Benthic images collected at coral reef sites in Timor-Leste from 2012-2014
Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center
Data Set
(DS)
| ID: 46160
| Published / External
Created: 2017-06-02
|
Last Modified: 2024-10-03
Project (PRJ) | ID: 27416
ID: 46160
Data Set (DS)
* Discovery• First Pass
» Metadata Rubric
Item Identification
* » Title | Benthic images collected at coral reef sites in Timor-Leste from 2012-2014 |
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Short Name | Timor: Benthic Images 2012-2014 |
* Status | Completed |
Creation Date | |
Revision Date | |
• Publication Date | 2017 |
* » Abstract |
Photographs of the seafloor were collected during benthic photo-quadrat surveys conducted by the NOAA Coral Reef Ecosystem Program (CREP) in hard bottom shallow water (< 15 m) habitats in Timor-Leste. Photographs were collected along transects at fixed climate survey sites in October 2012 and September-October 2014 (10 sites and 8 sites, respectively), and during reef fish surveys surveys at 150 sites that were selected using a stratified random sampling design in June 2013. Climate sites were established by CREP to establish ecological baselines for climate change by measuring multiple features of the coral reef environment (in addition to the data described herein) over time. The reef fish surveys were conducted to generate baseline data on the nearshore coral reef fish assemblages and associated benthic communities around Timor-Leste's north coast and Atauro Island. The photographs can be accessed online via the NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) Ocean Archive. The imagery from 2013 and 2014 has been quantitatively analyzed using image analysis software to derive an estimate of percent benthic cover. The benthic cover data, and the associated reef fish survey data and parameters measured to establish ecological baselines for climate change are documented separately. |
* Purpose |
In 2011, NOAA and the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) Timor-Leste Mission formed a 5-year bi-lateral partnership agreement from 2012 to 2016, in support of the Government of Timor-Leste—particularly the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries (MAF)—by addressing significant information gaps in their nearshore marine ecosystems. Specifically, MAF asked NOAA to address the following questions: 1. Where are the nearshore marine resources? 2. What are the nearshore marine resources? 3. How are they changing over time and what threats are potentially causing these changes? 4. What approaches are needed to manage and conserve the nearshore marine resources? With financial support from USAID and in-kind support from the NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program (CRCP), the NOAA Coral Reef Ecosystem Program (NOAA-CREP) conducted baseline ecosystem assessment surveys to inform ecosystem-based management planning in Timor-Leste. The primary activities conducted by NOAA to answer these questions included: 1. satellite mapping of nearshore habitats, 2. conducting coral reef ecosystem assessments, 3. establishing ecological baselines for climate change, and 4. building management capacity by developing a spatial data framework The benthic images described herein resulted from the second and third activities to conduct coral reef ecosystem assessments (2013) and establish ecological baselines for climate change (2012 and 2014). |
Notes | |
Other Citation Details |
Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center. 2017. Interdisciplinary baseline ecosystem assessment surveys to inform ecosystem-based management planning in Timor-Leste: Final Report. Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, PIFSC Special Publication, SP-17-002, 234 p. https://doi.org/10.7289/V5/SP-PIFSC-17-002. |
• Supplemental Information |
As the survey methods described and used herein are also implemented as part of the NOAA Pacific Reef Assessment and Monitoring Program (Pacific RAMP)—an ecosystem-scale interdisciplinary coral reef monitoring program—the data from Timor-Leste are directly comparable to and informed by data collected by NOAA-CREP throughout the U.S. Pacific Islands and Territories. Furthermore, the methods used for establishing ecological baselines for climate change in Timor-Leste (Chapter 4) are being adopted and implemented at 21 sites across eight member states of the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission within the Western Pacific (WESTPAC) region. These data provide a foundation for comparing the ecological baselines under current and future stresses associated with climate change in the Coral Triangle region. |
DOI (Digital Object Identifier) | |
DOI Registration Authority | |
DOI Issue Date |
Keywords
Theme Keywords
Thesaurus | Keyword |
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ISO 19115 Topic Category | biota |
CoRIS Discovery Thesaurus | Visual Images > Habitats |
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus | EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Aquatic Habitat > Benthic Habitat |
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus | EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Aquatic Habitat > Reef Habitat |
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus | EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals |
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus | EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment |
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus | EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Baseline studies |
