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Summary

An example of the benthic habitat data generated for Timor-Leste from WorldView-2 satellite image...

Short Citation
Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, 2024: Nearshore Benthic Habitats of Timor-Leste Derived from WorldView-2 Satellite Imagery, https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/29128.
Full Citation Examples

Abstract

Benthic habitat classes were derived for nearshore waters (< 20 m depths) around Timor-Leste from DigitalGlobe WorldView-2 satellite imagery, acquired from February 9, 2010 to December 14, 2013, by the NOAA Coral Reef Ecosystem Program (CREP). Habitat classes include soft (sand or mud) and hard (rubble, boulders, etc.) substrates by depth (shallow, mid and deep); seagrass, mangrove, and macroalgae dominated areas; intertidal zones; lagoons; and emergent rocks. Supervised classifications were performed using several different methods (maximum likelihood, and minimum distance) with imagery at several different stages of processing (deglinted, radiance, reflectance and deglinted, depth invariant, sieve, and clump), with final classification based on the classification method and imagery variant that provided the best overall results for each WorldView-2 image.

Distribution Information

  • PDF - Adobe Portable Document Format

    A Methodology for Classification of Benthic Features using WorldView-2 Satellite Imagery.

  • CSV - Comma Separated Values (Text)

    Metadata information for each final benthic habitat geotif produced for the four regions (north shore, south shore, Atauro Island, and Oecusse) in Timor-Leste. Metadata file includes source satellite image name, and identifies the specific layer used for benthic classification, the supervised classification type, and any post-processing methods used.

  • GeoTIFF

    GeoTiff raster benthic habitat data for nearshore waters of Timor Leste, based on a supervised classification of WorldView-2 satellite imagery. The benthic habitat data are organized by region (north shore, south shore, Atauro Island, and Oecusse), and each region contains 1) the individual final benthic habitat files (one geoTiff for each satellite image), 2) a projected (UTM_Zone_51S) benthic habitat mosaic for the region, and 3) an unprojected (WGS84) mosaic for the region. The mosaics are also in geoTiff format. An ESRI layer file is included within each region folder for ease of displaying the geoTiffs in ESRI's ArcGIS software. The symbology is based on the VALUE field and defined by the corresponding class.

  • Text (Unstructured)

    README folder contains the README.txt files for each final benthic habitat geotif produced for the four regions (north shore, south shore, Atauro Island, and Oecusse) of Timor-Leste. Each README.txt file contains specific details for each geotif generated.

Access Constraints:

None

Use Constraints:

Please cite NOAA Coral Reef Ecosystem Program (CREP) when using the data.

Example

Coral Reef Ecosystem Program; Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (2017). Nearshore Benthic Habitats of Timor-Leste Derived from WorldView-2 Satellite Imagery. NOAA's National Center for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/29128

Controlled Theme Keywords

biota, oceans

Child Items

Type Title
Entity WV2_Habitat_Classes_TIMOR

Contact Information

Point of Contact
Annette M DesRochers
annette.desrochers@noaa.gov
(808)725-5461

Metadata Contact
Annette M DesRochers
annette.desrochers@noaa.gov
(808)725-5461

Extents

Geographic Area 1

124° W, 127.5° E, -8° N, -10° S

Timor-Leste

Time Frame 1
2010-02-09 - 2013-12-14

Time span of satellite images acquired from DigitalGlobe, Inc.

Item Identification

Title: Nearshore Benthic Habitats of Timor-Leste Derived from WorldView-2 Satellite Imagery
Short Name: Timor: WV-2 Benthic Habitats
Status: Completed
Publication Date: 2017
Abstract:

Benthic habitat classes were derived for nearshore waters (< 20 m depths) around Timor-Leste from DigitalGlobe WorldView-2 satellite imagery, acquired from February 9, 2010 to December 14, 2013, by the NOAA Coral Reef Ecosystem Program (CREP). Habitat classes include soft (sand or mud) and hard (rubble, boulders, etc.) substrates by depth (shallow, mid and deep); seagrass, mangrove, and macroalgae dominated areas; intertidal zones; lagoons; and emergent rocks. Supervised classifications were performed using several different methods (maximum likelihood, and minimum distance) with imagery at several different stages of processing (deglinted, radiance, reflectance and deglinted, depth invariant, sieve, and clump), with final classification based on the classification method and imagery variant that provided the best overall results for each WorldView-2 image.

