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Catalog Details

Summary

Short Citation
National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, 2024: NOAA Geotiff - 5 meter LiDAR Reflectivity, U.S. Caribbean - Puerto Rico (southwest) - Projects OPR-I305-KRL-06, (2006), UTM 19N NAD83, https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/39468.
Full Citation Examples

Abstract

This image represents a LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) intensity mosaic (mean 5 meter gridded) from the shoreline of southwestern Puerto Rico to about 50 meters in depth. Reflectivity was calculated for each sounding as the ratio of returned energy to transmitted energy, normalized for losses in a single wavelength (green/blue 532nm). The numerical values for the relative reflectivity are scaled logarithmically to an 8-bit integer range 0 - 255The Tenix LADS Corporation (TLI) acquired bathymetric LIDAR for NOAA from 4/07/2006 to 5/15/2006. Data was acquired with a LADS (Laser Airborne Depth Sounder) Mk II Airborne System from altitudes between 1,200 and 2,200ft at ground speeds between 140 and 175 knots. The 900 Hertz Nd: YAG (neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet) laser (1064 nm) acquired 4x4 meter spot spacing and 200% seabed coverage. In total, 265 square nautical miles of LiDAR were collected between -50 m (topographic) and up to 70 m (depth), requiring a total of 102 flight hours (134 hours, including flight time to and from San Juan airport). Environmental factors such as wind strength and direction, cloud cover, and water clarity influenced the area of data acquisition on a daily basis. The data was processed using the LADS Mk II Ground System and data visualization, quality control and final products were created using CARIS HIPS and SIPS 6.1 and CARIS BASE Editor 2.1 The project was conducted to meet the IHO (International Hydrograph Organization) Order 1 accuracy standards, dependant on the project area and depth. All users should individually evaluate the suitability of this data according to their own needs and standards.

Distribution Information

Access Constraints:

Please cite any use of this data.

Use Constraints:

These data were prepared by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, make any warranty, expressed or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed in this report, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference therein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. Any views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof. Although all data have been used by NOAA, no warranty, expressed or implied, is made by NOAA as to the accuracy of the data and/or related materials. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by NOAA in the use of these data or related materials.

Controlled Theme Keywords

elevation, environment, geoscientificInformation, imageryBaseMapsEarthCover, oceans

Child Items

Type Title
Entity ObjectID

Contact Information

Point of Contact
NCCOS Scientific Data Coordinator
NCCOS.data@noaa.gov

Metadata Contact
NCCOS Scientific Data Coordinator
NCCOS.data@noaa.gov

Extents

Geographic Area 1

-67.439646° W, -66.93887° E, 18.19272° N, 17.857964° S

Time Frame 1
2006-04-07 - 2006-05-15

Item Identification

Title: NOAA Geotiff - 5 meter LiDAR Reflectivity, U.S. Caribbean - Puerto Rico (southwest) - Projects OPR-I305-KRL-06, (2006), UTM 19N NAD83
Short Name: reflectance_metadata
Status: Completed
Publication Date: 2007-11
Abstract:

This image represents a LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) intensity mosaic (mean 5 meter gridded) from the shoreline of southwestern Puerto Rico to about 50 meters in depth. Reflectivity was calculated for each sounding as the ratio of returned energy to transmitted energy, normalized for losses in a single wavelength (green/blue 532nm). The numerical values for the relative reflectivity are scaled logarithmically to an 8-bit integer range 0 - 255The Tenix LADS Corporation (TLI) acquired bathymetric LIDAR for NOAA from 4/07/2006 to 5/15/2006. Data was acquired with a LADS (Laser Airborne Depth Sounder) Mk II Airborne System from altitudes between 1,200 and 2,200ft at ground speeds between 140 and 175 knots. The 900 Hertz Nd: YAG (neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet) laser (1064 nm) acquired 4x4 meter spot spacing and 200% seabed coverage. In total, 265 square nautical miles of LiDAR were collected between -50 m (topographic) and up to 70 m (depth), requiring a total of 102 flight hours (134 hours, including flight time to and from San Juan airport). Environmental factors such as wind strength and direction, cloud cover, and water clarity influenced the area of data acquisition on a daily basis. The data was processed using the LADS Mk II Ground System and data visualization, quality control and final products were created using CARIS HIPS and SIPS 6.1 and CARIS BASE Editor 2.1 The project was conducted to meet the IHO (International Hydrograph Organization) Order 1 accuracy standards, dependant on the project area and depth. All users should individually evaluate the suitability of this data according to their own needs and standards.

