Mediterranean Monk Seal 5-Year Review (2024)

Under section 4(c)(2) of the Endangered Species Act (ESA), we are required to conduct a review of all listed species at least once every 5 years. In 1970, NOAA Fisheries listed the Mediterranean monk seal (Monachus monachus) as endangered under the ESA. In 2024, we initiated the most recent 5-year review, which was conducted by the NMFS Office of Protected Resources. The 5-year review is based on the best available data through October 2024. We concluded that no change to the listing status of the Mediterranean monk seal is warranted at this time.