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus | EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > In Situ Biological |
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus | EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs |
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus | EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs > Coral Reef Ecology |
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus | EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs > Coral Reef Ecology > Benthic biology |
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus | EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs > Coral reef ecology > Coral cover |
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus | EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Marine Biology > Coral |
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus | EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Marine Biology > Coral Communities |
NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS | PHOTOQUADRAT IMAGES |
NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS | imagery |
NODC PROJECT NAMES THESAURUS | CORAL REEF STUDIES |
NODC PROJECT NAMES THESAURUS | Coral Triangle Initiative |
NODC SUBMITTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS | US DOC; NOAA; NMFS; Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center; Ecosystem Sciences Division; Coral Reef Ecosystem Program |
None | Coral Reef Ecosystem Division |
None | Coral Reef Ecosystem Program |
None | CRED |
None | CREP |
None | Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center |
None | PIFSC |
None | United States Agency for International Development |
None | USAID |
Temporal Keywords
Thesaurus | Keyword |
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* Spatial Keywords
Thesaurus | Keyword |
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CoRIS Place Thesaurus | COUNTRY/TERRITORY > Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste (East Timor) (09S126E0001) |
CoRIS Place Thesaurus | OCEAN BASIN > Indian Ocean > Timor Sea > Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste (East Timor) (09S126E0001) |
NODC Sea Area Names Thesaurus | Indian Ocean |
NODC Sea Area Names Thesaurus | Timor Sea |
None | Atauro |
None | Baucau |
None | Bobonaro |
None | Dili |
None | Lautem |
None | Liquica |
None | Manatuto |
None | Manufahi |
None | Oecusse |
None | Timor-Leste |
None | Vila MPA |
Stratum Keywords
Thesaurus | Keyword |
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Instrument Keywords
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Platform Keywords
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Physical Location
• » Organization | Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center |
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• » City | Honolulu |
• » State/Province | HI |
• Country | USA |
• » Location Description |
Data Set Information
* Data Set Scope Code | Data Set |
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• Data Set Type | JPG Files |
• Maintenance Frequency | None Planned |
Maintenance Note | |
» Data Presentation Form | Image (digital) |
• Entity Attribute Overview |
Raw data include approximately 30 benthic photographs per survey site. Included in the archive package is a list of survey sites, including site id, location (latitude/longitude), and survey date, where photoquads were collected. The file naming convention for each photo/image is [SITE]_[YEAR]_[TRANSECT]_[PHOTO_NUMBER].JPG (for example: KOA-02_2015_A_01.JPG). |
Entity Attribute Detail Citation | |
Entity Attribute Detail URL | |
Distribution Liability |
While every effort has been made to ensure that these data are accurate and reliable within the limits of the current state of the art, NOAA cannot assume liability for any damages caused by errors or omissions in the data, nor as a result of the failure of the data to function on a particular system. NOAA makes no warranty, expressed or implied, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. |
Data Set Credit | PIFSC Coral Reef Ecosystem Program and funded by the United States Agency for International Development |
Support Roles
* » Support Role | Data Steward |
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* » Date Effective From | 2012 |
Date Effective To | |
Person | Vargas-Angel, Bernardo |
Address |
1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu, HI 96818 USA |
Email Address | bernardo.vargasangel@noaa.gov |
Phone | (808)725-5423 |
Fax | |
Mobile | |
URL | |
Business Hours | |
Contact Instructions |
Email preferred |
* » Support Role | Distributor |
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* » Date Effective From | 2017 |
Date Effective To | |
Organization | NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) |
Email Address | ncei.info@noaa.gov |
Phone | |
Fax | |
Mobile | |
URL | https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact |
Business Hours | |
Contact Instructions |
* » Support Role | Distributor |
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* » Date Effective From | 2012 |
Date Effective To | 2017 |
Person | Kanemura, Troy T |
Address |
1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu, HI 96818 USA |
Email Address | troy.kanemura@noaa.gov |
Phone | (808)725-5422 |
Fax | |
Mobile | |
URL | |
Business Hours | |
Contact Instructions |
Email preferred |
* » Support Role | Metadata Contact |
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* » Date Effective From | 2012 |