Purpose:

The purpose of this survey was two fold: 1) to provide NOAA with modern, accurate hydrographic survey data with which to update the nautical charts of the assigned area; and 2) to provide NOAA with relative reflectivity data from the seabed for the southwest of Puerto Rico.

Notes:

886

Supplemental Information:

During April/May 2006 under contract to the National Ocean Service, TLI collected airborne LiDAR bathymetry under Contract Number DG133C-03-CQ-0011, Task Order T0008 and Project Number OPR-I305-KRL-06 and it is from this data that the relative reflectivity was derived.

Keywords

Theme Keywords

Thesaurus Keyword
ISO 19115 Topic Category
elevation
ISO 19115 Topic Category
environment
ISO 19115 Topic Category
geoscientificInformation
ISO 19115 Topic Category
imageryBaseMapsEarthCover
ISO 19115 Topic Category
oceans
UNCONTROLLED
CoRIS Discovery Thesaurus Geographic Information > Bathymetry > Backscatter
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Aquatic Habitat > Reef Habitat > Description
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Bathymetry/Seafloor Topography > Bathymetry > Backscatter
None Backscatter
None Bathymetry
None Benthic
None Biogeography
None Coral
None GIS
None Habitat
None Integrated Ocean and Coastal Mapping
None Intensity
None IOCM
None LADS Mk II
None LiDAR
None Light
None Mosaic
None NOAA
None OPR-I305-KRL-06
None Puerto Rico
None Raster
None Reef
None Reflectivity
None Seafloor
None U.S. Caribbean

Temporal Keywords

Thesaurus Keyword
UNCONTROLLED
None 2006

Spatial Keywords

Thesaurus Keyword
UNCONTROLLED
Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Puerto Rico > Mayaguez (18N067W0010)
Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Atlantic Ocean > Caribbean Sea /North Atlantic Ocean > Puerto Rico > Mayaguez (18N067W00010)
None Southwestern Puerto Rico

Physical Location

Organization: National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science
City: Silver Spring
State/Province: MD

Data Set Information

Data Set Scope Code: Data Set
Maintenance Frequency: As Needed
Data Presentation Form: remote-sensing image
Distribution Liability:

These data were prepared by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, make any warranty, expressed or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed in this report, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference therein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. Any views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof. Although all data have been used by NOAA, no warranty, expressed or implied, is made by NOAA as to the accuracy of the data and/or related materials. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by NOAA in the use of these data or related materials.

Data Set Credit: Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Ocean Service (NOS)

Support Roles

Data Steward

CC ID: 471479
Date Effective From: 2007-11
Date Effective To:
Contact (Position): NCCOS Scientific Data Coordinator
Email Address: NCCOS.data@noaa.gov

Distributor

CC ID: 471481
Date Effective From: 2007-11
Date Effective To:
Contact (Position): NCCOS Scientific Data Coordinator
Email Address: NCCOS.data@noaa.gov

Metadata Contact

CC ID: 471482
Date Effective From: 2007-11
Date Effective To:
Contact (Position): NCCOS Scientific Data Coordinator
Email Address: NCCOS.data@noaa.gov

Point of Contact

CC ID: 471480
Date Effective From: 2007-11
Date Effective To:
Contact (Position): NCCOS Scientific Data Coordinator
Email Address: NCCOS.data@noaa.gov

Principal Investigator

CC ID: 471483
Date Effective From: 2007-11
Date Effective To:
Contact (Person): Battista, Tim
Email Address: tim.battista@noaa.gov

Extents

Currentness Reference: Ground Condition

Extent Group 1

Extent Group 1 / Geographic Area 1

CC ID: 471486
W° Bound: -67.439646
E° Bound: -66.93887
N° Bound: 18.19272
S° Bound: 17.857964

