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Summary

A CAU two years after deployment.

Short Citation
Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, 2024: Pacific Reef Assessment and Monitoring Program: Calcification Rates of Crustose Coralline Algae Derived from Calcification Accretion Units (CAUs) Deployed across American Samoa and the Pacific Remote Island Areas in 2010, https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/26945.
Full Citation Examples

Abstract

Calcification accretion units, or CAUs, are used to assess the current effects of changes in seawater carbonate chemistry on calcification and accretion rates of calcareous and fleshy algae in the Hawaiian and Mariana Archipelagos, American Samoa, and the Pacific Remote Island Areas as part of the Pacific Reef Assessment and Monitoring Program (RAMP).

Laboratory experiments reveal calcification rates of crustose coralline algae (CCA) are strongly correlated to seawater aragonite saturation state. Predictions of reduced coral calcification rates, due to ocean acidification, suggest that coral reef communities will undergo ecological phase shifts as calcifying organisms are negatively impacted by changing seawater chemistry.

Deployed on the seafloor for a period of time, CAUs allow for recruitment and colonization of CCA and hard corals. By measuring the change in weight of the CAUs, the reef carbonate accretion rate can be calculated for that time period. Monitoring net accretion over successive deployments allows for the detection of changes in calcification rates over time.

The calcification rate data described here are from CAUs that have been deployed and retrieved at existing, long-term monitoring sites during NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), Coral Reef Ecosystem Program (CREP) led RAMP missions around American Samoa and the Pacific Remote Island Areas in 2010 and 2012, in accordance with protocols developed by Price et al. 2012. There are typically (but not always) five CAU sites established at each location CREP visits with five units deployed at each site.

CAUs are composed of two 10 x 10 cm flat, square, gray PVC plates, stacked 1 cm apart, and are attached to the benthos using stainless steel threaded rods. Calcareous organisms, primarily crustose coralline algae and encrusting corals, recruit to these plates and accrete/calcify carbonate skeletons over 2-3 year deployments. Due to the simple, low-cost design and analysis, statistically robust numbers of calcification plates can easily be deployed, recovered, and processed to provide estimates of net calcification.

This study provides information about Pacific-wide spatial patterns of algal calcification and accretion rates and serves as a basis for detecting changes associated with changing seawater chemistry due to ocean acidification. In conjunction with benthic community composition data (separate dataset), the calcification rates will aid in determining the magnitude of how ocean acidification affects coral reefs in the natural environment. The data can be accessed online via the NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) Ocean Archive.

Analysis of these data will expand scientists’ capacity for assessing coral reef resilience regarding the effects of ocean acidification outside of controlled laboratory experiments. These data can also be used in comparative analyses across natural gradients, thereby assisting efforts to determine whether key reef-building taxa can acclimatize to changing oceanographic environments. These data will have immediate, direct impacts on predictions of reef resilience in a higher carbon dioxide (CO2) world and on the design of reef management strategies.

This effort is a partnership between CREP and Drs. Nichole Price of Bigelow Marine Laboratory and Jen Smith of Scripps Institution of Oceanography, who have extensive knowledge of marine benthic algal community ecology.

Distribution Information

  • PDF - Adobe Portable Document Format, 786 KB

    NOAA Coral Reef Ecosystem Program (CREP) Calcification Accretion Unit (CAU) Assembly, Deployment, and Recovery Standard Operating Procedure (2015)

  • PDF - Adobe Portable Document Format, 811 KB

    NOAA Coral Reef Ecosystem Program (CREP) Calcification Accretion Unit (CAU) Laboratory Analysis Standard Operating Procedure (2015)

  • PDF - Adobe Portable Document Format

    Summary report of baseline surveys and installations conducted in 2015 in the National Marine Sanctuary of American Samoa. This report includes the calcification accretion unit (CAU) methodology.

  • CSV - Comma Separated Values (Text)

    Calcification rate data derived from calcification accretion units (CAUs) deployed and recovered by the NOAA Coral Reef Ecosystem Program at sites across American Samoa and the Pacific Remote Island Areas in 2012.

Access Constraints:

None

Use Constraints:

Please cite NOAA Coral Reef Ecosystem Program (CREP) when using the data.

Suggested Citation:

Coral Reef Ecosystem Program; Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (2016). Pacific Reef Assessment and Monitoring Program: Calcification Rates of Crustose Coralline Algae Derived from Calcification Accretion Units (CAUs) Deployed across American Samoa and the Pacific Remote Island Areas in 2010. NOAA's National Center for Environmental Information, https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/26945.

