Long Island Sound 2016 FISH

This feature class resides within the BIOLOGY Feature Data Set of the Long Island Sound - 2016 ESI Geodatabase. It contains vector polygons representing sensitive biological resource data for fish in Long Island Sound. The study area includes Long Island Sound, tidal tributaries, freshwater streams, lakes, and land areas in New York and Connecticut. Vector polygons in this data set represent fish distributions, spawning and nursery areas, concentration areas, migration areas, anadromous fish runs, and harvest areas.

Species-specific abundance, seasonality, status, life history, and source information are stored in associated data tables (described in Entity Attribute Overview below) designed to be used in conjunction with this spatial data layer. This data set is a portion of the ESI data for Long Island Sound.

As a whole, the ESI data characterize the marine and coastal environments and wildlife by their sensitivity to spilled oil, and include information for three main components: shoreline habitats, sensitive biological resources, and human-use resources.

The ESI data are intended to provide baseline environmental data for oil spill planning and response. The Clean Water Act with amendments by the Oil Pollution Act of 1990 requires response plans for immediate and effective protection of sensitive resources. The ESI data may be appropriate for many other coastal management efforts, though the original intent should be kept in mind.

Developed from MERMAid record number 1555. Converted from Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata (version FGDC-STD-001-1998) using 'fgdc_to_inport_xml.pl' script in April 2017. Contact Tyler Christensen (NOS) for details.

Prepared by NOAA, National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, Silver Spring, Maryland for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Ocean Service, Office of Response and Restoration, Emergency Response Division, Seattle, Washington.

Data content is considered static once published. However, if issues with the Geodatabase linkages or table contents are identified, the Geodatabase and/or the associated Map Document may be updated. Assure most current data is being used by downloading from https://response.restoration.noaa.gov/esi_download and/or comparing modification dates provided at this site.

The primary attribute tables associated with the ESI biology data are BIOFILE, SOURCES, and BREED_DT. The geographic data layer containing biological resource information (in this case, FISH) is linked to the BIOFILE using the RARNUM field. There is a many-to-many relationship from the data layer to the BIOFILE, as an RARNUM may be repeated in several geographic features. Likewise, in the BIOFILE, the same RARNUM may appear in multiple records, representing a unique combination of species found in that region. To be represented by the same RARNUM, these species groups must also share the same seasonality, concentration, mapping qualifier, and source information.

The items in the BIOFILE are ELEMENT, SUBELEMENT, NAME, GEN_SPEC, S, F, STATE, S_DATE, F_DATE, GRANK, GRANKDATE, MAPPING_QUALIFIER, CONC, JAN, FEB, MAR, APR, MAY, JUN, JUL, AUG, SEP, OCT, NOV, DEC, BREED1, BREED2, BREED3, BREED4, BREED5, RARNUM, G_SOURCE, S_SOURCE, and BREED. The G_SOURCE and S_SOURCE fields provide links to the SOURCES table, where object level source information is available. The BREED field is the link to the BREED_DT table, where searchable breed information is provided. The links to both of these tables are also many-to-many.

During the collection of the ESI data, six relational data tables are used to store the attribute data. These are the BIORES, BREED, SEASONAL, SOURCES, SPECIES, and STATUS tables. When we create new ESI data, we populate these tables to maintain the integrity of the data collected. Once completed, all information populating these tables is collapsed into the BIOFILE to ease data queries and general usability of the final product.

A complete description of entity types, attributes, and attribute values for ESI atlases can be found in the NOAA ESI Guidelines. This includes documentation of the six relational tables (mentioned above) used during data collection.

Although these data have been processed and used successfully on a computer system at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), no warranty, expressed or implied, is made by NOAA regarding the utility of the data on any other system, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. NOAA warrants the delivery of this product in computer-readable format. If problems are encountered in downloading the ESI data or with file corruption, contact NOAA (see Distributor). These data represent a snapshot in time and temporal changes may have occurred. The data are not intended to include all biological or human-use resources present in an area; they focus on species and resources particularly sensitive to oiling. In the event of a spill, they should be used for a first assessment only. The data providers are the experts with regard to individual resources. They should be contacted to confirm if more current data exist or if in-depth information is needed about a particular resource.

Data can be accessed by downloading the zipped ArcGIS geodatabase from the Download URL (see Distribution Information). Questions can be directed to the ESI Program Manager (Point Of Contact).

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DO NOT USE MAPS FOR NAVIGATIONAL PURPOSES. Management boundaries are not to be considered legal boundaries. Edges may have been altered for cartographic processes. Note that the ESI database should not be used to the exclusion of other pertinent data or information held by state or federal agencies or other organizations. Likewise, information contained in the database cannot be used in place of consultations with environmental, natural resource, and cultural resource agencies, or in place of field surveys. Recognize that the information contained in the ESI database represents known concentration areas or occurrences of natural, cultural, and human-use resources, but does not necessarily represent the full distribution or range of each species or resource. This is particularly important to recognize when considering potential impacts to protected resources, such as endangered species, wetlands, etc. Besides the above warnings, there are no use constraints on these data. Acknowledgment of the originators, publishers, contributors, and sources listed would be appreciated in products derived from these data.

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The software packages used to develop the atlas are Environmental Systems Research Institute's ArcGIS for Desktop 10.4(R) and SQL SERVER(R) (version 2005). The hardware configuration is PCs with Windows Operating System 7.