Purpose:

In 2011, NOAA and the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) Timor-Leste Mission formed a 5-year bi-lateral partnership agreement from 2012 to 2016, in support of the Government of Timor-Leste—particularly the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries (MAF)—by addressing significant information gaps in their nearshore marine ecosystems. Specifically, MAF asked NOAA to address the following questions:

1. Where are the nearshore marine resources?

2. What are the nearshore marine resources?

3. How are they changing over time and what threats are potentially causing these changes?

4. What approaches are needed to manage and conserve the nearshore marine resources?

With financial support from USAID and in-kind support from the NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program (CRCP), the NOAA Coral Reef Ecosystem Program (NOAA-CREP) conducted baseline ecosystem assessment surveys to inform ecosystem-based management planning in Timor-Leste. The primary activities conducted by NOAA to answer these questions included:

1. satellite mapping of nearshore habitats,

2. conducting coral reef ecosystem assessments,

3. establishing ecological baselines for climate change, and

4. building management capacity by developing a spatial data framework

The benthic habitat classification data described herein resulted from the first activity to conduct satellite mapping for the nearshore waters around Timor-Leste.

Other Citation Details:

Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center. 2017. Interdisciplinary baseline ecosystem assessment surveys to inform ecosystem-based management planning in Timor-Leste: Final Report. Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, PIFSC Special Publication, SP-17-002, 234 p. https://doi.org/10.7289/V5/SP-PIFSC-17-002.

Keywords

Theme Keywords

Thesaurus Keyword
ISO 19115 Topic Category
biota
ISO 19115 Topic Category
oceans
UNCONTROLLED
CoRIS Discovery Thesaurus Geographic Information > Habitats
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Aquatic Habitat > Benthic Habitat
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Aquatic Habitat > Coastal Habitat
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Aquatic Habitat > Reef Habitat
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Vegetation > Fleshy Macroalgae
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > GIS
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Mapping
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Mapping > Base map
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Mapping > geomorphology Mapping
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Mapping > Habitat Mapping
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Remote Sensing
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Remote Sensing > Satellite (digital scans) > WorldView-2
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Bathymetry/Seafloor Topography > Hard Seafloor Substrate
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Bathymetry/Seafloor Topography > Soft Seafloor Substrate
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs > Coral Reef Ecology > Habitats
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs > Coral Reef Ecology > Lagoons
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Mangroves
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Marine Biology > Marine algae
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Marine Biology > Marine Plants > Seagrass
NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS HABITAT - BENTHIC
NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS SUBSTRATE DESCRIPTION
NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS benthic
NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS derived products
NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS GIS product
NODC PROJECT NAMES THESAURUS CORAL REEF STUDIES
NODC PROJECT NAMES THESAURUS Coral Triangle Initiative
NODC SUBMITTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS US DOC; NOAA; NMFS; Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center; Ecosystem Sciences Division; Coral Reef Ecosystem Program
None Coral Reef Ecosystem Division
None Coral Reef Ecosystem Program
None CRED
None CREP
None Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center
None PIFSC
None Substrate
None United States Agency for International Development
None USAID

Spatial Keywords

Thesaurus Keyword
UNCONTROLLED
CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste (East Timor) (09S126E0001)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Indian Ocean > Timor Sea > Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste (East Timor) (09S126E0001)
NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS Indian Ocean
NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS Timor Sea
None Atauro
None Baucau
None Bobonaro
None Dili
None Jaco
None Lautem
None Liquica
None Manatuto
None Manufahi
None Oecusse
None Timor
None Timor-Leste
None Vila MPA

Physical Location

Organization: Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center
City: Honolulu
State/Province: HI
Country: USA

Data Set Information

Data Set Scope Code: Data Set
Data Set Type: GIS dataset of raster files
Maintenance Frequency: None Planned
Data Presentation Form: Map (digital)
Entity Attribute Overview:

Benthic habitat raster files, in geotiff format, derived from WorldView-2 satellite imagery from coastal waters of Timor-Leste. Values 1-15 correspond to the following 15 habitat classes, in sequential (VALUE) order: hard shallow, soft shallow, hard mid, soft mid, hard deep, soft deep, seagrass, unknown, mangrove, intertidal, emergent rocks, macroalgae, lagoon, hard, and soft. These classes are grouped into the following types: hard substrate, soft substrate, seagrass, unknown, mangrove, intertidal, emergent rocks, macroalgae, and lagoon.

Distribution Liability:

While every effort has been made to ensure that these data are accurate and reliable within the limits of the current state of the art, NOAA cannot assume liability for any damages caused by errors or omissions in the data, nor as a result of the failure of the data to function on a particular system. NOAA makes no warranty, expressed or implied, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty.

Data Set Credit: PIFSC Coral Reef Ecosystem Program and funded by the United States Agency for International Development

Support Roles

Data Steward

CC ID: 256719
Date Effective From: 2012
Date Effective To:
Contact (Person): Acoba, Tomoko S
Address: 1845 Wasp Blvd.
Honolulu, HI 96818
USA
Email Address: tomoko.acoba@noaa.gov
Phone: (808)725-5448
Business Hours: 8:00 am - 4:00 pm HST
Contact Instructions:

email preferred

Distributor

CC ID: 256723
Date Effective From: 2017
Date Effective To:
Contact (Organization): NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI)
Email Address: ncei.info@noaa.gov
URL: NCEI Contact Information

Metadata Contact

CC ID: 256720
Date Effective From: 2012
Date Effective To:
Contact (Person): DesRochers, Annette M
Address: 1845 Wasp Blvd.
Honolulu, HI 96818
USA
Email Address: annette.desrochers@noaa.gov
Phone: (808)725-5461
Business Hours: 8 am - 5 pm
Contact Instructions:

email preferred

Originator

CC ID: 256724
Date Effective From: 2012
Date Effective To:
Contact (Organization): Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC)
Address: 1845 Wasp Blvd.
Honolulu, HI 96818
USA
Email Address: pifsc.info@noaa.gov
Phone: 808-725-5360
URL: https://www.pifsc.noaa.gov
Business Hours: 8:00 a.m. - 4:30 p.m.

Point of Contact

CC ID: 256718
Date Effective From: 2012
Date Effective To:
Contact (Person): DesRochers, Annette M
Address: 1845 Wasp Blvd.
Honolulu, HI 96818
USA
Email Address: annette.desrochers@noaa.gov
Phone: (808)725-5461
Business Hours: 8 am - 5 pm
Contact Instructions:

email preferred

View Historical Support Roles

Extents

Currentness Reference: Ground Condition

Extent Group 1

Extent Description:

Timor-Leste

Extent Group 1 / Geographic Area 1

CC ID: 256828
W° Bound: 124
E° Bound: 127.5
N° Bound: -8
S° Bound: -10
Description

Timor-Leste

Extent Group 1 / Time Frame 1

CC ID: 256829
Time Frame Type: Range
Start: 2010-02-09
End: 2013-12-14
Description:

Time span of satellite images acquired from DigitalGlobe, Inc.

Access Information

Security Class: Unclassified
Security Classification System:

Not applicable

Security Handling Description:

Not applicable

Data Access Policy:

NOAA Coral Reef Ecosystem Program (CREP) Data Sharing Recommendations, version 9.0 updated August 12, 2015:

CREP welcomes the opportunity to collaborate on research issues contributing to the scientific basis for better management of marine ecosystems. CREP has a very diverse set of field activities that generates large volumes of data using an array of data collection protocols.

The following recommendations are for your consideration as you use this data:

1) Data analyses should take all field exigencies into account. The most effective way to do this would be active collaboration with CREP principal investigators.

2) In all presentations, product releases, or publications using data generated by CREP, proper acknowledgement of both CREP and the individuals responsible for data collection is expected. Citing the DOI (if available) is preferred, a non-DOI example is listed below.