Extent Group 1 / Time Frame 1

CC ID: 471485
Time Frame Type: Range
Start: 2006-04-07
End: 2006-05-15

Spatial Information

Spatial Representation

Representations Used

Grid: Yes

Grid Representation 1

CC ID: 585750
Dimension Count: 3
Cell Geometry: Point
Transformation Parameters Available?: No

Axis Dimension 1

Dimension Type: Row
Size: 7308

Axis Dimension 2

Dimension Type: Column
Size: 10535

Axis Dimension 3

Dimension Type: Vertical
Size: 1

Access Information

Security Class: Unclassified
Data Access Constraints:

Please cite any use of this data.

Data Use Constraints:

These data were prepared by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, make any warranty, expressed or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed in this report, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference therein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. Any views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof. Although all data have been used by NOAA, no warranty, expressed or implied, is made by NOAA as to the accuracy of the data and/or related materials. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by NOAA in the use of these data or related materials.

Distribution Information

Distribution 1

CC ID: 471487
Download URL: http://coastalscience.noaa.gov/datasets/ccma/biogeo/lidar_pr/Reflectivity.zip
Distributor:
Description:

Downloadable Data

File Type (Deprecated): TIFF
Distribution Format: TIFF
File Size: 241

URLs

URL 1

CC ID: 471476
URL: http://coastalscience.noaa.gov/datasets/ccma/biogeo/lidar_pr/Reflectivity.zip
URL Type:
Online Resource

URL 2

CC ID: 471477
URL: http://ccma.nos.noaa.gov/products/biogeography/lidar_pr/
URL Type:
Online Resource

Activity Log

Activity Log 1

CC ID: 471531
Activity Date/Time: 2014-08-12
Description:

Date that the source FGDC record was last modified.

Activity Log 2

CC ID: 471530
Activity Date/Time: 2017-04-05
Description:

Converted from FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata (version FGDC-STD-001-1998) using 'fgdc_to_inport_xml.pl' script. Contact Tyler Christensen (NOS) for details.

Activity Log 3

CC ID: 585748
Activity Date/Time: 2017-09-13
Description:

Partial upload of Spatial Info section only.

Activity Log 4

CC ID: 601340
Activity Date/Time: 2017-11-01
Description:

Replaced entire Lineage section to populate new Source Contribution field.

Activity Log 5

CC ID: 716722
Activity Date/Time: 2018-02-08
Description:

Partial upload of Positional Accuracy fields only.

Technical Environment

Description:

Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 2; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.2.2.1350

Data Quality

Horizontal Positional Accuracy:

See Data Acquisition and Processing Report (DAPR) and Vertical and Horizontal Control Report for OPR-I305-KRL-06.

Vertical Positional Accuracy:

See Data Acquisition and Processing Report (DAPR) and Vertical and Horizontal Control Report for OPR-I305-KRL-06.

Completeness Report:

The survey area was sounded at 4x4m laser spot spacing with main lines of sounding spaced at 80m, which provided the required 200% coverage. It should be noted that at 4x4m laser spot spacing, there is a gap of 1 to 1.5m between the illuminated areas of adjacent soundings at the sea surface. There is a possibility that small objects in shallow water along the coastline may fall between consecutive 4x4m soundings and not be detected. There are also some gaps in the data due to turbidity and very shallow water, as well as an intermittent laser problem on the last survey sortie. This has resulted in some along track and cross track anomalies and at the time this satisfied the requirement of the survey. If it were known that these laser dropout areas would affect the quality of the reflectivity data then the lines would have been reflown.

Conceptual Consistency:

While the project was conducted to meet IHO Order 1 accuracy standards, dependant on project area and depth, all users should independently analyze the dataset according to their own needs and standards to determine data usability.

