67179
2019 WA DNR Lidar DEM: San Juan County, WA
Data Set
Published / External
49404
DEMs - partner (no harvest)
Project
Completed
2019
No metadata record was provided with the data. This record is populated with information from the Quantum Spatial, Inc. technical report downloaded from the Washington Dept. of Natural Resources Washington Lidar Portal. The technical report is available for download from the link provided in the URL section of this metadata record.
Washington Department of Natural Resources (WA DNR) contracted with Quantum Spatial, Inc. (QSI) in January 2019 to collect Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data for the 2019 San Juan County LiDAR study area. A total of 128,731 acres of 8 pulses per square meter (PPSM) LiDAR data were acquired and delivered to the client. The data were collected between March 2 and March 21, 2019 and delivered to Washington DNR on June 14, 2019.
In addition to these bare earth Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data, the lidar point data that these DEM data were created from are also available. These data are available for download at the link provided in the URL section of this metadata record.
LiDAR data will be used by the County and distributed by DNR.
Theme
Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords
EARTH SCIENCE > LAND SURFACE > TOPOGRAPHY > TERRAIN ELEVATION
Theme
Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords
EARTH SCIENCE > LAND SURFACE > TOPOGRAPHY > TERRAIN ELEVATION > DIGITAL ELEVATION/TERRAIN MODEL (DEM)
Theme
Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords
EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > COASTAL PROCESSES > COASTAL ELEVATION
Theme
ISO 19115 Topic Category
elevation
Spatial
Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords
CONTINENT > NORTH AMERICA > UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Spatial
Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords
CONTINENT > NORTH AMERICA > UNITED STATES OF AMERICA > WASHINGTON
Spatial
Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords
VERTICAL LOCATION > LAND SURFACE
Instrument
Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Instrument Keywords
LIDAR > Light Detection and Ranging
Platform
Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Platform Keywords
Airplane > Airplane
Office for Coastal Management
Charleston
SC
Data Set
Elevation
None Planned
Model (digital)
Any conclusions drawn from the analysis of this information are not the responsibility of NOAA, the Office for Coastal Management or its partners.
Quantum Spatial, Inc., Washington Dept. of Natural Resources
Data Steward
2022
Organization
NOAA Office for Coastal Management
NOAA/OCM
coastal.info@noaa.gov
2234 South Hobson Ave
Charleston
SC
29405-2413
(843) 740-1202
https://coast.noaa.gov
NOAA Office for Coastal Management Home Page
Online Resource
Distributor
2022
Organization
NOAA Office for Coastal Management
NOAA/OCM
coastal.info@noaa.gov
2234 South Hobson Ave
Charleston
SC
29405-2413
(843) 740-1202
https://coast.noaa.gov
NOAA Office for Coastal Management Home Page
Online Resource
Metadata Contact
2022
Organization
NOAA Office for Coastal Management
NOAA/OCM
coastal.info@noaa.gov
2234 South Hobson Ave
Charleston
SC
29405-2413
(843) 740-1202
https://coast.noaa.gov
NOAA Office for Coastal Management Home Page
Online Resource
Point of Contact
2022
Organization
NOAA Office for Coastal Management
NOAA/OCM
coastal.info@noaa.gov
2234 South Hobson Ave
Charleston
SC
29405-2413
(843) 740-1202
https://coast.noaa.gov
NOAA Office for Coastal Management Home Page
Online Resource
Ground Condition
-123.238792
-122.740526
48.790179
48.413671
Range
2019-03-02
2019-03-04
Discrete
2019-03-21
Yes
Vertical
EPSG:6360
NAVD88 height (ftUS)
North American Vertical Datum 1988
1
Gravity-related height
H
US survey foot
up
Projected
EPSG:2927
NAD83(HARN) / Washington South (ftUS)
NAD83 (High Accuracy Reference Network)
GRS 1980
6378137
298.257222101
NAD83(HARN)
SPCS83 Washington South zone (US Survey feet)
Lambert Conic Conformal (2SP)
1
Easting
X
US survey foot
east
2
Northing
Y
US survey foot
north
Unclassified
Data is available online for bulk and custom downloads.
