AFSC/MML: Acoustics short-term passive monitoring using sonobuoys in the Gulf of Alaska, Bering, Chukchi, and Western Beaufort Seas, Summer 2007-2018
Alaska Fisheries Science Center
Data Set
(DS)
| ID: 17346
| Published / External
Created: 2012-12-21
|
Last Modified: 2024-10-03
Project (PRJ) | ID: 23107
ID: 17346
Data Set (DS)
* Discovery• First Pass
» Metadata Rubric
Item Identification
* » Title | AFSC/MML: Acoustics short-term passive monitoring using sonobuoys in the Gulf of Alaska, Bering, Chukchi, and Western Beaufort Seas, Summer 2007-2018 |
---|---|
Short Name | AFSC/MML: Acoustics short-term passive monitoring using sonobuoys in the Gulf of Alaska, Bering, Chukchi, and Western Beaufort Seas, Summer 2007-2018 |
* Status | In Work |
Creation Date | 2007 |
Revision Date | |
• Publication Date | |
* » Abstract |
The Marine Mammal Laboratory (MML) has conducted passive acoustic monitoring in the Gulf of Alaska, Bering, Chukchi, and Western Beaufort Seas to determine spatio-temporal distribution of marine mammals as well as environmental and anthropogenic noise. Species and sounds detected on sonobuoys include fin, blue, bowhead, humpback, killer, gray, minke, sperm, beluga, sei, and North Pacific right whales, walrus, ribbon and bearded seals, fish, and seismic airguns. This short-term passive acoustic monitoring was also used to locate vocalizing species of interest for photo-identification, tagging, and behavioral studies. Recordings are available since 2007 in the Bering Sea, since 2010 in the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas, and in 2013 and 2015 in the Gulf of Alaska. Both omnidirectional and DiFAR sonobuoys have been used. In one year (2009), sonobuoys were deployed opportunistically from an aerial survey plane. All sonobuoys were provided by the United States Navy (Naval Operational Logistics Support Center, Naval Surface Warfare Center, Crane Division, and the Office of the Assistant Secretary of the Navy). |
* Purpose |
The purpose of these sonobuoy deployments is to assess short-term presence, distribution, and relative abundance of marine mammals in the Gulf of Alaska, Bering, Chukchi, and Beaufort Seas, and also to locate vocalizing species of interest for photo-identification, tagging, and behavioral studies. |
Notes |
Loaded by FGDC Metadata Uploader, batch 6834, 08-14-2015 14:25 The following FGDC sections are not currently supported in InPort, but were preserved and will be included in the FGDC export: - Taxonomy (FGDC:taxonomy) |
Other Citation Details | |
• Supplemental Information | |
DOI (Digital Object Identifier) | |
DOI Registration Authority | |
DOI Issue Date |
Keywords
Theme Keywords
Thesaurus | Keyword |
---|---|
ISO 19115 Topic Category | biota |
ISO 19115 Topic Category | oceans |
None | Difar |
None | passive acoustics |
None | seismic airguns |
None | sonobuoy |
Temporal Keywords
Thesaurus | Keyword |
---|---|
None | fall |
None | summer |
* Spatial Keywords
Thesaurus | Keyword |
---|---|
None | Bering Sea |
None | Chukchi Sea |
None | Gulf of Alaska |
None | Western Beaufort Sea |
Stratum Keywords
Thesaurus | Keyword |
---|---|
Instrument Keywords
Thesaurus | Keyword |
---|---|
Platform Keywords
Thesaurus | Keyword |
---|---|
Physical Location
• » Organization | National Marine Mammal Laboratory |
---|---|
• » City | Seattle |
• » State/Province | WA |
• Country | United States |
• » Location Description |
Data Set Information
* Data Set Scope Code | Data Set |
---|---|
• Data Set Type | |
• Maintenance Frequency | Annually |
Maintenance Note | |
» Data Presentation Form | Table (digital) |
• Entity Attribute Overview | |
Entity Attribute Detail Citation | |
Entity Attribute Detail URL | |
Distribution Liability |
The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose. NOAA denies liability if the data are misused. |
Data Set Credit | Sonobuoys were provided by the Naval Surface Warfare Center, Crane Division; Naval Operational Logistics Support Center; Office of the Assist. Secretary of the Navy. Funding for surveys provided by BOEM, OAR, IWC, and Government of Japan. |