Lineage

Sources

OPR-I305-KRL-06 LiDAR Data

CC ID: 601341
Contact Name: Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Ocean Service (NOS)
Extent Type: Range
Extent Start Date/Time: 2006-04-07
Extent End Date/Time: 2006-05-15
Source Contribution:

Original full resolution dataset. | Source Geospatial Form: vector digital data | Type of Source Media: external hard drive

unknown source reflectivity product

CC ID: 601342
Contact Name: TLI
Publish Date: 2007-11-19
Extent Type: Range
Extent Start Date/Time: 2006-04-07
Extent End Date/Time: 2006-05-15
Source Contribution:

unknown source reflectivity product | Type of Source Media: external hard drive

Process Steps

Process Step 1

CC ID: 601343
Description:

Data Acquisition:For this project (OPR-I305-KRL-06), the Chief of Party was TLI's Darren Stephenson and Hydrographer was TLI's Mark Sinclair. Data was collected between 4/7/2006 and 5/15/2006 using the LADS Mk II Airborne System. The LADS Mk II Airborne System (AS) consists of a Dash 8-200 series aircraft, which has a transit speed of 250 knots at altitudes of up to 25,000ft and an endurance of up to eight hours. Survey operations are conducted from heights between 1,200 and 2,200ft at ground speeds between 140 and 175 knots. The aircraft was fitted with an Nd: YAG laser, which operates at 900 Hertz from a stabilized platform to provide a number of different spot spacings. The survey area was sounded at 4x4m laser spot spacing with main lines of sounding spaced at 80m, which provided the required 200% coverage.Green laser pulses are scanned beneath the aircraft in a rectilinear pattern. The pulses are reflected from the land, sea surface, within the water column and from the seabed. The height of the aircraft is determined by the infrared laser return, which is supplemented by the inertial height from the Attitude and Heading Reference System and GPS height. Real-time positioning is obtained by an Ashtech GG24 GPS receiver combined with Wide Area DGPS (Differential Global Positioning System) provided by the Fugro Omnistar to provide a differentially corrected position. Ashtech Z12 GPS receivers are also provided as part of the Airborne System and Ground Systems to log KGPS (Kinetic Global Positioning System) data on the aircraft and at a locally established GPS (Global Positioning System) base station. For more details on the airborne system, refer to the DAPR (Data Acquisition and Processing Report).

Process Date/Time: 2006-01-01 00:00:00
Source: OPR-I305-KRL-06 LiDAR Data

Process Step 2

CC ID: 601344
Description:

Data Processing:The data was processed using the LADS Mk II Ground System. It consists of a portable Compaq Alpha ES40 Series 3 processor server with 1 GB EEC RAM, 764 GB disk space, digital linear tape (DLT) drives and magazines, digital audio tape (DAT) drive, CD ROM drive and is networked to up to 12 Compaq 1.5 GHz PCs and a HP 800ps Design Jet Plotter, printers and QC workstations. The GS supports survey planning, data processing, quality control and data export. The GS component also includes a KGPS base station, which provides independent post-processed position and height data. The LADS ground system includes a reflectivity algorithm in which reflectivity is calculated for each sounding as the ratio of returned energy to transmitted energy, normalized for losses. A comprehensive description of the GS is provided in the Data Acquisition and Processing Report delivered for project number OPR-I305-KRL-06.The reflectance XYZ data was imported into CARIS HIPS and SIPS as Singlebeam data. The reflectance data was treated much the same as ordinary XYZ data (XY horizontal position and Z as reflectance value). The procedure used is as follows:- Modified XYZ file to add timestamp by using the CARIS XYZ File Manipulator utility- Created an import script using the CARIS Generic Data Parser- Imported modified XYZ file into CARIS HIPS and SIPS- Computed Total Propagated Error (TPE) using zero values- Applied tide corrections using a zero value file- Merged TPE and tide correction with data- Created fieldsheet to compute BASE surface of reflectance dataThe XYZ had to be modified to add timestamp to each data point. The XYZ file was divided into smaller files containing a maximum of 1,000,000 points per file. Each modified XYZ file was imported using the CARIS Generic Data Parser, creating an import script to recognize each field attribute. Two scripts were created to import timestamps 1000000 to 9999999 and the other 10000000 to 138000000. Once each XYZ file was imported into CARIS a generic zero tide value was applied to each modified XYZ file followed by a zero TPE value computation. The TPE and tide calculations were then merged with the reflectance data. A single fieldsheet was then created to incorporate six 'mean' BASE surfaces, gridded at a 5m resolution, which covered the entire survey area. Using CARIS BASE Editor, these six BASE surfaces were combined into one surface to produce a final 'mean' reflectance BASE surface. The necessity to divide the area into six initially was purely due to processing limitations. Also, the grid resolution does not change relative to depth, as the laser pulse footprint stays relatively constant regardless of depth and the laser spot spacing is consistent irrespective of aircraft altitude. The 5m grid provides the largest amount of detail that can be supported by the LiDAR data density.

