-type>Originator</contact-role-type>
            <publish-date>2024-10-15</publish-date>
            <citation-url>https://www.navcen.uscg.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/lnms/lnm05422024.pdf</citation-url>
            <source-contribution>Location and identity of feature(s)</source-contribution>
         </lineage-source>
         <lineage-source cc-id="1201959">
            <citation-title>Maritime Chart Service</citation-title>
            <contact-type>Organization</contact-type>
            <contact-name>NOAA Office of Coast Survey</contact-name>
            <contact-role-type>Originator</contact-role-type>
            <citation-url>https://gis.charttools.noaa.gov/arcgis/rest/services/MCS/NOAAChartDisplay/MapServer/exts/MaritimeChartService/MapServer</citation-url>
         </lineage-source>
         <lineage-source cc-id="1201957">
            <citation-title>Raster Navigational Charts</citation-title>
            <contact-type>Organization</contact-type>
            <contact-name>NOAA Office of Coast Survey</contact-name>
            <contact-role-type>Originator</contact-role-type>
            <publish-date>2022-12-22</publish-date>
            <citation-url>https://www.charts.noaa.gov/RNCs/RNCs.shtml</citation-url>
         </lineage-source>
         <lineage-source cc-id="1224101">
            <citation-title>U.S. Code of Federal Regulations</citation-title>
            <contact-type>Organization</contact-type>
            <contact-name>U.S. Army Corps of Engineers</contact-name>
            <contact-role-type>Publisher</contact-role-type>
            <publish-date>2022-07-01</publish-date>
            <citation-url>https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-33/chapter-II/part-334</citation-url>
            <source-contribution>Provided coordinates of features and related language necessary to build feature geometry | Type of Source Media: online</source-contribution>
         </lineage-source>
      </lineage-sources>
      <lineage-process-steps>
         <lineage-process-step cc-id="1201950">
            <sequence-number>1</sequence-number>
            <description>1. Acquire source data by URL
2. Imported ENC area and point layers for Dumping Ground, and Caution features for bands a) coastal, b) approach, and c) harbor scale
3. Removed duplicate features 
4. Removed features not clearly identified as unexploded ordnance
5. Removed features beyond the U.S. Exclusive Economic Zone
6. Removed features if they matched content currently in the Danger Zones and Restricted Areas data set
7. Validated completeness by visual comparison to current NOAA Raster Navigational Charts, Marine Cadastre map services Unexploded Ordnance Areas, Unexploded Ordnance Locations, Formerly Used Defense Sites, and NOAA ENC map services
8. Added new features listed in the Local Notice to Mariners
9. Adjusted the location, size and shape of each feature to align with the highest resolution NOAA Raster Navigational Chart available for each location using the local UTM projection
10. Populated the comment field using the textual description for each feature shown on the RNC
11. Added the values for the U.S. Coast Guard district and the UTM zone for each feature
12. Removed duplicate, extraneous and relic ENC vertex values that did not contribute to defining the shape of a feature
13. Executed the ArcGIS Pro function DENSIFY with a four-meter setting on all newly positioned circular features
14. Executed the ArcGIS Pro functions PROJECT and MERGE to combine features across all UTM Zones
15. Executed and passed the ArcGIS Pro function CHECK GEOMETRY with the OGC parameter
16. Executed and passed the QGIS function VECTOR &gt; GEOMETRY TOOLS &gt; CHECK VALIDITY with all GEOS parameters set to on
17. Visually inspected each feature for accuracy and completeness based on the associated RNC</description>
            <process-date-time>2023-01-11T00:00:00</process-date-time>
         </lineage-process-step>
         <lineage-process-step cc-id="1224102">
            <sequence-number>2</sequence-number>
            <description>1. Acquire and query features from the Danger Zones and Restricted Areas data set that depict MEC features
2. Modify the Danger Zones and Restricted Areas record set to match the existing Munitions and Explosives of Concern data structure
3. APPEND the Danger Zones and Restricted Areas record set to the existing Munitions and Explosives of Concern data set</description>
            <process-date-time>2023-03-08T00:00:00</process-date-time>
         </lineage-process-step>
         <lineage-process-step cc-id="1326749">
            <sequence-number>3</sequence-number>
            <description>1. Add newly discovered feature east of New York city
2. Fix several omissions in the following areas, Guam, Mariana Islands, Thunder Bay Michigan, North Carolina, Key West Florida, and Lake Borgne Louisiana</description>
            <process-date-time>2024-02-28T00:00:00</process-date-time>
         </lineage-process-step>
         <lineage-process-step cc-id="1341157">
            <sequence-number>4</sequence-number>
            <description>Added 2 newly discovered features 25 nm east of Sandy Hook</description>
            <process-date-time>2024-07-09T00:00:00</process-date-time>
         </lineage-process-step>
         <lineage-process-step cc-id="1394535">
            <sequence-number>5</sequence-number>
            <description>1. Added newly discovered features offshore of California, Virginia and Massachusetts</description>
            <process-date-time>2025-06-30T00:00:00</process-date-time>
         </lineage-process-step>
      </lineage-process-steps>
   </lineage>
   <catalog-details>
      <guid>gov.noaa.nmfs.inport:69013</guid>
      <metadata-record-created-by pers-id="21453">Daniel Martin</metadata-record-created-by>
      <metadata-record-created>2023-01-03T21:43:45</metadata-record-created>
      <metadata-record-last-modified-by pers-id="21453">Daniel Martin</metadata-record-last-modified-by>
      <metadata-record-last-modified>2025-06-30T15:44:37</metadata-record-last-modified>
      <record-published>2023-01-12</record-published>
      <owner-organization>Office for Coastal Management</owner-organization>
      <owner-organization-acronym>OCM</owner-organization-acronym>
      <owner-organization-address/>
      <owner-organization-address-city/>
      <owner-organization-address-state/>
      <owner-organization-address-zip/>
      <owner-organization-address-country/>
      <owner-organization-phone/>
      <owner-organization-url/>
      <owner-organization-business-hours/>
      <owner-organization-group-id>1002</owner-organization-group-id>
      <publication-status>Public</publication-status>
      <limited-metadata-available>No</limited-metadata-available>
      <is-do-not-publish>No</is-do-not-publish>
      <metadata-last-review-date>2018-07-25</metadata-last-review-date>
      <metadata-review-frequency>1 Year</metadata-review-frequency>
      <metadata-next-review-date>2019-07-25</metadata-next-review-date>
   </catalog-details>
</inport-metadata>
