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Short Citation:
National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, 2024: Benthic Habitats of the Main Hawaiian Islands Prepared by Visual Interpretation from Remote Sensing Imagery Collected by NOAA Year 2000: Molokai, https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/39392.

Item Identification

Title: Benthic Habitats of the Main Hawaiian Islands Prepared by Visual Interpretation from Remote Sensing Imagery Collected by NOAA Year 2000: Molokai
Short Name: molokai_benthic
Status: Completed
Publication Date: 2002-05-24
Abstract:

This project is a cooperative effort among the National Ocean Service, National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment, the University of Hawaii, and Analytical Laboratories of Hawaii, LLC. The goal of the work was to develop coral reef mapping methods and compare benthic habitat maps generated by photointerpreting georeferenced color aerial photography, hyperspectral and IKONOS satellite imagery. Twenty-seven distinct benthic habitat types within eleven zones were mapped directly into a GIS system using visual interpretation of orthorectified aerial photographs and hyperspectral imagery. Benthic features were mapped that covered an area of 790 km^2. In all, 204 km^2 of unconsolidated sediment, 171 km^2 of submerged vegetation, and 415 km^2 of coral reef and colonized hardbottom were mapped.

Purpose:

The National Ocean Service is conducting research to digitally map biotic resources and coordinate a long-term monitoring program that can detect and predict change in U.S. coral reefs, and their associated habitats and biological communities.

Notes:

404

Keywords

Theme Keywords

Thesaurus Keyword
ISO 19115 Topic Category
environment
ISO 19115 Topic Category
oceans
UNCONTROLLED
Geospatial Platform OceanCommunity
None AURORA hyperspectral imagery
None color aerial photography
None coral reef
None coralline algae
None environmental monitoring
None habitat
None oceans
None reef
None submerged aquatic vegetation
None unconsolidated sediments
None zone

Spatial Keywords

Thesaurus Keyword
UNCONTROLLED
None Hawaii
None Molokai
None U.S. Exclusive Economic Zone
None United States

Physical Location

Organization: National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science
City: Silver Spring
State/Province: MD

Data Set Information

Data Set Scope Code: Data Set
Maintenance Frequency: None Planned
Data Presentation Form: map
Distribution Liability:

The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS) produced this data CD-ROM. NCCOS Biogeography Program does not guarantee the accuracy of the geographic features or attributes. Please see the metadata records for each data set for complete information on the source, limitations, and proper use.

Support Roles

Data Steward

CC ID: 468468
Date Effective From: 2002-05-24
Date Effective To:
Contact (Position): NCCOS Scientific Data Coordinator
Email Address: NCCOS.data@noaa.gov

Distributor

CC ID: 468470
Date Effective From: 2002-05-24
Date Effective To:
Contact (Position): NCCOS Scientific Data Coordinator
Email Address: NCCOS.data@noaa.gov

Metadata Contact

CC ID: 468471
Date Effective From: 2002-05-24
Date Effective To:
Contact (Position): NCCOS Scientific Data Coordinator
Email Address: NCCOS.data@noaa.gov

Point of Contact

CC ID: 468469
Date Effective From: 2002-05-24
Date Effective To:
Contact (Position): NCCOS Scientific Data Coordinator
Email Address: NCCOS.data@noaa.gov

Principal Investigator

CC ID: 468472
Date Effective From: 2002-05-24
Date Effective To:
Contact (Person): Battista, Tim
Email Address: tim.battista@noaa.gov

Extents

Currentness Reference: Ground Condition

Extent Group 1

Extent Group 1 / Geographic Area 1

CC ID: 468475
W° Bound: -157.3263
E° Bound: -156.682
N° Bound: 21.2129
S° Bound: 20.9929

Extent Group 1 / Time Frame 1

CC ID: 468474
Time Frame Type: Range
Start: 2001
End: 2002

Access Information

Security Class: Unclassified
Data Access Constraints:

None

Data Use Constraints:

Not for navigation

Distribution Information

Distribution 1

CC ID: 468476
Download URL: http://coastalscience.noaa.gov/datasets/ccma/biogeo/hawaii/shapes/molokai.zip
Distributor:
Description:

Downloadable Data

File Type (Deprecated): ArcView Shapefile
Distribution Format: Shapefile

URLs

URL 1

CC ID: 468465
URL: http://coastalscience.noaa.gov/datasets/ccma/biogeo/hawaii/shapes/molokai.zip
URL Type:
Online Resource

URL 2

CC ID: 468466
URL: http://ccma.nos.noaa.gov/products/biogeography/hawaii_cd/data/
URL Type:
Online Resource

Activity Log

Activity Log 1

CC ID: 468496
Activity Date/Time: 2013-10-23
Description:

Date that the source FGDC record was last modified.