Date Effective To | |
Person | DesRochers, Annette M |
Address |
1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu, HI 96818 USA |
Email Address | annette.desrochers@noaa.gov |
Phone | (808)725-5461 |
Fax | |
Mobile | |
URL | |
Business Hours | 8 am - 5 pm |
Contact Instructions |
Email preferred |
* » Support Role | Originator |
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* » Date Effective From | 2012 |
Date Effective To | |
Organization | Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC) |
Address |
1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu, HI 96818 USA |
Email Address | pifsc.info@noaa.gov |
Phone | 808-725-5360 |
Fax | |
Mobile | |
URL | https://www.pifsc.noaa.gov |
Business Hours | 8:00 a.m. - 4:30 p.m. |
Contact Instructions |
* » Support Role | Point of Contact |
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* » Date Effective From | 2012 |
Date Effective To | |
Person | Vargas-Angel, Bernardo |
Address |
1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu, HI 96818 USA |
Email Address | bernardo.vargasangel@noaa.gov |
Phone | (808)725-5423 |
Fax | |
Mobile | |
URL | |
Business Hours | |
Contact Instructions |
Email preferred |
* » Support Role | |
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* » Date Effective From | |
Date Effective To | |
* » Contact | |
* Contact Instructions |
* » Support Role | |
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* » Date Effective From | |
Date Effective To | |
* » Contact | |
* Contact Instructions |
* » Support Role | |
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* » Date Effective From | |
Date Effective To | |
* » Contact | |
* Contact Instructions |
Extents
Currentness Reference | Ground Condition |
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Extent Group 1
Extent Description |
Timor-Leste |
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Extent Group 1 / Geographic Area 1
* » W° Bound | 124 |
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* » E° Bound | 127.5 |
* » N° Bound | -8.1 |
* » S° Bound | -9.5 |
* » Description |
Extent of photo-quadrat surveys conducted by NOAA CREP in Timor-Leste from 2012 to 2014. |
Extent Group 1 / Vertical Extent
EPSG Code | |
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Vertical Minimum | |
Vertical Maximum |
Extent Group 1 / Time Frame 1
* » Time Frame Type | Range |
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* » Start | 2013-06-04 |
End | 2013-06-27 |
Alternate Start As Of Info | SB1310 |
Alternate End As Of Info | |
Description |
Time frame of reef fish surveys conducted by NOAA CREP at Timor-Leste in June 2013. |
Extent Group 1 / Time Frame 2
* » Time Frame Type | Range |
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* » Start | 2012-10-15 |
End | 2012-10-25 |
Alternate Start As Of Info | SBP-12-15 |
Alternate End As Of Info | |
Description |
Time frame of climate site surveys in 2012. |
Extent Group 1 / Time Frame 3
* » Time Frame Type | Range |
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* » Start | 2014-09-16 |
End | 2014-10-09 |
Alternate Start As Of Info | MP-14-19 |
Alternate End As Of Info | |
Description |
Time frame of climate change surveys in 2014. |
Spatial Information
Spatial Resolution
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Reference Systems
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Access Information
Data License | |
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Data License URL | |
Data License Statement | |
* » Security Class | Unclassified |
* Security Classification System |
Not applicable |
Security Handling Description |
Not applicable |
• Data Access Policy |
NOAA Coral Reef Ecosystem Program (CREP) Data Sharing Recommendations, version 9.0 updated August 12, 2015: CREP welcomes the opportunity to collaborate on research issues contributing to the scientific basis for better management of marine ecosystems. CREP has a very diverse set of field activities that generates large volumes of data using an array of data collection protocols. The following recommendations are for your consideration as you use this data: 1) Data analyses should take all field exigencies into account. The most effective way to do this would be active collaboration with CREP principal investigators. 2) In all presentations, product releases, or publications using data generated by CREP, proper acknowledgement of both CREP and the individuals responsible for data collection is expected. Citing the DOI (if available) is preferred, a non-DOI example is listed below. 3) If you collect or generate data for the same study areas, CREP requests that you share relevant information on complimentary data collections. 4) Those receiving data are strongly urged to inform the CREP Data Management Team of any errors and discrepancies that are discovered during the course of using these data. They are further urged to bring to the attention of the Team all problems and difficulties encountered in using these data. This information is necessary in order to improve the collections and to facilitate more efficient and economical data processing and retrieval. The users are asked to supply copies of any missing data that may be located, and to provide information as to significant subsets and special aggregations of data that are developed in using the material provided. Example citation: "This publication makes use of data products provided by the Coral Reef Ecosystem Program (CREP), Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), with funding support from the United States Agency for International Development. The analysis and interpretations presented here are solely that of the current authors.” |