3) If you collect or generate data for the same study areas, CREP requests that you share relevant information on complimentary data collections.

4) Those receiving data are strongly urged to inform the CREP Data Management Team of any errors and discrepancies that are discovered during the course of using these data. They are further urged to bring to the attention of the Team all problems and difficulties encountered in using these data. This information is necessary in order to improve the collections and to facilitate more efficient and economical data processing and retrieval. The users are asked to supply copies of any missing data that may be located, and to provide information as to significant subsets and special aggregations of data that are developed in using the material provided.

Example citation:

"This publication makes use of data products provided by the Coral Reef Ecosystem Program (CREP), Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), with funding support from the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). The analysis and interpretations presented here are solely that of the current authors.”

Data Access Procedure:

Data can be accessed online via the NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) Ocean Archive

Data Access Constraints:

None

Data Use Constraints:

Please cite NOAA Coral Reef Ecosystem Program (CREP) when using the data.

Example

Coral Reef Ecosystem Program; Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (2017). Nearshore Benthic Habitats of Timor-Leste Derived from WorldView-2 Satellite Imagery. NOAA's National Center for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/29128

Metadata Access Constraints:

None

Metadata Use Constraints:

None

Distribution Information

Distribution 1

CC ID: 262556
Download URL: https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0168914
Distributor: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) (2017 - Present)
File Name: Benthic_Feature_Classification_from_WorldView.pdf
Description:

A Methodology for Classification of Benthic Features using WorldView-2 Satellite Imagery.

File Date/Time: 2015-11-01 00:00:00
File Type (Deprecated): PDF
Distribution Format: PDF - Adobe Portable Document Format

Distribution 2

CC ID: 258656
Download URL: https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0168914
Distributor: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) (2017 - Present)
File Name: Benthic_Habitat_Final_TIF_Metadata.csv
Description:

Metadata information for each final benthic habitat geotif produced for the four regions (north shore, south shore, Atauro Island, and Oecusse) in Timor-Leste. Metadata file includes source satellite image name, and identifies the specific layer used for benthic classification, the supervised classification type, and any post-processing methods used.

File Type (Deprecated): csv (comma-separated values)
Distribution Format: CSV - Comma Separated Values (Text)

Distribution 3

CC ID: 696038
Download URL: https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0168914
Distributor: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) (2017 - Present)
File Name: Benthic_Habitat_Timor.zip
Description:

GeoTiff raster benthic habitat data for nearshore waters of Timor Leste, based on a supervised classification of WorldView-2 satellite imagery. The benthic habitat data are organized by region (north shore, south shore, Atauro Island, and Oecusse), and each region contains 1) the individual final benthic habitat files (one geoTiff for each satellite image), 2) a projected (UTM_Zone_51S) benthic habitat mosaic for the region, and 3) an unprojected (WGS84) mosaic for the region. The mosaics are also in geoTiff format. An ESRI layer file is included within each region folder for ease of displaying the geoTiffs in ESRI's ArcGIS software. The symbology is based on the VALUE field and defined by the corresponding class.

File Date/Time: 2017-06-14 00:00:00
File Type (Deprecated): GeoTIFF
Distribution Format: GeoTIFF

Distribution 4

CC ID: 696037
Download URL: https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0168914
Distributor: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) (2017 - Present)
File Name: README.ZIP
Description:

README folder contains the README.txt files for each final benthic habitat geotif produced for the four regions (north shore, south shore, Atauro Island, and Oecusse) of Timor-Leste. Each README.txt file contains specific details for each geotif generated.

File Type (Deprecated): Text
Distribution Format: Text (Unstructured)

URLs

URL 1

CC ID: 257138
URL: https://dg-cms-uploads-production.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/document/file/35/DG-8SPECTRAL-WP_0.pdf
URL Type:
Online Resource
File Resource Format: PDF
Description:

DigitalGlobe. 2010. The Benefits of the Eight Spectral Bands of WorldView-2.