Controlled Theme Keywords

biota

Child Items

Type Title
Entity View: V_CALCIFICATION_RATE_BY_UNIT

Contact Information

Point of Contact
Thomas Oliver
thomas.oliver@noaa.gov
(808)725-5444

Metadata Contact
Annette M DesRochers
annette.desrochers@noaa.gov
(808)725-5461

Extents

Geographic Area 1

-171.09222° W, -168.13785° E, -11.04576° N, -14.55962° S

Time Frame 1
2010-02-17 - 2012-04-26

Date first CAU was deployed during ASRAMP 2010, and date last CAU was recovered during ASRAMP 2012.

Item Identification

Title: Pacific Reef Assessment and Monitoring Program: Calcification Rates of Crustose Coralline Algae Derived from Calcification Accretion Units (CAUs) Deployed across American Samoa and the Pacific Remote Island Areas in 2010
Short Name: RAMP: CAUs
Status: Completed
Publication Date: 2016
Abstract:

Calcification accretion units, or CAUs, are used to assess the current effects of changes in seawater carbonate chemistry on calcification and accretion rates of calcareous and fleshy algae in the Hawaiian and Mariana Archipelagos, American Samoa, and the Pacific Remote Island Areas as part of the Pacific Reef Assessment and Monitoring Program (RAMP).

Laboratory experiments reveal calcification rates of crustose coralline algae (CCA) are strongly correlated to seawater aragonite saturation state. Predictions of reduced coral calcification rates, due to ocean acidification, suggest that coral reef communities will undergo ecological phase shifts as calcifying organisms are negatively impacted by changing seawater chemistry.

Deployed on the seafloor for a period of time, CAUs allow for recruitment and colonization of CCA and hard corals. By measuring the change in weight of the CAUs, the reef carbonate accretion rate can be calculated for that time period. Monitoring net accretion over successive deployments allows for the detection of changes in calcification rates over time.

The calcification rate data described here are from CAUs that have been deployed and retrieved at existing, long-term monitoring sites during NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), Coral Reef Ecosystem Program (CREP) led RAMP missions around American Samoa and the Pacific Remote Island Areas in 2010 and 2012, in accordance with protocols developed by Price et al. 2012. There are typically (but not always) five CAU sites established at each location CREP visits with five units deployed at each site.

CAUs are composed of two 10 x 10 cm flat, square, gray PVC plates, stacked 1 cm apart, and are attached to the benthos using stainless steel threaded rods. Calcareous organisms, primarily crustose coralline algae and encrusting corals, recruit to these plates and accrete/calcify carbonate skeletons over 2-3 year deployments. Due to the simple, low-cost design and analysis, statistically robust numbers of calcification plates can easily be deployed, recovered, and processed to provide estimates of net calcification.

This study provides information about Pacific-wide spatial patterns of algal calcification and accretion rates and serves as a basis for detecting changes associated with changing seawater chemistry due to ocean acidification. In conjunction with benthic community composition data (separate dataset), the calcification rates will aid in determining the magnitude of how ocean acidification affects coral reefs in the natural environment. The data can be accessed online via the NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) Ocean Archive.

Analysis of these data will expand scientists’ capacity for assessing coral reef resilience regarding the effects of ocean acidification outside of controlled laboratory experiments. These data can also be used in comparative analyses across natural gradients, thereby assisting efforts to determine whether key reef-building taxa can acclimatize to changing oceanographic environments. These data will have immediate, direct impacts on predictions of reef resilience in a higher carbon dioxide (CO2) world and on the design of reef management strategies.

This effort is a partnership between CREP and Drs. Nichole Price of Bigelow Marine Laboratory and Jen Smith of Scripps Institution of Oceanography, who have extensive knowledge of marine benthic algal community ecology.

Purpose:

The Pacific Reef Assessment and Monitoring Program (Pacific RAMP), established by the NOAA Coral Reef Ecosystem Program (CREP) and supported by NOAA's Coral Reef Conservation Program (CRCP), is tasked with documenting and understanding the status and trends of coral reef ecosystems in the U.S. Pacific. Pacific RAMP involves interdisciplinary monitoring of oceanographic conditions and biological surveys of organisms associated with hard-bottomed habitats in the 0 - 30 m depth range. Regions are surveyed on a biennial cycle and aims to support integrated, consistent and comparable monitoring of coral reefs across all U.S.-affiliated regions.