Support Roles
* » Support Role | Data Steward |
---|---|
* » Date Effective From | 2007 |
Date Effective To | |
Person | Berchok, Catherine |
Email Address | catherine.berchok@noaa.gov |
Phone | 206-526-6331 |
Fax | |
Mobile | |
URL | |
Business Hours | |
Contact Instructions |
* » Support Role | Distributor |
---|---|
* » Date Effective From | 2015-08-14 |
Date Effective To | |
Organization | NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) |
Email Address | ncei.info@noaa.gov |
Phone | |
Fax | |
Mobile | |
URL | https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact |
Business Hours | |
Contact Instructions |
* » Support Role | Metadata Contact |
---|---|
* » Date Effective From | 2015-08-14 |
Date Effective To | |
Person | MC, Metadata Coordinators |
Email Address | AFSC.metadata@noaa.gov |
Phone | |
Fax | |
Mobile | |
URL | |
Business Hours | |
Contact Instructions |
* » Support Role | Originator |
---|---|
* » Date Effective From | 2015-08-14 |
Date Effective To | |
Organization | Alaska Fisheries Science Center (AFSC) |
Address |
7600 Sand Point Way N.E., Building 4 Seattle, WA 98115 USA |
Email Address | afsc.webmaster@noaa.gov |
Phone | (206) 526-4000 |
Fax | (206) 526-4004 |
Mobile | |
URL | https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/about/alaska-fisheries-science-center |
Business Hours | 0700-1700 Pacific Time |
Contact Instructions |
* » Support Role | Point of Contact |
---|---|
* » Date Effective From | 2015-08-14 |
Date Effective To | |
Person | Berchok, Catherine |
Email Address | catherine.berchok@noaa.gov |
Phone | 206-526-6331 |
Fax | |
Mobile | |
URL | |
Business Hours | |
Contact Instructions |
* » Support Role | |
---|---|
* » Date Effective From | |
Date Effective To | |
* » Contact | |
* Contact Instructions |
* » Support Role | |
---|---|
* » Date Effective From | |
Date Effective To | |
* » Contact | |
* Contact Instructions |
* » Support Role | |
---|---|
* » Date Effective From | |
Date Effective To | |
* » Contact | |
* Contact Instructions |
Extents
Currentness Reference | Ground Condition |
---|
Extent Group 1
Extent Description |
---|
Extent Group 1 / Geographic Area 1
* » W° Bound | 170.3 |
---|---|
* » E° Bound | -149.5 |
* » N° Bound | 73.5 |
* » S° Bound | 53.5 |
* » Description |
Gulf of Alaska, Bering, Chukchi, and Western Beaufort Seas |
Extent Group 1 / Vertical Extent
EPSG Code | |
---|---|
Vertical Minimum | |
Vertical Maximum |
Extent Group 1 / Time Frame 1
* » Time Frame Type | Range |
---|---|
* » Start | 2007 |
End | 2014 |
Alternate Start As Of Info | |
Alternate End As Of Info | |
Description |
Spatial Information
Spatial Resolution
Angular Distance | |
---|---|
Angular Distance Units | |
Horizontal Distance | |
Horizontal Distance Units | |
Vertical Distance | |
Vertical Distance Units | |
Equivalent Scale Denominator | |
Level of Detail Description |
|
Spatial Representation
Grid Representation Used? | |
---|---|
Vector Representation Used? | |
Text / Table Representation Used? | |
TIN Representation Used? | |
Stereo Model Representation Used? | |
Video Representation Used? |
Grid Representation
Dimension Count | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cell Geometry | |||||||||||||
Transformation Parameter Available? | |||||||||||||
Axis Dimension |
|||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||
Axis Dimension |
|||||||||||||
|
Vector Representation
Topology Level | |
---|---|
Complex Object Present? | |
Complex Object Count | |
Composite Object Present? | |
Composite Object Count | |
Curve Object Present? | |
Curve Object Count | |
Point Object Present? | |
Point Object Count | |
Solid Object Present? | |
Solid Object Count | |
Surface Object Present? | |
Surface Object Count |
Reference Systems
Reference System
EPSG Code | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Horizontal Resolution |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Vertical Resolution |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Access Information