URL 2

CC ID: 258669
URL: https://dg-cms-uploads-production.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/document/file/98/WorldView2-DS-WV2-rev2.pdf
URL Type:
Online Resource
File Resource Format: PDF
Description:

WorldView-2 Data Sheet

URL 3

CC ID: 572425
URL: https://www.coris.noaa.gov/activities/projects/timor-leste/
URL Type:
Online Resource
File Resource Format: HTML
Description:

Timor-Leste project portal on the NOAA Coral Reef Information Service website where NOAA's final report for Timor-Leste and the datasets generated by NOAA CREP as part of the project can be downloaded.

URL 4

CC ID: 696039
URL: https://www.coris.noaa.gov/activities/projects/timor-leste/images/benthic_Habitat.jpg
URL Type:
Browse Graphic
An example of the benthic habitat data generated for Timor-Leste from WorldView-2 satellite image...
File Resource Format: jpg
Description:

An example of the benthic habitat data generated for Timor-Leste from WorldView-2 satellite imagery.

URL 5

CC ID: 696040
URL: https://www.pifsc.noaa.gov/cred/coral_triangle_initiative.php
URL Type:
Online Resource
Description:

Information about the NOAA Coral Reef Ecosystem Program's activities in the Coral Triangle.

Technical Environment

Description:

Maps were developed using standard image processing software, including ArcGIS version 10.3, ENVI version 4.8, and Microsoft Excel version 14.0.73162.5000.

Data Quality

Accuracy:

Limited validation data are available, precluding a quantitative error analysis. Preliminary maps were reviewed by a few persons working in coral reef ecosystems in Timor-Leste and their comments and corrections were incorporated into the final maps.

Analytical Accuracy:

Little-to-no ground truth data are available; therefore, no error analysis was conducted because there was no way to quantify correctness of the data.

Completeness Report:

Nearshore waters along the coast of Timor-Leste are completely covered with WorldView-2 satellite imagery. There are, however, holes in derived habitat layers resulting from areas of high water column turbidity, clouds, whitewater, etc. that were masked out of the analyses due to a lack of reliable imagery of the seafloor for those areas. Multiple overlapping images of some portions of the shoreline enabled sections of different images to be extracted and used to patch holes in other images in some cases, in a process known as "cloud patching." This process enabled more complete coverage to be developed. Imagery was acquired for Timor-Leste from Jan 26 2010 to Aug 10, 2014. The subset of imagery used to derive habitats was from February 9, 2010 to December 14, 2013.

Conceptual Consistency:

Pre-processing of all WorldView-2 satellite images was performed using the same methods, to produce a deglinted image, radiance and depth invariant data layers. Three different supervised classification algorithms were run for each data layer, including Mahalanobis Distance, Maximum Likelihood and Minimum Distance methods. All three algorithms were run alone and also followed, when it appeared necessary, by Sieve and Sieve Clump post-classification steps to merge nearby pixels together. The resulting habitat maps were compared to select the method that produced the best results for each of the WorldView-2 images.

Quality Control Procedures Employed:

An experienced outside contractor was hired to review and suggest modifications to improve the the initial methods for deriving benthic habitat data from WorldView-2 satellite imagery.

Three different modifications for both types of processing were performed on each image. A visual comparison of the 6 resulting geotiffs was made to select the one that best reflected the distribution of benthic habitats for each WorldView-2 satellite image.

Data Management

Have Resources for Management of these Data Been Identified?: Yes
Approximate Percentage of Budget for these Data Devoted to Data Management: Unknown
Do these Data Comply with the Data Access Directive?: Yes
Is Access to the Data Limited Based on an Approved Waiver?: No
Approximate Delay Between Data Collection and Dissemination: Unknown
Actual or Planned Long-Term Data Archive Location: NCEI-CO
Approximate Delay Between Data Collection and Archiving: Unknown
How Will the Data Be Protected from Accidental or Malicious Modification or Deletion Prior to Receipt by the Archive?:

NOAA IRC and NOAA Fisheries ITS resources and assets.