» Data Access Procedure |
Data can be accessed online via the NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) Ocean Archive. |
• » Data Access Constraints |
None |
• Data Use Constraints |
Please cite NOAA Coral Reef Ecosystem Program (CREP) when using the data. Suggested citation: Coral Reef Ecosystem Program; Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (2017). Benthic images collected at coral reef sites in Timor-Leste from 2012-2014. NOAA's National Center for Environmental Information, https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/46160 |
Metadata Access Constraints |
None |
Metadata Use Constraints |
None |
Distribution Information
Start Date | |
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» Download URL | https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0166378 |
Distributor | NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) (2017 - Present) |
File Name | Images Timor |
Description |
Photoquadrat benthic photographs (*.jpg) collected by the NOAA Coral Reef Ecosystem Program (CREP) at survey sites in Timor-Leste in 2012, 2013, and 2014. |
File Date/Time | 2017-04-05 00:00:00 |
File Type (Deprecated) | JPEG |
Distribution Format | JPEG |
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» Download URL | https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0166378 |
Distributor | NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) (2017 - Present) |
File Name | Images_SiteInfo_Timor_2012.csv |
Description |
The list of survey sites, including site id, location (latitude/longitude), and survey date, where photoquads were collected in Timor-Leste in 2012. |
File Date/Time | 2017-04-15 00:00:00 |
File Type (Deprecated) | .csv |
Distribution Format | CSV - Comma Separated Values (Text) |
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» Download URL | https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0166378 |
Distributor | NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) (2017 - Present) |
File Name | Images_SiteInfo_Timor_2013.csv |
Description |
The list of survey sites, including site id, location (latitude/longitude), and survey date, where photoquads were collected in Timor-Leste in 2013. |
File Date/Time | 2017-04-05 00:00:00 |
File Type (Deprecated) | .csv |
Distribution Format | CSV - Comma Separated Values (Text) |
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Start Date | |
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» Download URL | https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0166378 |
Distributor | NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) (2017 - Present) |
File Name | Images_SiteInfo_Timor_2014.csv |
Description |
The list of survey sites, including site id, location (latitude/longitude), and survey date, where photoquads were collected in Timor-Leste in 2014. |
File Date/Time | 2017-04-05 00:00:00 |
File Type (Deprecated) | csv (comma-separated values) |
Distribution Format | CSV - Comma Separated Values (Text) |
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Archive Information
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URLs
URL | https://www.pifsc.noaa.gov/cred/coral_triangle_initiative.php |
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Name | |
URL Type | Online Resource |
File Resource Format | PHP |
Description |
Information about the NOAA Coral Reef Ecosystem Program's activities in the Coral Triangle. |
URL | https://pifscblog.wordpress.com/2012/11/20/final-count-timor-leste/ |
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Name | |
URL Type | Online Resource |
File Resource Format | HTML |
Description |
PIFSC CREP blog post, 2012: The final count: Timor-Leste expedition completed |
URL | https://www.coris.noaa.gov/activities/projects/timor-leste/ |
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Name | |
URL Type | Online Resource |
File Resource Format | HTML |
Description |
Timor-Leste project portal on the NOAA Coral Reef Information Service website where NOAA's final report for Timor-Leste and the datasets generated by NOAA CREP as part of the project can be downloaded. |
URL | https://www.coris.noaa.gov/activities/projects/timor-leste/images/benthic_images_s.jpg |
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Name | |
URL Type | Browse Graphic |
File Resource Format | jpg |
Description |
A sample collage of photoquadrat benthic images for one survey site. |
URL | https://pifscblog.wordpress.com/2013/08/13/final-count-timor-leste-2/ |
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Name | |
URL Type | Online Resource |
File Resource Format | html |
Description |
PIFSC CREP blog post, 2013: The final count: summary of mission to assess reef fish assemblages, build capacity in Timor-Leste. |
URL | https://pifscblog.wordpress.com/2014/09/30/timor-leste-atauro/ |
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URL Type | Online Resource |
File Resource Format | HTML |
Description |
PIFSC CREP blog post, 2014: Scientists return to Timor-Leste for reef monitoring mission. |
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Technical Environment
Description |
PIFSC network/file system: 2012: \\PICMAKAI\OPTICAL\OPTICAL\CT\2012\TIM\REA\CLIMATE\ 2013: \\PICMAKAI\OPTICAL\OPTICAL\CT\2013\TIM\REA\FISH\ 2014: \\PICMAKAI\OPTICAL\OPTICAL\CT\2014\TIM\REA\CLIMATE\ |
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Data Quality
Representativeness | |