None
Users should be aware that temporal changes may have occurred since this data set was collected and some parts of this data may no longer represent actual surface conditions. Users should not use this data for critical applications without a full awareness of its limitations.
2021-07-15
https://coast.noaa.gov/dataviewer/#/lidar/search/where:ID=9496/details/9496
2022
Organization
NOAA Office for Coastal Management
Customized Download
Create custom data files by choosing data area, product type, map projection, file format, datum, etc. A new metadata will be produced to reflect your request using this record as a base. Change to an orthometric vertical datum is one of the many options.
Zip
Zip
2021-07-15
https://noaa-nos-coastal-lidar-pds.s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/dem/WA_SanJuan_DEM_2019_9496/index.html
2022
Organization
NOAA Office for Coastal Management
Bulk Download
Bulk download of data files in GeoTiff format, WA State Plane South NAD83(HARN) US survey feet coordinates and orthometric heights in feet.
GeoTIFF
GeoTIFF
https://noaa-nos-coastal-lidar-pds.s3.amazonaws.com/laz/geoid18/9495/supplemental/wa2019_sanjuan_m9495.kmz
Browse graphic
Browse Graphic
KML
This graphic displays the footprint for this lidar data set.
https://coast.noaa.gov/dataviewer/
NOAA's Office for Coastal Management (OCM) Data Access Viewer (DAV)
Online Resource
HTML
The Data Access Viewer (DAV) allows a user to search for and download elevation, imagery, and land cover data for the coastal U.S. and its territories. The data, hosted by the NOAA Office for Coastal Management, can be customized and requested for free download through a checkout interface. An email provides a link to the customized data, while the original data set is available through a link within the viewer.
https://coast.noaa.gov/dataviewer/#/lidar/search/where:ID=9495/details/9495
Custom Point Download
Online Resource
Zip
Link to custom download, from the Data Access Viewer (DAV), the lidar point data from which these raster Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data were created.
https://lidarportal.dnr.wa.gov/download?ids=1329
Lidar Report
Online Resource
pdf
Link to the Quantum Spatial, Inc. Technical Lidar Report from the Washington Lidar Portal.
Vertical Accuracy reporting is designed to meet guidelines presented in the National Standard for Spatial Data Accuracy (NSSDA) (FGDC, 1998) and the ASPRS Guidelines for Vertical Accuracy Reporting for LiDAR Data v 1.0 (ASPRS, 2014). The statistical model compares known GSPs to the closest laser point. Vertical accuracy statistical analysis uses ground survey points in open areas where the LiDAR system has a very high probability that the sensor will measure the ground surface and is evaluated at the 95th percent confidence level.
For the 2019 San Juan County LiDAR study area, a total of 1,528 GSPs were collected and used for calibration of the LiDAR data. An additional 81 reserved ground survey points were collected for independent verification. Reserved ground survey points were tested against final LiDAR data, resulting in an RMSE of 0.047 meters, and non-vegetated vertical accuracy (NVA) of 0.092 meters (derived according to NSSDA, using 0.047 m (RMSEz) x 1.96000). The vertical accuracy requirement for this project was 9 cm RMSE.
Vegetated vertical accuracy (VVA) testing was required for the San Juan County project, though a VVA requirement was not specified. The VVA tested 0.292 m at the 95th percentile using National Digital Elevation Program (NDEP)/ASPRS Guidelines against the DEM using 9 VVA points.
QSI has high standards and adheres to best practices in all efforts. In the laboratory, quality checks are built in throughout processing steps, and automated methodology allows for rapid data processing. QSI's innovation and adaptive culture rises to technical challenges and the needs of clients like Washington DNR. Reporting and communication to our clients are prioritized through regular updates and meetings.
Yes
Unknown
Yes
NCEI-CO
Data is backed up to tape and to cloud storage.
The NOAA Office for Coastal Management (OCM) downloaded the GeoTiff files from the Washington Lidar Portal.