Data License | |
---|---|
Data License URL | |
Data License Statement | |
* » Security Class | Unclassified |
* Security Classification System | |
Security Handling Description | |
• Data Access Policy | |
» Data Access Procedure |
The data are available at NCEI: http://data.nodc.noaa.gov/cgi-bin/iso?id=gov.noaa.nodc:0138863 |
• » Data Access Constraints |
There are no legal restrictions on access to the data. They reside in public domain and can be freely distributed. |
• Data Use Constraints |
User must read and fully comprehend the metadata prior to use. Applications or inferences derived from the data should be carefully considered for accuracy. Acknowledgement of NOAA/NMFS/AFSC, as the source from which these data were obtained in any publications and/or other representations of these, data is suggested. |
Metadata Access Constraints | |
Metadata Use Constraints |
Distribution Information
Start Date | |
---|---|
» Download URL | http://data.nodc.noaa.gov/cgi-bin/iso?id=gov.noaa.nodc:0138863 |
Distributor | NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) (2015-08-14 - Present) |
File Name | |
Description |
csv file with sonobuoy data. |
File Date/Time | |
File Type (Deprecated) | csv (comma-separated values) |
Distribution Format | CSV - Comma Separated Values (Text) |
File Size | |
Application Version | |
Compression | |
Review Status |
Start Date | |
---|---|
End Date | |
» Download URL | |
Distributor | |
File Name | |
Description | |
File Date/Time | |
File Type | |
FGDC Content Type | |
File Size | |
Application Version | |
Compression | |
Review Status |
Start Date | |
---|---|
End Date | |
» Download URL | |
Distributor | |
File Name | |
Description | |
File Date/Time | |
File Type | |
FGDC Content Type | |
File Size | |
Application Version | |
Compression | |
Review Status |
Start Date | |
---|---|
End Date | |
» Download URL | |
Distributor | |
File Name | |
Description | |
File Date/Time | |
File Type | |
FGDC Content Type | |
File Size | |
Application Version | |
Compression | |
Review Status |
Archive Information
Location | |
---|---|
File Identifier | |
File Name | |
URL | |
Description | |
DOI | |
Archive Date | |
Archive Update Frequency |
Location | |
---|---|
File Identifier | |
File Name | |
URL | |
Description | |
DOI | |
Archive Date | |
Archive Update Frequency |
Location | |
---|---|
File Identifier | |
File Name | |
URL | |
Description | |
DOI | |
Archive Date | |
Archive Update Frequency |
URLs
URL | http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1748-7692.2012.00573.x/full |
---|---|
Name | |
URL Type | Online Resource |
File Resource Format | |
Description |
Rone et al. 2012. Using air-deployed passive sonobuoys to detect and locate critically endangered North Pacific right whales. Marine Mammal Science Volume 28, Issue 4, pages E528–E538. |
URL | |
---|---|
Name | |
URL Type | |
File Resource Format | |
Description |
URL | |
---|---|
Name | |
URL Type | |
File Resource Format | |
Description |
URL | |
---|---|
Name | |
URL Type | |
File Resource Format | |
Description |
Activity Log
Activity Time | |
---|---|
Activity Type | |
Responsible Party | |
Description |
Activity Time | |
---|---|
Activity Type | |
Responsible Party | |
Description |
Activity Time | |
---|---|
Activity Type | |
Responsible Party | |
Description |
Issues
Issue Date | |
---|---|
Author | |
Issue |
Issue Date | |
---|---|
Author | |
Issue |
Issue Date | |
---|---|
Author | |
Issue |
Technical Environment
Description |
Excel and Matlab files |
---|
Data Quality
Representativeness | |
---|---|
Accuracy | |
Analytical Accuracy | |
Horizontal Positional Accuracy | |
Vertical Positional Accuracy | |
Quantitation Limits | |
Bias | |
Comparability | |
Completeness Measure | |
Precision | |
Analytical Precision | |
Field Precision | |
Sensitivity | |
Detection Limit | |
Completeness Report |