Supplemental Information:

The data described is collected as part of the Pacific Reef Assessment and Monitoring Program (RAMP) which pre-dates the establishment of the National Coral Reef Monitoring Program (NCRMP) in 2013, which is a framework for conducting sustained observations of biological, climate, and socioeconomic indicators at 10 priority coral reefs across the U.S. and its territories. This integrated approach will consolidate monitoring of coral reefs under a uniform method in the Pacific, Atlantic, Caribbean, and the Gulf of Mexico for the first time. NCRMP is funded by the CRCP and supported by NOAA Fisheries, NOAA National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS), and many other partners. The Coral Reef Ecosystem Program (CREP) at NOAA Fisheries is leading ocean and climate change monitoring in the U.S. Pacific Islands Region.

The climate component of NCRMP in the Pacific provides a comprehensive view of climate change impacts on coral reef ecosystems and helps identify areas of resilience and vulnerability. The key indicators used to identify and monitor climate-driven trends include 1) thermal stress caused by changes in sea temperature, 2) ocean acidification resulting from changes in carbonate chemistry, and 3) ecological impacts by collecting data on coral growth rates, erosion, and community structure to understand the impacts of thermal stress and ocean acidification on the ecosystem. Each year, CREP scientists work closely with CRCP and partners during Reef Assessment and Monitoring Program (RAMP) missions to collect data using moored oceanographic (subsurface temperature recorders) and ecological (calcification accretion units [CAUs] and autonomous reef monitoring structures [ARMS]) instruments stationed at fixed sites in the Pacific Ocean, and water samples collected by divers. The in-situ data and satellite-based observations are also used in modeling efforts. Innovative analysis techniques are used to develop products that give fellow scientists, managers, decision makers and the public a better understanding of a region’s resources and how they are changing over time.

Keywords

Theme Keywords

Thesaurus Keyword
ISO 19115 Topic Category
biota
UNCONTROLLED
CoRIS Discovery Thesaurus Numeric Data Sets > Calcification Rate
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Aquatic Habitat > Reef Habitat
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Vegetation > Algae > Algal Cover
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Vegetation > Algae > Algal Growth > Calcification Rate
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Vegetation > Algae > Calcareous Macroalgae
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Vegetation > Algae > Crustose Coralline Algae
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Vegetation > Algae > Encrusting Macroalgae
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Vegetation > Algae > Fleshy Macroalgae
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Vegetation > Algae > Reef Monitoring and Assessment
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Vegetation > Algae > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Calcification Accretion Unit (CAU)
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Ocean Chemistry > Calcification
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Ocean Chemistry > Carbonate Chemistry
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Ocean Chemistry > Ocean Acidification
CRCP Project 1221
CRCP Project 409
CRCP Project 587
CRCP Project C204 Pacific Reef Assessment and Monitoring Program (Pacific RAMP): Biennial monitoring for the US Pacific Islands and Atolls
CRCP Project Ocean Acidification - Quantification of Calcification and Accretion Rates of Corals and Crustose Coralline Algae across the Pacific Ocean
CRCP Project Pacific Reef Assessment and Monitoring Program: Monitoring coral reef ecosystems of the US Pacific Islands and Atolls
NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS CALCIFICATION
NODC Observation Types Thesaurus laboratory analyses
NODC Platform Names Thesaurus HI'IALAKAI
NODC Project Names Thesaurus Coral Reef Conservation Program
NODC Project Names Thesaurus CORAL REEF STUDIES
NODC Project Names Thesaurus Ocean Acidification Program
NODC Project Names Thesaurus Pacific Reef and Assessment Monitoring Program
NODC Submitting Institution Names Thesaurus US DOC; NOAA; NMFS; Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center; Ecosystem Sciences Division; Coral Reef Ecosystem Program
None Calcification Plate
None Coral Reef Ecosystem Division
None Coral Reef Ecosystem Program
None CRED
None CREP
None Ocean Acidification
None Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center
None PIFSC
None RAMP
None Reef Assessment and Monitoring Program
None Settling Plate