Washington Dept of Natural Resources
Organization
Washington Dept of Natural Resources
Originator
https://lidarportal.dnr.wa.gov/
Washington Lidar Portal
1
Planning:
Flightlines were developed using Mission Pro software. Careful planning of the pulse rate, flight altitude, and ground speed ensured that data quality and coverage conditions were met while optimizing flight paths and ensuring the necessary pulse density of greater than eight points per square meter. The known factors were prepared for, such as: GPS constellation availability, acquisition windows, and resource allocation. In addition, a variety of logistical barriers were anticipated, namely private property access and acquisition personnel logistics. Finally, weather hazards and conditions affecting flight were continuously monitored due to their impact on the daily success of airborne and ground operations.
2
Geospatial Corrections of Aircraft Positional Data
PP-RTX
To improve precision and accuracy of the aircraft trajectory, the latest generation of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) satellites and recent advances in GNSS post-processing technology have made possible trajectory processing methods that do not require conventional base support: specifically, Trimble CenterPoint Post-Processed Real-Time
Extended (PP-RTX). PP-RTX using Applanix POSPac MMS software leverages near real-time atmospheric models from Trimble's extensive worldwide network of continuously operating base stations to produce highly accurate trajectories. When utilized properly and sufficiently controlled by a ground survey during post-processing, PP-RTX has the following advantages over conventional collection methods:
Agility: The airborne acquisition is untethered by access constraints of the ground survey team at the time of acquisition, particularly in remote areas that lack permanent base stations.
Flexibility: The airborne acquisition team can instantly shift collection priorities based on weather and client needs without waiting for a ground survey team to relocate.
Accuracy: If properly controlled with a ground survey and datum adjustment during post-processing, PP-RTX produces results at least as accurate as conventional methods utilizing base stations.
3
Ground Survey Points
The ground survey for the WA DNR San Juan County project was conducted between March 10 and March 19, 2019. Ground survey data were used for data calibration and accuracy assessment purposes. Ground survey points (GSPs) were collected using real time kinematic (RTK), post-processed kinematic (PPK), and Fast Static (FS) techniques. For RTK surveys, a base receiver was positioned at a nearby monument to broadcast a kinematic
correction to a roving receiver; for PPK and FS surveys, however, these corrections were post-processed. RTK and PPK surveys recorded observations for a minimum of five seconds on each GCP/GSP in order to support longer baselines for post-processing; FS surveys record observations for up to fifteen minutes on each point in order to support longer baselines for postprocessing.
All GSP measurements were made during periods with a Position Dilution of Precision (PDOP) no greater than 3.0 and in view of at least six satellites for both receivers. Relative errors for the position were requred to be less than 1.5 centimeters horizontal and 2.0 centimeters vertical in order to be accepted.
Base Stations
Base stations were utilized for collection of GSPs and selected with consideration for satellite visibility, field crew safety, and optimal location for GSP coverage. A combination of Leica SmartNet Real-Time Network (RTN) base stations, Washington State Reference Network (WSRN) RTN base stations, and QSI-established monuments were utilized for this project. New monumentation was set using magnetic survey nails.
4
Airborne Survey
All data for the 2019 San Juan County project area were flown between March 2 and March 21, 2019 utilizing a Riegl LMS -Q1560 sensor mounted in a Piper Navajo twin-engine turbine aircraft. The LiDAR system for Riegl LMS-Q1560 sensor was set to acquire greater than or equal to 800,000 laser pulses per second (i.e. 800 kHz pulse rate; 400 kHz per channel) and flown at 1400 meters above ground level (AGL), capturing a 58.5 degree field of view.
These settings and flight parameters are developed to yield points with an average native density of greater than or equal to 8 over terrestrial surfaces. The native pulse density is the number of pulses emitted by the LiDAR system. Some types of surfaces (e.g., dense vegetation or water) may return fewer pulses than the laser originally emitted. Therefore, the delivered density can be less than the native density and vary according to distributions of terrain, land cover, and water bodies.
The study area was surveyed with opposing flight line side-lap of greater than or equal to 60% (greater than or equal to 100% overlap) for Riegal LMS-Q1560 sensor to reduce laser shadowing and increase surface laser painting. The system allows for an unlimited number of LiDAR return measurements per pulse, and all discernible laser returns were processed for the output data set.