Lineage

Lineage Statement:

Benthic habitat classes were derived for nearshore waters around Timor-Leste from WorldView-2 satellite imagery. Habitat classes include different combinations of shallow, mid and deep depths, soft (sand or mud) or hard (rubble, boulders, etc.) substrates, macroalgae, seagrass or mangrove dominated areas, intertidal areas, lagoons, and emergent rocks. Supervised classifications were performed using several different methods and with imagery at several different stages of processing, with final classification based on the classification method and imagery variant that provided the best overall results for each WorldView-2 image.

Sources

Depth Derivation Using Multispectral WorldView-2 Satellite Imagery, NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-PIFSC-46

CC ID: 256774
Contact Type: Organization
Contact Name: Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, PIFSC
Publish Date: 2015-06-01
Citation URL: http://www.pifsc.noaa.gov/library/pubs/tech/NOAA_Tech_Memo_PIFSC_46.pdf

Edwards, AJ. 1999. Applications of Satellite and Airborne Image Data to Coastal Management Seventh Computer-Based Learning Module (Bilko for Windows). Paris: UNESCO.

CC ID: 572418

ENVI

CC ID: 262565
Contact Name: Exelis Visual Information Solutions
Citation URL: http://exelisvis.com/ProductsServices/ENVIProducts/ENVI.aspx

ESRI ArcGIS Desktop 10.3, 'Extract by Mask’ tool

CC ID: 262627
Citation URL: http://desktop.arcgis.com/en/arcmap/10.3/tools/spatial-analyst-toolbox/extract-by-mask.htm

ESRI Imagery Basemap

CC ID: 572427
Citation URL: http://www.esri.com/data/basemaps

Hedley, J. D., A. R. Harborne, and P. J. Mumby. 2005. “Technical Note: Simple and Robust Removal of Sun Glint for Mapping Shallow-water Benthos.” International Journal of Remote Sensing 26 (10). Taylor & Francis Group: 2107–12. doi:10.1080/01431160500034086.

CC ID: 572428

Lyzenga, David R., Norman P. Malinas, and Fred J. Tanis. 2006. “Multispectral Bathymetry Using a Simple Physically Based Algorithm.” IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 44 (8): 2251–59. doi:10.1109/TGRS.2006.872909.

CC ID: 572429

PIFSC. 2017. Interdisciplinary baseline ecosystem assessment surveys to inform ecosystem-based management planning in Timor-Leste: Final Report. NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, PIFSC Special Publication, SP-17-02, 234p.

CC ID: 696042
Contact Type: Organization
Contact Name: Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, PIFSC
Publish Date: 2017-06-21
Citation URL: https://doi.org/10.7289/V5/SP-PIFSC-17-002
Source Contribution:

The methods to derive habitats from WorldView-2 satellite imagery for Timor-leste are described in Appendix C, and findings/results are summarized in Chapter 2. The data is presented in a 50+ page map book in Appendix D.

Updike, T, and C Comp. 2010. “Radiometric Use of WorldView-2 Imagery.” Technical Note. Longmont, Colorado.

CC ID: 572430

Watkins, Russell, L., 2015, A Methodology for Classification of Benthic Features using WorldView-2 Imagery, Report prepared for the Ecospatial Information Team, Coral Reef Ecosystem Division, Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Honolulu, HI, under NOAA contract number WE-133F-15-SE-0518, 29pp.

CC ID: 262634
Contact Name: Russell Watkins
Citation URL: ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/webdocs/documentation/Classification_of_Benthic_Features_using_WorldView_final.pdf

Process Steps

Process Step 1

CC ID: 262802
Description:

Satellite imagery was collected by the WorldView-2 commercial Earth observation satellite owned by DigitalGlobe. WorldView-2 provides panchromatic imagery of .46 meter resolution, and eight-band multispectral imagery with 1.84 meter (6 foot 0 inch) resolution.

Process Contact: Ehses, Julia
Phone (Voice): (808)725-5447
Email Address: julia.ehses@noaa.gov

Process Step 2

CC ID: 256771
Description:

Image pre-processing steps are described in the NOAA Technical Memorandum "Depth Derivation Using Multispectral WorldView-2 Satellite Imagery". Pre-processing of all WorldView-2 satellite images was performed using the same methods, to produce a deglinted image, radiance and depth invariant data layers.