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Accuracy |
Handheld GPS units were used to locate random sites and to mark site locations. |
Analytical Accuracy |
Image data include ~30 benthic photographs per survey site from surveys in all years. The fish team conducts the photoquadrat surveys along one 30 m transect. Climate site surveys in 2012 were along 2 transects and along 1 transect in 2014. Therefore, the site level image data contain one or two transects per survey, depending on the year. Appropriate site level image grouping should include all 30 images. |
Horizontal Positional Accuracy | |
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Detection Limit | |
Completeness Report |
Only shallow water (0 to 18 meter depth range) hard-bottom habitats were surveyed. |
Conceptual Consistency |
Survey methods were consistent across all sites within the same year. |
» Quality Control Procedures Employed |
Benthic images and the file structure are quality controlled by CREP personnel before they are migrated and integrated into CREP's master optical directory on the PIFSC network. The photos are reviewed by the diver for accuracy and usability. The data management team also uses a optical validation script to re-name photos and enforce several validation checks. |
Data Management
» Have Resources for Management of these Data Been Identified? | Yes |
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» Approximate Percentage of Budget for these Data Devoted to Data Management | Unknown |
» Do these Data Comply with the Data Access Directive? | Yes |
» Is Access to the Data Limited Based on an Approved Waiver? | No |
» If Distributor (Data Hosting Service) is Needed, Please Indicate | |
» Approximate Delay Between Data Collection and Dissemination | Unknown |
» If Delay is Longer than Latency of Automated Processing, Indicate Under What Authority Data Access is Delayed | |
» Actual or Planned Long-Term Data Archive Location | NCEI-MD |
» Approximate Delay Between Data Collection and Archiving | Unknown |
» How Will the Data Be Protected from Accidental or Malicious Modification or Deletion Prior to Receipt by the Archive? |
NOAA IRC and NOAA Fisheries ITS resources and assets. |
Lineage
» Lineage Statement |
Benthic photographs were collected for survey sites at pre-defined points along the transect. The photos are collected for the purpose of deriving benthic cover percentages using image analysis software, though, not all photo sets are analyzed. In the case where photographs were collected during both the initial deployment (2012) and final recovery missions (2014), typically only the most recent set of photographs are analyzed for benthic cover. This is true for the climate sites in Timor-Leste; the 2012 images were not analyzed. |
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Sources
Citation Title | Interdisciplinary Baseline Ecosystem Assessment Surveys to Inform Ecosystem-Based Management Planning in Timor-Leste: Final Report |
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Contact Role Type | |
Contact Type | Organization |
Contact Name | Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, PIFSC |
Publish Date | 2017-06-21 |
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Citation URL | https://doi.org/10.7289/V5/SP-PIFSC-17-002 |
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Process Steps
Process Step Number | 1 |
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» Description |
Upon completion of each fish survey, one diver conducted a photoquadrat by photographing the benthos at 1-m intervals along the 30-m transect line between the centers of the two cylinders (30 photographs per site). A 1-m plastic polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pole was used to position a digital camera directly above the substrate to frame a photograph approximately 0.7 m2 in area. |
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Source | Interdisciplinary Baseline Ecosystem Assessment Surveys to Inform Ecosystem-Based Management Planning in Timor-Leste: Final Report |
Process Step Number | 2 |
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At each Climate Monitoring site, digital photos of the benthos were collected at 1-m intervals along two transects implementing a high-resolution digital camera mounted on a pole. This process generated ~30 photographs per site. |
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Source | Interdisciplinary Baseline Ecosystem Assessment Surveys to Inform Ecosystem-Based Management Planning in Timor-Leste: Final Report |
Process Step Number | 3 |
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» Description |
Photos are color-corrected (if necessary) prior to analysis. The data management team also uses a optical validation script to rename photos and enforce several validation checks. |
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Catalog Details
Catalog Item ID | 46160 |
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Metadata Record Created By | Annette M DesRochers |
Metadata Record Created | 2017-06-02 03:17+0000 |
Metadata Record Last Modified By | SysAdmin InPortAdmin |
» Metadata Record Last Modified | 2024-10-03 18:16+0000 |
Metadata Record Published | 2017-09-11 |
Owner Org | PIFSC |
Metadata Publication Status | Published Externally |
Do Not Publish? | N |
Metadata Workflow State | Published / External |
Metadata Last Review Date | 2017-09-11 |
Metadata Review Frequency | 1 Year |
Metadata Next Review Date | 2018-09-11 |
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