Activity Log 2

CC ID: 468495
Activity Date/Time: 2017-04-05
Description:

Converted from FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata (version FGDC-STD-001-1998) using 'fgdc_to_inport_xml.pl' script. Contact Tyler Christensen (NOS) for details.

Activity Log 3

CC ID: 601156
Activity Date/Time: 2017-11-01
Description:

Replaced entire Lineage section to populate new Source Contribution field.

Activity Log 4

CC ID: 716674
Activity Date/Time: 2018-02-08
Description:

Partial upload of Positional Accuracy fields only.

Technical Environment

Description:

Microsoft Windows 2000 Version 5.0 (Build 2195) Service Pack 3; ESRI ArcCatalog 8.2.0.700

Data Quality

Accuracy:

The purpose of this study was to determine the relative accuracy of maps generated from the photointerpretation of three sources of remotely sensed imagery. Four test areas were identified based on the diversity of the habitat types and to ensure that all benthic habitat types throughout the Hawaiian Islands were represented. A random stratified sampling method was implemented to select field sites to test the map accuracy. Each site was navigated to using a Trimble Geo Explorer 3 GPS data logger, and positional data was acquired. The three types of imagery were acquired during different days with different weather conditions. The habitat type for the portions of the test area that were not interpretable due to cloud cover, glint or water quality were classified as unknown. The accuracy assessment points that fell within polygons with the habitat type of unknown were not included in the accuracy analysis. As a result, the total number of accuracy assessment points varies between the imagery types within a single area. Two statistical analyses (Kappa and Tau test and the Z score) were performed. The Kappa and Tau statistic for the major habitat types showed that the percent overall accuracy of photointerpretation of color aerial photography, IKONOS satellite and hyperspectral imagery is 90.7%, 86.5% and 89% respectively. The Z score showed that at the 90% confidence level there was no significant difference between data gathered from the three imagery sources. At the 95% confidence level there is a significant difference in the quality between aerial photographs and IKONOS satellite imagery. The accuracy assessments tests showed that the ability to generate benthic habitat maps with an overall accuracy of 90% at the 95% confidence interval is reaching a threshold using imagery with three meter pixel size allowing for spectral enhancement of the imagery with reduced resolution.

Horizontal Positional Accuracy:

RMS from digitized output was determined using the ESRI RMEer2 extension and shown to be less than 1m when conducted at 1:6000 scale.

Completeness Report:

NOAA supplied georeferenced imagery to Analytical Laboratories of Hawaii. Delineation of all habitat boundaries was conducted with the image scale at 1:6,000. This ensures that the level of detail produced by the photointerpreter is uniform throughout the project. Also, NOAA has shown from similar mapping efforts in the Caribbean and Florida Keys, that little additional information is gained from having the image at a smaller scale and the labor intensity increased significantly. The minimum mapping unit (MMU) for identifying habitats or features was 1 acre for visual photointerpretation. The software utilized in this project was designed to alert the photointerpreter each time a polygon was drawn smaller than the MMU. When this occurred the photointerpreter has the choice whether to include the polygon in the data set.

Conceptual Consistency:

All three types of remotely sensed imagery were processed by NOS prior to map production. Individual color aerial photographs were georeferenced and mosaicked. The hyperspectral data composed of 72 ten nm wide bands were subsetted to three band composites that enhanced deep and shallow water features. IKONOS satellite imagery was corrected for atmospheric and water column effects. During the digitizing process, image stretches and manipulating image contrast, brightness and color balance were performed in the ArcView Image Analysis Extension to enhance features in the processed imagery.GIS topologic quality was established by executing ArcView extension routines that check for: overlapping polygons, multipart polygons, sliver polygons and void polygons. Additionally checks for adjacent polygons with the same habitat attributes were completed. All errors were identified and corrected. This file is believed to be logically consistent.