The LiDAR sensor operators constantly monitored the data collection settings during acquisition of the data, including pulse rate, power setting, scan rate, gain, field of view, and pulse mode. For each flight the crew performed airborne calibration maneuvers designed to improve the calibration results during the data processing stage. The LiDAR coverage was completed with no data gaps or voids, barring non-reflective surfaces (e.g., open water, wet asphalt). All necessary measures were taken to acquire data under conditions (e.g., minimum cloud decks, no snow on the ground) and in a manner (e.g., adherence to flight plans) that prevented the possibility of data gaps. All QSI LiDAR systems are calibrated per the manufacturer and our own specifications, and tested by QSI for internal consistency among every mission using proprietary methods.
To solve for laser point position, an accurate description of aircraft position and attitude is vital. Aircraft position is described as x, y, and z and was measured twice per second (two hertz) by an on-board differential GPS unit. Aircraft attitude is described as pitch, roll, and yaw (heading) and was measured 200 times per second (200 hertz) from an onboard inertial measurement unit (IMU). Weather conditions were constantly assessed in flight, as adverse conditions not only affect data quality, but can prove unsafe for flying.
5
Once the LiDAR data arrived in the laboratory, QSI employed a suite of automated and manual techniques for processing tasks. Processing tasks included: GPS, kinematic corrections, calculation of laser point position, relative accuracy testing, classification of ground and non-ground points, and assessments of statistical absolute accuracy. The general workflow for calibration of the LiDAR data was as follows:
Resolve GNSS kinematic corrections for aircraft position data using kinematic aircraft GNSS (collected at 2Hz) and IMU (collected at 200Hz) data with Trimble CenterPoint PP-RTX methodologies. Used POSGNSS, PosPac MMS
Develop a smoothed best estimate of trajectory (SBET) file that blends post-processed aircraft position with attitude data. Sensor heading, position, and attitude are calculated throughout the survey. Used POSGNSS, PosPac MMS
Calculate laser point position by associating SBET position to each laser point return time, with offsets relative to scan angle, intensity, etc. This process creates the raw laser point cloud data for the entire survey in *.las (ASPRS v 1.2) format, in which each point maintains the corresponding scan angle, return number (echo), intensity, and x, y, z information. These data are converted to orthometric elevation (NAVD88 & NGVD29) by applying a Geoid correction. Used RiProcess and RiWorld
Test relative accuracy using ground classified points per each flight line. Perform automated line-to-line calibrations for system attitude parameters (pitch, roll, heading), mirror flex (scale), and GNSS/IMU drift. Calibrations are performed on ground classified points from paired flight lines. Every flight line is used for relative accuracy calibration. Used TerraMatch, TerraScan, QSI Proprietary Software
Assess NVA via direct comparisons of ground classified points to ground RTK survey data. Point classifications are assigned for features of interest via a combination of QSI custom algorithms and manual inspection. Used TerraScan, TerraMatch, Trimble Business Center
8
The NOAA Office for Coastal Management (OCM) downloaded 15 raster DEM files in GeoTiff format from the Washington Lidar Portal. The data were in Washington State Plane South NAD83(HARN), US survey feet coordinates and NAVD88 (Geoid12B) elevations in feet. The bare earth raster files were at a 3 feet grid spacing. No metadata record was provided with the data. This record is populated with information from the Quantum Geospatial, Inc. technical report downloaded from the Washington Dept. of Natural Resources Washington Lidar Portal. NOAA OCM noted that there is water surface data that extends out into the coastal water bordering along the topographic data.
OCM performed the following processing on the data for Digital Coast storage and provisioning purposes:
1. Used internal an script to assign the EPSG codes (Horizontal EPSG: 2927 and Vertical EPSG: 6360) to the GeoTiff formatted files.
2. Copied the files to https.
2022-03-07T00:00:00
Organization
Office for Coastal Management
OCM
2234 South Hobson Avenue
Charleston
SC
29405-2413
https://www.coast.noaa.gov/
67199
Data Set
2019 WA DNR Lidar: San Juan County, WA
Cross Reference
gov.noaa.nmfs.inport:67179
Rebecca Mataosky
2022-05-05T18:59:43
Kirk Waters
2024-01-10T19:25:04
2024-01-10
OCM Partners
OCMP
1002
Public
No
2022-05-06
1 Year
2023-05-06