Temporal Keywords

Thesaurus Keyword
UNCONTROLLED
None biennial

Spatial Keywords

Thesaurus Keyword
UNCONTROLLED
CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > American Samoa > American Samoa > American Samoa (14S170W0000)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > American Samoa > American Samoa > Ofu Island (14S169W0013)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > American Samoa > American Samoa > Olosega Island (14S169W0014)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > American Samoa > American Samoa > Rose Atoll (14S168W0001)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > American Samoa > American Samoa > Swains Atoll (11S171W0001)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > American Samoa > American Samoa > Ta'u Island (14S169W0012)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > American Samoa > American Samoa > Tutuila Island (14S170W0016)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > American Samoa > Ofu Island > Ofu (14S169W0002)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > American Samoa > Olosega Island > Olosega (14S169W0016)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > USA Minor Outlying Islands > Baker Island (00N176W0001)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > USA Minor Outlying Islands > Howland Island (00S176W0001)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > USA Minor Outlying Islands > Jarvis Island (00S160W0001)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > USA Minor Outlying Islands > Johnston Atoll (16N169W0001)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > USA Minor Outlying Islands > Kingman Reef (06N162W0001)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > USA Minor Outlying Islands > Palmyra Atoll (05N162W0001)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > American Samoa > American Samoa (14S170W0000)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > American Samoa > Rose Atoll (14S168W0001)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > American Samoa > Swains Atoll (11S171W0001)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > American Samoa > Tutuila Island (14S170W0016)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Baker Island > Baker Island (00N176W0001)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Howland Island > Howland Island (00S176W0001)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Johnston Atoll > Johnston Atoll (16N169W0001)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Line Islands > Jarvis Island (00S160W0001)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Line Islands > Kingman Reef (06N162W0001)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Line Islands > Palmyra Atoll (05N162W0001)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Manu'a Group > Ofu (14S169W0002)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Manu'a Group > Ofu Island (14S169W0013)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Manu'a Group > Olosega (14S169W0016)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Manu'a Group > Olosega Island (14S169W0014)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Manu'a Group > Ta'u Island (14S169W0012)
NODC Sea Area Names Thesaurus Equatorial Pacific Ocean
NODC Sea Area Names Thesaurus Pacific Remote Islands Marine National Monument
NODC Sea Area Names Thesaurus Rose Atoll Marine National Monument
NODC Sea Area Names Thesaurus South Pacific Ocean
None Pacific Remote Island Areas
None PRIA

Physical Location

Organization: Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center
City: Honolulu
State/Province: HI
Country: USA

Data Set Information

Data Set Scope Code: Data Set
Data Set Type: CSV Files
Maintenance Frequency: As Needed
Data Presentation Form: Table (digital)
Entity Attribute Overview:

A data dictionary describing each column provided in the data set is included in the NCEI archive package as a comma-separated file. The columns provided in the dataset include the location where the CAUs were deployed (REGION_NAME, ISLAND, SITE, LATITUDE, and LONGITUDE), when they were deployed and recovered and the duration in water (DEPLOYMENT_MISSION, RECOVERY_MISSION, DEPLOYMENT_DATE, RECOVERY_DATE, RECOVERY_YEAR, DAYS_IN_WATER, and YEARS_IN_WATER), information about the CAUs (SERIALNUMBER, CAU_UNIT), and the calculated rate of calcification (CALCIFICATION_RATE_BY_UNIT).

Entity Attribute Detail URL: https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/36074
Distribution Liability:

While every effort has been made to ensure that these data are accurate and reliable within the limits of the current state of the art, NOAA cannot assume liability for any damages caused by errors or omissions in the data, nor as a result of the failure of the data to function on a particular system. NOAA makes no warranty, expressed or implied, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty.

Data Set Credit: PIFSC Coral Reef Ecosystem Program and partners

Support Roles

Data Steward

CC ID: 365361
Date Effective From: 2016
Date Effective To:
Contact (Person): Young, Charles W
Address: 1845 Wasp Blvd.
Honolulu, HI 96818
USA
Email Address: charles.young@noaa.gov
Contact Instructions:

Email preferred

Distributor

CC ID: 258241
Date Effective From: 2015
Date Effective To:
Contact (Person): Beck, Brian
Address: 1315 East-West Highway
Silver Spring, MD 20902
Email Address: brian.beck@noaa.gov
Phone: 301-713-4844
Contact Instructions:

Email preferred

Metadata Contact

CC ID: 218277
Date Effective From: 2010
Date Effective To:
Contact (Person): DesRochers, Annette M
Address: 1845 Wasp Blvd.
Honolulu, HI 96818
USA
Email Address: annette.desrochers@noaa.gov
Phone: (808)725-5461
Business Hours: 8 am - 5 pm
Contact Instructions:

Email preferred

Originator

CC ID: 218279
Date Effective From: 2010
Date Effective To:
Contact (Organization): Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC)
Address: 1845 Wasp Blvd.
Honolulu, HI 96818
USA
Email Address: pifsc.info@noaa.gov
Phone: 808-725-5360
URL: https://www.pifsc.noaa.gov
Business Hours: 8:00 a.m. - 4:30 p.m.