In previous years, some information was not always recorded including specific sonobuoy information (e.g. Manufacturer, Year, Settings, etc.) or deployment information (e.g. time, water depth, channel settings, etc.). |
Conceptual Consistency |
Not applicable. |
» Quality Control Procedures Employed |
Sonobuoy recordings are reviewed upon returning from the survey. Questionable acoustic detections are analyzed, and if necessary, clips are sent to colleagues for confirmation or identification. |
Data Management
» Have Resources for Management of these Data Been Identified? | No |
---|---|
» Approximate Percentage of Budget for these Data Devoted to Data Management | 0 |
» Do these Data Comply with the Data Access Directive? | Yes |
» Is Access to the Data Limited Based on an Approved Waiver? | No |
» If Distributor (Data Hosting Service) is Needed, Please Indicate | |
» Approximate Delay Between Data Collection and Dissemination | Unknown |
» If Delay is Longer than Latency of Automated Processing, Indicate Under What Authority Data Access is Delayed | |
» Actual or Planned Long-Term Data Archive Location | NCEI-CO |
» Approximate Delay Between Data Collection and Archiving | Unknown |
» How Will the Data Be Protected from Accidental or Malicious Modification or Deletion Prior to Receipt by the Archive? |
IT Security and Contingency Plan for the system establishes procedures and applies to the functions, operations, and resources necessary to recover and restore data as hosted in the Western Regional Support Center in Seattle, Washington, following a disruption. |
Lineage
» Lineage Statement |
A sonobuoy is a free-floating, expendable, short-term passive acoustic listening device that transmits signals in real time via VHF radio waves to a receiver on a vessel or aircraft. The hydrophone is suspended down from the surface float at a programmable depth. For the majority of deployments, modifications were made by tying or taping sections of the sonobuoy housing to prevent the main wire spool from deploying; the resulting deployment depth was then 24 m. Additional modifications involved replacement of the display battery. Three types of sonobuoys were used: omnidirectional only, DiFAR only, and programmable DiFAR/Omnidirectional. DiFAR (Directional Frequency Analysis and Recording) capable sonobuoys transmit signal bearing information along with the acoustic signal. If two or more DiFAR sonobuoys are deployed, cross-fixes can be obtained on a calling animal to determine its location. When in DiFAR mode, the maximum frequency is limited to 2.5 kHz; the omni-directional sonobuoys were deployed occasionally in omnidirectional mode to achieve full bandwidth when bearing information was not needed. The methods that follow apply from 2009 on; prior to 2009 a variety of equipment and methods were used (see www.data.boem.gov/PI/PDFImages/ESPIS/5/5243.pdf for further details). The signals transmitted from the sonobuoys were received by one of two antennas, an omnidirectional and a directional (Yagi) antenna. Both antennas were placed in the crow’s nest of the vessel with the directional antenna facing astern. The directional antenna was used primarily during transit when the sonobuoy behind the vessel, and the omnidirectional antenna was used for monitoring multiple sonobuoys simultaneously, or when the boat was idling at station. A switch located in the bridge next to the acoustic station was used to alternate between antennas depending on the direction of travel. The signals received by the shipboard antennas were pre-amplified (15dB; PV160VDA, Advanced Receiver Research, Burlington, VT), before being sent via cabling to three G39WSBe WinRadio sonobuoy receivers, then inputted into a MOTU brand Ultralite mk3 multi-channel external soundcard. The soundcard digitized the signal at a sampling rate of 48 kHz. The external soundcard was connected to a laptop computer where the recordings were monitored in real-time and simultaneously recorded to an external hard drive using ISHMAEL (Mellinger 2001) software. Directional