A multi-stage error checking process is used to verify both attribute accuracy and logical consistency throughout data production. The process includes a standardized data entry methodology, data review by in-house and external resource experts, a final Quality Assurance/Quality Control (QA/QC) process, and multiple automated logical consistency checks. Quantitative data (such as densities, counts, abundances, or concentrations) provided by resource experts for inclusion in the data set may vary widely in attribute accuracy, depending upon the methodology used to collect and compile such data. For a more detailed evaluation of source data attribute accuracy, check the sources listed in the Lineage section.

These data represent a synthesis of sources of data, e.g., expert knowledge, available hardcopy documents, survey data, maps, and digital data on fish distributions in the Long Island Sound study area. These data do not represent all fish occurrences in Long Island Sound. The following 89 species are included in this data set: (Species_ID, Common Name, Scientific Name or "n/a" if not applicable): 65, Bluefish, Pomatomus saltatrix; 74, Rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss; 81, Spiny dogfish, Squalus acanthias; 84, Rainbow smelt, Osmerus mordax; 85, Alewife, Alosa pseudoharengus; 86, Blueback herring, Alosa aestivalis; 87, American shad, Alosa sapidissima; 88, Winter flounder, Pleuronectes americanus; 89, Cunner, Tautogolabrus adspersus; 91, Threespine stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus; 92, Fourspine stickleback, Apeltes quadracus; 93, Striped killifish, Fundulus majalis; 94, Atlantic silverside, Menidia menidia; 95, Mummichog, Fundulus heteroclitus; 97, Tautog, Tautoga onitis; 98, American eel, Anguilla rostrata; 99, Atlantic tomcod, Microgadus tomcod; 100, Brown trout, Salmo trutta; 101, Shortnose sturgeon, Acipenser brevirostrum; 102, Atlantic sturgeon, Acipenser oxyrinchus; 104, Striped bass, Morone saxatilis; 105, Hickory shad, Alosa mediocris; 108, Summer flounder, Paralichthys dentatus; 110, Black sea bass, Centropristis striata; 113, Bay anchovy, Anchoa mitchilli; 115, Atlantic menhaden, Brevoortia tyrannus; 138, Weakfish, Cynoscion regalis; 145, White perch, Morone americana; 146, Atlantic herring, Clupea harengus; 147, Atlantic mackerel, Scomber scombrus; 148, Silver hake, Merluccius bilinearis; 150, Scup, Stenotomus chrysops; 151, Northern puffer, Sphoeroides maculatus; 152, Yellow perch, Perca flavescens; 153, Northern kingfish, Menticirrhus saxatilis; 154, Pollock, Pollachius virens; 155, Red hake, Urophycis chuss; 156, American sand lance, Ammodytes americanus; 158, Butterfish, Peprilus triacanthus; 159, Banded killifish, Fundulus diaphanus; 160, Windowpane, Scophthalmus aquosus; 162, Common carp, Cyprinus carpio; 163, Gizzard shad, Dorosoma cepedianum; 166, Brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis; 168, Spottail shiner, Notropis hudsonius; 175, White sucker, Catostomus commersoni; 178, Rock bass, Ambloplites rupestris; 179, Largemouth bass, Micropterus salmoides; 180, Smallmouth bass, Micropterus dolomieu; 181, Black crappie, Pomoxis nigromaculatus; 182, Bluegill, Lepomis macrochirus; 185, Northern pike, Esox lucius; 188, Walleye, Stizostedion vitreum vitreum; 201, Channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus; 202, White crappie, Pomoxis annularis; 211, Brown bullhead, Ameiurus nebulosus; 212, Pumpkinseed, Lepomis gibbosus; 218, Bowfin, Amia calva; 271, Inland silverside, Menidia beryllina; 274, Sheepshead minnow, Cyprinodon variegatus; 292, Chain pickerel, Esox niger; 294, Spotted hake, Urophycis regia; 299, Rainwater killifish, Lucania parva; 353, Golden shiner, Notemigonus crysoleucas; 363, Inshore lizardfish, Synodus foetens; 366, Hogchoker, Trinectes maculatus; 374, Naked goby, Gobiosoma bosci; 423, Goldfish, Carassius auratus; 479, Grubby, Myoxocephalus aenaeus; 482, Northern pipefish, Syngnathus fuscus; 483, Northern searobin, Prionotus carolinus; 485, Oyster toadfish, Opsanus tau; 500, Sea lamprey, Petromyzon marinus; 501, Brown trout (sea run), Salmo trutta (sea run); 506, White catfish, Ameiurus catus; 648, Chubsucker, Erimyzon sp.; 885, Atlantic moonfish, Selene setapinnis; 891, Central mudminnow, Umbra limi; 985, Redbreast sunfish, Lepomis auritus; 986, Tessellated darter, Etheostoma olmstedi; 997, American brook lamprey, Lampetra appendix; 998, Bridle shiner, Notropis bifrenatus; 999, Redfin pickerel, Esox americanus americanus; 1089, Little skate, Leucoraja erinacea; 1108, Smooth dogfish, Mustelus canis; 1109, Striped searobin, Prionotus evolans; 1127, Swamp darter, Etheostoma fusiforme; 1128, Banded sunfish, Enneacanthus obesus; 1131, Winter skate, Leucoraja ocellata

A multi-stage error checking process, described in the above Attribute Accuracy Report, is used to verify both attribute accuracy and logical consistency throughout data production. This process includes multiple automated logical consistency checks that test the files for missing or duplicate data, rules for proper coding, GIS topological consistencies, and SQL SERVER(R) to ArcGIS(R) consistencies. A final review is made by the GIS manager, before the final Geodatabase and metadata are created. After the data are delivered to NOAA, they are again subjected to several consistency checks, and processed into the final delivery format.