Originator

CC ID: 345171
Date Effective From: 2010
Date Effective To:
Contact (Organization): NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program (CRCP)
Address: 1305 East West Highway 10th Floor
Silver Spring, MD 20910-3281
Phone: (301) 713-3155
URL: https://coralreef.noaa.gov

Point of Contact

CC ID: 218499
Date Effective From: 2015
Date Effective To:
Contact (Person): Oliver, Thomas
Address: 1845 Wasp Blvd.
Honolulu, HI 96818
USA
Email Address: thomas.oliver@noaa.gov
Phone: (808)725-5444
Contact Instructions:

Email preferred

View Historical Support Roles

Extents

Currentness Reference: Ground Condition

Extent Group 1

Extent Description:

American Samoa including Tutuila, Manu'a (Ofo, Olosega, and Ta'u), Rose Atoll, and Swains.

Extent Group 1 / Geographic Area 1

CC ID: 218276
W° Bound: -171.09222
E° Bound: -168.13785
N° Bound: -11.04576
S° Bound: -14.55962

Extent Group 1 / Time Frame 1

CC ID: 218275
Time Frame Type: Range
Start: 2010-02-17
End: 2012-04-26
Alternate Start As Of Info: HA1001
Alternate End As Of Info: HA1201
Description:

Date first CAU was deployed during ASRAMP 2010, and date last CAU was recovered during ASRAMP 2012.

Extent Group 2

Extent Description:

Pacific Remote Island Areas (PRIA) including Baker, Howland, Jarvis, Kingman Reef, and Johnston and Palmyra atolls.

Extent Group 2 / Geographic Area 1

CC ID: 249732
W° Bound: -176.623933
E° Bound: -160.01393
N° Bound: 16.74769314
S° Bound: -0.37611
Description

Phoenix (Baker and Howland) and Line Islands (Jarvis, Kingman, and Palmyra), and Johnston Atoll. These six of the seven PRIA are routinely surveyed as part of the American Samoa RAMP (ASRAMP) missions (Johnston, Baker and Howland during the first leg of ASRAMP, and Jarvis, Kingman, and Palmyra during the last leg of ASRAMP).

Extent Group 2 / Time Frame 1

CC ID: 249733
Time Frame Type: Range
Start: 2010-01-25
End: 2012-05-17
Alternate Start As Of Info: HA1001
Alternate End As Of Info: HA1201
Description:

Date first CAU was deployed during ASRAMP 2010, and date last CAU was recovered during ASRAMP 2012.

Access Information

Security Class: Unclassified
Security Classification System:

Not applicable

Security Handling Description:

Not applicable

Data Access Policy:

Coral Reef Ecosystem Program (CREP) Data Sharing Recommendations, version 9.0 updated August 12, 2015:

CREP welcomes the opportunity to collaborate on research issues contributing to the scientific basis for better management of marine ecosystems. CREP has a very diverse set of field activities that generates large volumes of data using an array of data collection protocols.

The following recommendations are for your consideration as you use this data:

1) Data analyses should take all field exigencies into account. The most effective way to do this would be active collaboration with CREP principal investigators.

2) In all presentations, product releases, or publications using data generated by CREP, proper acknowledgement of both CREP and the individuals responsible for data collection is expected. Citing the DOI (if available) is preferred, a non-DOI example is listed below.

3) If you collect or generate data for the same study areas, CREP requests that you share relevant information on complimentary data collections.

4) Those receiving data are strongly urged to inform the CREP Data Management Team of any errors and discrepancies that are discovered during the course of using these data. They are further urged to bring to the attention of the Team all problems and difficulties encountered in using these data. This information is necessary in order to improve the collections and to facilitate more efficient and economical data processing and retrieval. The users are asked to supply copies of any missing data that may be located, and to provide information as to significant subsets and special aggregations of data that are developed in using the material provided.

Example citation:

"This publication makes use of data products provided by the Coral Reef Ecosystem Program (CREP), Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), with funding support from the NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program (CRCP) and the NOAA Ocean Acidification Program. The analysis and interpretations presented here are solely that of the current authors”

Data Access Procedure:

Data can be accessed online via the NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) Ocean Archive.

Data Access Constraints:

None

Data Use Constraints:

Please cite NOAA Coral Reef Ecosystem Program (CREP) when using the data.

Suggested Citation:

Coral Reef Ecosystem Program; Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (2016). Pacific Reef Assessment and Monitoring Program: Calcification Rates of Crustose Coralline Algae Derived from Calcification Accretion Units (CAUs) Deployed across American Samoa and the Pacific Remote Island Areas in 2010. NOAA's National Center for Environmental Information, https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/26945.