bearing information of calls was obtained using DiFAR demultiplexing software and a custom MATLAB interface (Greeneridge Sciences, Inc. and Mark McDonald, Whale Acoustics). A GPS feed into the computer provided the ship’s position every minute, as well as the sonobuoy deployment location information, and time. A custom tracking and plotting program implemented in MATLAB (Catherine Berchok, MML) allowed for real-time plotting of the vessel and sonobuoy locations, as well as bearing and location coordinates of calling whales. Monitoring occurred in real time 24/7, with the majority of sonobuoys deployed every three hours during ship transits. Analysis of sonobuoy data was undertaken primarily during the cruise. An acoustic technician monitored the scrolling spectrograms of the recordings from each sonobuoy aurally as well as visually, and noted the species detected during its deployment, these are included in the data as detected (1), not-detected (0), or possibly detected (2). Further information can be obtained via the following publications: Crance et al. 2017, and Rone et al. 2012. |
---|
Sources
Citation Title | |
---|---|
Contact Role Type | |
Contact Type | |
Contact Name | |
Publish Date | |
Extent Type | |
Extent Start Date/Time | |
Extent End Date/Time | |
Citation URL | |
Citation URL Name | |
Citation URL Description | |
Scale Denominator |
Citation Title | |
---|---|
Contact Role Type | |
Contact Type | |
Contact Name | |
Publish Date | |
Extent Type | |
Extent Start Date/Time | |
Extent End Date/Time | |
Citation URL | |
Citation URL Name | |
Citation URL Description | |
Scale Denominator |
Citation Title | |
---|---|
Contact Role Type | |
Contact Type | |
Contact Name | |
Publish Date | |
Extent Type | |
Extent Start Date/Time | |
Extent End Date/Time | |
Citation URL | |
Citation URL Name | |
Citation URL Description | |
Scale Denominator |
Process Steps
Process Step Number | 1 |
---|---|
» Description |
NA |
Process Date/Time | |
Process Contact | |
Phone (Voice) | |
Email Address | |
Source |
Process Step Number | |
---|---|
» Description | |
Process Date/Time | |
Process Contact | |
Phone (Voice) | |
Email Address | |
Source |
Process Step Number | |
---|---|
» Description | |
Process Date/Time | |
Process Contact | |
Phone (Voice) | |
Email Address | |
Source |
Process Step Number | |
---|---|
» Description | |
Process Date/Time | |
Process Contact | |
Phone (Voice) | |
Email Address | |
Source |
Acquisition Information
Instruments
Instrument Unavailable Reason |
---|
Identifier | |
---|---|
Docucomp UUID | |
Instrument / Gear | |
Instrument Type | |
Description |
Identifier | |
---|---|
Docucomp UUID | |
Instrument / Gear | |
Instrument Type | |
Description |
Identifier | |
---|---|
Docucomp UUID | |
Instrument / Gear | |
Instrument Type | |
Description |
Platforms
Platform Unavailable Reason |
---|
Identifier | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Docucomp UUID | |||||||
Description | |||||||
Mounted Instruments |
|||||||
|
Identifier | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Docucomp UUID | |||||||
Description | |||||||
Mounted Instruments |
|||||||
|
Identifier | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Docucomp UUID | |||||||
Description | |||||||
Mounted Instruments |
|||||||
|
FAQs
Date | |
---|---|
Author | |
Question | |
Answer |
Related Items
Item Type | Relationship Type | Title |
---|---|---|
Catalog Details
Catalog Item ID | 17346 |
---|---|
Metadata Record Created By | SysAdmin InPortAdmin |
Metadata Record Created | 2012-12-21 17:13+0000 |
Metadata Record Last Modified By | SysAdmin InPortAdmin |
» Metadata Record Last Modified | 2024-10-03 18:16+0000 |
Metadata Record Published | 2019-02-07 |
Owner Org | AFSC |
Metadata Publication Status | Published Externally |
Do Not Publish? | N |
Metadata Workflow State | Published / External |
Metadata Last Review Date | 2019-02-07 |
Metadata Review Frequency | 1 Year |
Metadata Next Review Date | 2020-02-07 |
Tags |
---|