Process Contact: Ehses, Julia
Phone (Voice): (808)725-5447
Email Address: julia.ehses@noaa.gov
Source: Depth Derivation Using Multispectral WorldView-2 Satellite Imagery, NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-PIFSC-46

Process Step 3

CC ID: 256775
Description:

Each image data layer was loaded into ENVI and 13 different regions of interest (ROIs) were created. The ROIs are classified as followed: hard shallow, soft/sand shallow, hard mid depth, soft/sand mid depth, hard deep, soft/sand deep, seagrass, intertidal, mangroves, emergent rocks, macroalgae, and lagoon. Areas within the imagery unable to be classified were annotated as unknown.

The Image classification was performed separately on the multi-band image using three different methods:

1) The Mahalanobis Distance Classification, which is a direction sensitive distance classifier. J.A.Richards, 1999, Remote Sensing Digital Image Analysis, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, p. 240.

2) The Maximum Likelihood Distance, which assumes that the statistics for each class in each band are normally distributed.

3) Minimum Distance, which uses the mean vectors for each class and calculates the distance from each unknown pixel the the mean vector for each class.

More information about the Mahalanobis Distance, Maximum Liklihood Distance and the Minimum Distance algorithm can be found in the ENVI documentation. The results of each of the three classifications were compiled into an ENVI standard image. The outputs were exported in a geotiff format.

Process Contact: Ehses, Julia
Phone (Voice): (808)725-5447
Email Address: julia.ehses@noaa.gov
Source: ENVI

Process Step 4

CC ID: 262592
Description:

Geotiffs were loaded in ArcGIS and all land and NoData values were removed using the Arc toolbox "extract by mask" tool. The outputs were the same eleven classes as the ROI's.

Deep sea areas were manually digitized from classified images as a shapefile with reference to the satellite image as needed, then converted to raster files and mosaicked back onto classified images.

Shallow lagoons were also manually digitized, converted to raster files , mosaicked back onto the classified imagery. This is required because the habitat derivation method does not work well on very shallow waters in Timor-Leste as these areas often have high turbidity levels.

Process Contact: Ehses, Julia
Phone (Voice): (808)725-5447
Email Address: julia.ehses@noaa.gov
Source: ESRI ArcGIS Desktop 10.3, 'Extract by Mask’ tool

Process Step 5

CC ID: 262636
Description:

The complete methodology to classify benthic features using WorldView-2 satellite imagery.

Process Contact: Ehses, Julia
Phone (Voice): (808)725-5447
Email Address: julia.ehses@noaa.gov
Source: Watkins, Russell, L., 2015, A Methodology for Classification of Benthic Features using WorldView-2 Imagery, Report prepared for the Ecospatial Information Team, Coral Reef Ecosystem Division, Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Honolulu, HI, under NOAA contract number WE-133F-15-SE-0518, 29pp.

Process Step 7

CC ID: 696041
Description:

The methodology along with the results are described in the final report produced by CREP for the Government of Timor-Leste, Interdisciplinary baseline ecosystem assessment surveys to inform ecosystem-based management planning in Timor-Leste: Final Report.

Source: PIFSC. 2017. Interdisciplinary baseline ecosystem assessment surveys to inform ecosystem-based management planning in Timor-Leste: Final Report. NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, PIFSC Special Publication, SP-17-02, 234p.

Child Items

Rubric scores updated every 15m

Rubric Score Type Title
Entity WV2_Habitat_Classes_TIMOR

Catalog Details

Catalog Item ID: 29128
GUID: gov.noaa.nmfs.inport:29128
Metadata Record Created By: John JB Rooney
Metadata Record Created: 2015-11-23 15:37+0000
Metadata Record Last Modified By: SysAdmin InPortAdmin
Metadata Record Last Modified: 2024-10-03 18:16+0000
Metadata Record Published: 2015-12-31
Owner Org: PIFSC
Metadata Publication Status: Published Externally
Do Not Publish?: N
Metadata Last Review Date: 2015-12-31
Metadata Review Frequency: 1 Year
Metadata Next Review Date: 2016-12-31