Metadata Access Constraints:

None

Metadata Use Constraints:

None

Distribution Information

Distribution 1

CC ID: 218624
Download URL: https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0137093
Distributor:
File Name: CAU1_Assembly_Deployment_Recovery_CRED_SOP2015.pdf
Description:

NOAA Coral Reef Ecosystem Program (CREP) Calcification Accretion Unit (CAU) Assembly, Deployment, and Recovery Standard Operating Procedure (2015)

File Type (Deprecated): PDF
Distribution Format: PDF - Adobe Portable Document Format
File Size: 786 KB

Distribution 2

CC ID: 218625
Download URL: https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0137093
Distributor:
File Name: CAU2_Sample Processing_CRED_SOP_2015.pdf
Description:

NOAA Coral Reef Ecosystem Program (CREP) Calcification Accretion Unit (CAU) Laboratory Analysis Standard Operating Procedure (2015)

File Type (Deprecated): PDF
Distribution Format: PDF - Adobe Portable Document Format
File Size: 811 KB

Distribution 3

CC ID: 365363
Download URL: https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0137093
Distributor:
File Name: DR-16-007.pdf
Description:

Summary report of baseline surveys and installations conducted in 2015 in the National Marine Sanctuary of American Samoa. This report includes the calcification accretion unit (CAU) methodology.

File Type (Deprecated): PDF
Distribution Format: PDF - Adobe Portable Document Format

Distribution 4

CC ID: 365366
Download URL: https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0137093
Distributor:
File Name: V_CALCIFICATION_RATE_BY_UNIT 2012.csv
Description:

Calcification rate data derived from calcification accretion units (CAUs) deployed and recovered by the NOAA Coral Reef Ecosystem Program at sites across American Samoa and the Pacific Remote Island Areas in 2012.

File Type (Deprecated): csv (comma-separated values)
Distribution Format: CSV - Comma Separated Values (Text)

URLs

URL 1

CC ID: 218281
URL: http://www.pifsc.noaa.gov/cred/ocean_acidification.php
URL Type:
Online Resource
File Resource Format: PHP
Description:

Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Coral Reef Ecosystem Program official website, Ocean Acidification page.

URL 2

CC ID: 218282
URL: http://www.pifsc.noaa.gov/cred/img/calcium_accretion_unit_after_two_years_sm.jpg
URL Type:
Browse Graphic
A CAU two years after deployment.
File Resource Format: JPEG
Description:

A CAU two years after deployment.

URL 3

CC ID: 258245
URL: http://www.coris.noaa.gov/monitoring/
URL Type:
Online Resource
File Resource Format: HTML
Description:

NOAA National Coral Reef Monitoring Program website.

URL 4

CC ID: 258246
URL: http://www.pifsc.noaa.gov/cred/pacific_ramp.php
URL Type:
Online Resource
File Resource Format: PHP
Description:

Official NOAA Coral Reef Ecosystem Program website, Pacific Reef Assessment and Monitoring Program (Pacific RAMP).

URL 5

CC ID: 365362
URL: https://www.pifsc.noaa.gov/library/pubs/DR-16-007.pdf
URL Type:
Online Resource
File Resource Format: PDF
Description:

Summary report of baseline surveys and installations conducted in 2015 in the National Marine Sanctuary of American Samoa. This report includes the calcification accretion unit (CAU) methodology.

Technical Environment

Description:

PIFSC Oracle database view: V_CALCIFICATION_RATE_BY_UNIT

Data Quality

Accuracy:

Prior to processing the calcification accretion unit (CAU) samples, laboratory analysts are trained to properly use relevant lab equipment (analytical balance, vacuum filtration pump, etc.) and are familiarized with the data entry tool/spreadsheet. Laboratory analysts are also required to go through the CAU Processing Standard Operating Procedure and other training materials.

Completeness Measure:

Calcification Accretion Units (CAUs) that have been deployed may not have been recovered due to logistical constraints of the following mission or could not be found when divers returned to the site. This can be quantified by comparing the number of recovered units to the number of units originally deployed (typically, 5 units per site).

Completeness Report:

The calcification rate and ratio of calcified materials to fleshy materials are determined for each Calcification Accretion Unit (CAU) recovered by the NOAA Coral Reef Ecosystem Program (CREP). Scripps Institution of Oceanography (Scripps) staff may conduct additional analyses of specific units to determine functional group coverage and to determine species recruitment rates based on the results of analyzed photos collected during the unit recovery and disassembly process.