Process Date/Time: 2006-01-01 00:00:00

Process Step 3

CC ID: 601345
Description:

Quality Control and Product Creation:CARIS HIPS and SIPS 6.1 and CARIS BASE Editor 2.1 were used for data visualization, quality control and final product creation.Data Gaps - The survey area was sounded at 4x4m laser spot spacing with main lines of sounding spaced at 80m, which provided the required 200% coverage. It should be noted that at 4x4m laser spot spacing, there is a gap of 1 to 1.5m between the illuminated areas of adjacent soundings at the sea surface. There is a possibility that small objects in shallow water along the coastline may fall between consecutive 4x4m soundings and not be detected. There are also some gaps in the data due to turbidity and very shallow water, as well as an intermittent laser problem on the last survey sortie. This has resulted in some along track and cross track anomalies and at the time this satisfied the requirement of the survey. If it were known that these laser dropout areas would affect the quality of the reflectivity data then the lines would have been reflown.Position Checks - Two independent positioning systems were used during the survey. Real-time positions were aided by WADGPS (Wide Area Differential Global Positioning System). A post-processed KGPS position was also determined relative to a local GPS base station that was established on the rooftop of the Courtyard Marriott Hotel in San Juan. The post-processed KGPS position solutions were applied to each sounding during post-processing and the height used in the datum filter.Horizontal Control - Data collection and processing were conducted on the Airborne and Ground Systems in World Geodetic System (WGS84) on Universal Transverse Mercator (Northern Hemisphere) projection UTM (N) in Zone 19, Central Meridian 69 W. All units are in meters. This data was post-processed and all soundings are relative to the North American Datum 1983 (NAD83). For more details, please see the Vertical and Horizontal Control Report.Water Clarity - The water clarity in the survey area was ideal for laser bathymetry as the water was very clear. Coverage was obtained for the majority of the survey area. The only area where coverage was not achieved was due to turbidity or very shallow water. Water depths to 50m were achieved at the extent of the predominant reef structure in SW Puerto Rico. The majority of the survey area is less than 20m deep. There are a number of areas throughout the survey area where no depths were achieved due to turbidity or very shallow water. The water clarity in some areas did vary on a daily basis, which required careful management. Additional survey lines were planned and flown to minimize the data gaps due to turbidity. Significant variations, temporally or spatially in turbidity may impact the reflectivity algorithm.

Process Date/Time: 2006-01-01 00:00:00

Process Step 4

CC ID: 601346
Description:

The final images were reprojected from Transverse Mercator to NAD 1983 UTM Zone 19N using ArcGIS. Small holidays (i.e., missing data values) were filled using a nearest neighbor interpolation technique.

Process Date/Time: 2007-12-01 00:00:00

Child Items

Rubric scores updated every 15m

Rubric Score Type Title
Entity ObjectID

Catalog Details

Catalog Item ID: 39468
GUID: gov.noaa.nmfs.inport:39468
Metadata Record Created By: Tyler Christensen
Metadata Record Created: 2017-04-05 12:52+0000
Metadata Record Last Modified By: SysAdmin InPortAdmin
Metadata Record Last Modified: 2023-10-17 16:12+0000
Metadata Record Published: 2018-02-08
Owner Org: NCCOS
Metadata Publication Status: Published Externally
Do Not Publish?: N
Metadata Last Review Date: 2018-02-08
Metadata Review Frequency: 1 Year
Metadata Next Review Date: 2019-02-08