Lineage

Sources

AURORA Hyperspectral Imagery

CC ID: 601160
Contact Name: Advanced Power Technologies Inc.
Publish Date: 2000-01-01
Extent Type: Discrete
Extent Start Date/Time: 2000
Source Contribution:

Used to identify and digitize benthic habitats for the eight main Hawaiian Islands. | Source Geospatial Form: remote-sensing image | Type of Source Media: CD-ROM

Classification Scheme for Benthic Habitats: Main Eight Hawaiian Islands

CC ID: 601157
Contact Name: M.S. Coyne
Publish Date: 2002-01-01
Extent Type: Discrete
Extent Start Date/Time: 2002
Citation URL: http://www.geoeye.com
Source Contribution:

This document identified the zone and habitat types attributed in the data set | Source Geospatial Form: document | Type of Source Media: Report

Color Aerial Photography

CC ID: 601159
Contact Name: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Ocean Service (NOS), National Geodetic Survey (NGS)
Publish Date: 2000-01-01
Extent Type: Discrete
Extent Start Date/Time: 2000
Scale Denominator: 24000
Citation URL: http://www8.nos.noaa.gov/biogeo_public/aerial/search.aspx
Source Contribution:

Used to identify and digitize benthic habitats for the eight main Hawaiian Islands. | Source Geospatial Form: remote-sensing image | Type of Source Media: CD-ROM

Coral Reef Digitizing Extension

CC ID: 601158
Contact Name: Ken Buja
Publish Date: 2002-01-01
Extent Type: Discrete
Extent Start Date/Time: 2002
Citation URL: http://ccma.nos.noaa.gov/products/biogeography/digitizer/
Source Contribution:

This ArcView extension was used to digitize and attribute benthic zones and habitats for the eight main Hawaiian Islands. | Type of Source Media: computer program

IKONOS Satellite Imagery

CC ID: 601161
Contact Name: Space Imaging Inc.
Publish Date: 2000-01-01
Extent Type: Discrete
Extent Start Date/Time: 2000
Citation URL: http://www.geoeye.com
Source Contribution:

Used to identify and digitize benthic habitats for the eight main Hawaiian Islands. | Source Geospatial Form: remote-sensing image | Type of Source Media: CD-ROM

Process Steps

Process Step 1

CC ID: 601162
Description:

Benthic habitat maps were digitized by delineating habitat boundaries from georeferenced imagery loaded into ArcView 3.2 GIS software with the Image Analysis and NOAA Coral Reef Habitat Digitizing extensions both activated. Digitizing was conducted using heads-up computer screen methods with the minimum mapping unit (MMU) set to 1 acre and the image scale at 1:6,000. All three types of remotely sensed imagery were processed by NOS prior to map production. Individual color aerial photographs were georeferenced and mosaicked. The hyperspectral data composed of 72 ten nm wide bands were subsetted to three band composites that enhanced deep and shallow water features. IKONOS satellite imagery was corrected for atmospheric and water column effects. During the digitizing process, image stretched and manipulating image contrast, brightness and color balance were performed in the ArcView Image Analysis Extension to enhance features in the processed imagery. A first draft map was completed and features in the imagery where uncertainties existed, due to confusing or difficult to interpret signatures, were identified for future ground validation effort. An ArcView GIS point theme was generated with points positioned on the features of uncertain habitat type or along transects though gradients between habitat types. The GIS points were converted to GPS waypoints using Trimble Pathfinder Software and were navigated to in the field using a Trimble GeoExplorer 3 GPS data logger. A benthic habitat characterization was conducted at each site by snorkeling, free diving, or via observations from the surface where water depth and clarity permitted. GPS data were collected at each location and site ID, depth, habitat type, zone and the method used to make the assessment were recorded. The ground validation data were incorporated into the second draft of each map.

Process Date/Time: 2001-10-10 00:00:00

Child Items

Rubric scores updated every 15m

Rubric Score Type Title
Entity Molokai.dbf

Catalog Details

Catalog Item ID: 39392
GUID: gov.noaa.nmfs.inport:39392
Metadata Record Created By: Tyler Christensen
Metadata Record Created: 2017-04-05 12:52+0000
Metadata Record Last Modified By: SysAdmin InPortAdmin
Metadata Record Last Modified: 2023-10-17 16:12+0000
Metadata Record Published: 2018-02-08
Owner Org: NCCOS
Metadata Publication Status: Published Externally
Do Not Publish?: N
Metadata Last Review Date: 2018-02-08
Metadata Review Frequency: 1 Year
Metadata Next Review Date: 2019-02-08