Additionally, data from the CAUs processed in 2012 that do not meet the processing criteria set in 2012—that is, if the difference between the final two subsequent dry weights exceeds 0.2 grams, then those data have been omitted from the final dataset described herein.

Conceptual Consistency:

The sampling procedure is based on the protocols developed by Price et al. 2012. While this project followed the same overall protocols, slight modifications were made after the first set of recovered Calcification Accretion Units (CAUs) were processed in 2012. Specifically, the following changes were implemented in 2013: 1) camera settings (adjusted to fit laboratory light conditions), and 2) use of freshwater in lieu of seawater during plate photo-documentation (seawater was not readily available in the new facility). Further, the processing procedures were also modified in 2013 such that the acceptable criteria for samples to be considered completely dry was set to 0.1 grams instead of 0.2 grams—that is, if two subsequent dry weights do not fall within the identified acceptable range (0.1 grams), the drying process will continue until this criteria is met.

Quality Control Procedures Employed:

Prior to processing a batch from each region/jurisdiction, laboratory analysts inventory the recovered Calcification Accretion Units (CAUs) to ensure all units are accounted for and all serial numbers assigned to each unit match field data records. The Data Manager additionally performs quality control checks on the site deployment data and the recovery data for further accuracy. Once all CAUs from the jurisdiction have been processed, the dataset is checked by the analysts to ensure: 1) all CAU plates have been processed, 2) there are no missing cell values, and 3) calculations for net weight of calcified materials are correct. The dataset is then turned over to the Data Manager for further quality control procedures and data ingestion into the NOAA Coral Reef Ecosystem Program's master database.

Data Management

Have Resources for Management of these Data Been Identified?: Yes
Approximate Percentage of Budget for these Data Devoted to Data Management: Unknown
Do these Data Comply with the Data Access Directive?: Yes
Is Access to the Data Limited Based on an Approved Waiver?: No
Approximate Delay Between Data Collection and Dissemination: Unknown
Actual or Planned Long-Term Data Archive Location: NCEI-MD
Approximate Delay Between Data Collection and Archiving: Unknown
How Will the Data Be Protected from Accidental or Malicious Modification or Deletion Prior to Receipt by the Archive?:

NOAA IRC and NOAA Fisheries ITS resources and assets.

Lineage

Lineage Statement:

Assembled calcification accretion units (CAUs) are attached to the benthos using stainless steel threaded rods. There are typically five CAU sites established at each location (island) the NOAA Coral Reef Ecosystem Program (CREP) visits with five CAUs deployed at each site (n=25 per location). Calcareous organisms, primarily crustose coralline algae and encrusting corals, recruit to these CAUs and accrete/calcify carbonate skeletons over 2-3 year deployments. Once recovered from the seafloor, the CAUs are processed to provide estimates of net calcification, percent cover, and vertical accretion rates. CAUs have been deployed and replaced at existing, long-term monitoring sites during Pacific Reef Assessment and Monitoring Program (RAMP) cruises, in accordance with protocols developed by Price et al. 2012.

Sources

NOAA Coral Reef Ecosystem Program (CREP) Calcification Accretion Unit (CAU) Assembly, Deployment, and Recovery Standard Operating Procedure (2015)

CC ID: 218520
Contact Type: Organization
Contact Name: Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, PIFSC
Publish Date: 2015-08-01
Citation URL: http://data.nodc.noaa.gov/coris/data/NOAA/nmfs/pifsc/cred/cau/CAU1_Assembly_Deployment_Recovery_CRED_SOP_2015.pdf

NOAA Coral Reef Ecosystem Program (CREP) Calcification Accretion Unit (CAU) Laboratory Analysis Standard Operating Procedure (2015)

CC ID: 218521
Contact Type: Organization
Contact Name: Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, PIFSC
Publish Date: 2015-09-01
Citation URL: http://data.nodc.noaa.gov/coris/data/NOAA/nmfs/pifsc/cred/cau/CAU2_Sample%20Processing_CRED_SOP_2015.pdf

Price NN, Martz TR, Brainard RE, Smith JE (2012) Diel Variability in Seawater pH Relates to Calcification and Benthic Community Structure on Coral Reefs. PLoS ONE 7(8): e43843. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0043843

CC ID: 218566
Contact Name: Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego
Publish Date: 2012-08-28
Citation URL: http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0043843

Process Steps

Process Step 1

CC ID: 218284
Description:

CALCIFICATION ACCRETION UNIT (CAU) ASSEMBLY, DEPLOYMENT and RECOVERY

CAUs are composed of two 10 x 10 centimeter (cm) flat, square, gray PVC plates, stacked 1 cm apart.

Five CAU units are deployed per site on individual stainless steel stakes driven into the substrate. The units are deployed in a clustered group with the spacing between each unit being 0.5 to 5 meters. CAU sites are situated at an average depth of 15 meters. Units are placed so the CAU plates are ~10 cm above the surface substrate and the top of the CAU plate is parallel to the surface of the water.

CAU units are recovered from the seafloor 2 to 3 years after deployment. Refer to the data files for the individual CAU site to determine the exact deployment time of a specific unit.

Refer to the NOAA Coral Reef Ecosystem Program (CREP) Calcification Accretion Unit (CAU) Assembly, Deployment, and Recovery Standard Operating Procedure (2015) for a detailed description of the protocols.

Process Date/Time: 2015-08-01 00:00:00
Process Contact: Young, Charles W
Email Address: charles.young@noaa.gov
Source: NOAA Coral Reef Ecosystem Program (CREP) Calcification Accretion Unit (CAU) Assembly, Deployment, and Recovery Standard Operating Procedure (2015)

Process Step 2

CC ID: 218513
Description:

CALCIFICATION ACCRETION UNIT (CAU) LABORATORY ANALYSIS

Once CAU units are recovered they are disassembled and each plate is rinsed with saltwater to remove loose sediment, sand and mobile fauna. The plates are photographed and individual images are captured of the Upper Plate, Top Side; Upper Plate, Bottom Side; Lower Plate, Top Side; Lower Plate, Bottom Side. These images are later analyzed to determine benthic composition on each plate surface. If pieces of calcified material fall off during the photographing process, the pieces are retained with the plate for the dissolution process.

After the plates have been photographed they are rinsed with fresh water and placed on a pre-weighed drying plate along with any dislodged pieces, and left to begin drying at room temperature for 24 hours and TO allow excess water to be removed. The drying plate assembly is then placed in the oven to dry at 60 degrees Celsius. If the difference in weights is less than 0.2 grams, the plates are considered dry and no further drying/weighing is required. If the difference in weights is greater than 0.2 grams the drying/reweighing process is repeated for as many 24-hour cycles as needed to obtain a difference of less than 0.2 grams. It should be noted that since the initial sample processing in 2012, the standard weighing protocol has since been improved such that the acceptable weight difference is 0.1 grams.

Once the plates are dry, each plate is placed in 5% Hydrocholoric Acid (HCl) solution to dissolve the calcium carbonate materials. The plate is scraped to remove all materials and rinsed with the 5% HCl solution. The plate is then placed in the oven at 60 degrees Celsius to dry for 24 hours before the dry plate is obtained. Through the entire dissolution process all 5% HCl rinse solution is preserved for later filtering.

The 5% HCl rinse process is repeated on all materials removed from the plate until the dissolution process has stopped and all calcium carbonate material has been removed. The fleshy material and used 5% HCl rinse materials are then separated using a vacuum filtration pump by pouring the solution into a Buchner funnel, mesh layer and pre-weighed filter paper. The filter paper and fleshy material are then dried and weighed to determine the weight of fleshy algae present on each plate. The weight of calcified materials on each plate is determined by difference, where the initial weight of the dried plate (prior to the dissolution process) minus the fleshy material weight equals the weight of carbonate material dissolved. The resulting calcification rates are reported in units of grams/area/time.

Refer to the NOAA Coral Reef Ecosystem Program (CREP) Calcification Accretion Unit (CAU) Laboratory Analysis Standard Operating Procedure (2015) for a detailed description of the protocols.

Process Date/Time: 2015-09-01 00:00:00
Process Contact: Young, Charles W
Email Address: charles.young@noaa.gov
Source: NOAA Coral Reef Ecosystem Program (CREP) Calcification Accretion Unit (CAU) Laboratory Analysis Standard Operating Procedure (2015)

Child Items

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Catalog Details

Catalog Item ID: 26945
GUID: gov.noaa.nmfs.inport:26945
Metadata Record Created By: Annette M DesRochers
Metadata Record Created: 2015-09-10 22:27+0000
Metadata Record Last Modified By: SysAdmin InPortAdmin
Metadata Record Last Modified: 2023-10-17 16:12+0000
Metadata Record Published: 2017-03-23
Owner Org: PIFSC
Metadata Publication Status: Published Externally
Do Not Publish?: N
Metadata Last Review Date: 2017-03-23
Metadata Review Frequency: 1 Year
Metadata Next Review Date: 2018-03-23