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Summary

Short Citation
Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, 2024: National Coral Reef Monitoring Program: Coral demographic data (adult and juvenile corals, species, colony length, condition, etc.) collected during Stratified Random Surveys (StRS) across the US Pacific since 2013 derived from in-situ diver surveys and structure-from-motion imagery, https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/71550.
Full Citation Examples

DOI: https://doi.org/10.25921/5QSA-Z057

Abstract

The data described here result from benthic coral demographic surveys within belt transects of specified length and width for two life stages (juveniles and adults) across the US Pacific since 2013. This data is collected as part of the NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC) and Ecosystem Sciences Division (ESD; formerly the Coral Reef Ecosystem Division) led National Coral Reef Monitoring Program (NCRMP) missions around the Mariana Archipelago, American Samoa, Pacific Remote Island Areas, and the Hawaiian Archipelago since 2013.

The in-situ diver coral demographic surveys are part of the Rapid Ecological Assessment (REA) surveys for corals and fish conducted during ESD-led NCRMP missions. From 2013 to 2017, a two-stage stratified random sampling (StRS) design was used to survey the coral reef ecosystems across sub-island sectors and three depth strata (shallow: 0-6m, mid: 6-18m and deep: >18m). Starting in 2018 a one-stage StRS design was employed. These sites represent a broad range of depths (1-25 m), habitat types (aggregate reef, patch reef, pavement, rock and boulder and rubble), coral cover, and diving conditions. Allocation of sampling effort was proportional to strata area and variance in coral density. The StRS design effectively reduces estimate variance through stratification using environmental covariates and by sampling more sites rather than sampling more transects at a site. Therefore, site-level estimates and site to site comparisons should be used with caution.

Starting in 2023 coral demographic data was also derived by the GIS analysis of benthic Structure from Motion (SfM) imagery. The source imagery was collected during in-water surveys conducted by divers, and is documented separately here: https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/63095.During each SfM survey, an 18m transect line was deployed along the isobath and photographed using underwater cameras while swimming in a back and forth swim pattern for later processing. At depths of 0-18m, SfM surveys were conducted over a 3 x 20m area and at depths >18m, a 3 x 13m area was surveyed, both with the transect running down the middle of the survey area. The photographs were processed using Agisoft Metashape software to generate orthomosaic images that were analyzed in ArcGIS for juvenile and adult coral colony demographic metrics.

The data provide information on adult coral colony counts, morphology, size, partial mortality (old and recent dead), presence and causation of disease and other compromised health conditions, including bleaching. Juvenile colony surveys include morphology and size. Taxonomic identification of adult colonies is to the lowest taxonomic level possible and genus level for juveniles. Some segment observations were repeated for internal quality control starting in 2019, and indicated with a repeat segment flag and transectnum = -999; use column OG_OR_RPT_SEG to filter for only original segments. Refer to data dictionaries for details on column conditions.

The raw data also include individual observations of crustose coralline algae diseases and Alcyonarian disease type and lesion size as well as the presence of other Anthozoans, such as other cnidarians including Alcyonareans, Zoantharians, Corallimorpharians, and Antipatharians (does not apply to PMNM surveys conducted in 2014 and 2015 or surveys conducted after 2017).

Distribution Information

  • CSV - Comma Separated Values (Text), 90MB

    Metadata for each survey site (site information, survey date, and location), site characteristics (depth, reef type, habitat), data collection method (Diver or SfM) and individual adult coral colony observations identified to the lowest taxonomic level possible (usually species) including morphology, empirical size measurement, and all other recorded colony attributes including partial mortality and condition. Surveys were conducted by the NOAA Fisheries Ecosystem Sciences Division across the US Pacific from 2013 to present. Note a repeat segment flag was included in 2019 to mark those repeated for internal review. To use without repeats, filter for OG_OR_RPT= 0 or filter out TRANSECTNUM = -999. Analysis is recommended at genus level; note any changes to genus codes using the reference table provided.

  • CSV - Comma Separated Values (Text), 15MB

    Metadata for each survey site (site information, survey date and location), site characteristics (depth, reef type, habitat), data collection method (diver or SfM), and individual juvenile coral colony observations identified to the lowest taxonomic level possible (genus) including morphology and empirical size measurement. Surveys were conducted by the NOAA Fisheries Ecosystem Sciences Division across the US Pacific from 2013 to present. Note a repeat segment flag was included in 2019 to mark those repeated for internal review. To use without repeats, filter for OG_OR_RPT_SEG = 0 or TRANSECTNUM = -999. Analysis is recommended at genus level; note any changes to genus codes using the reference table provided.

  • CSV - Comma Separated Values (Text)

    Lookup table for species and taxon codes used by the NOAA Fisheries Ecosystem Sciences Division across the US Pacific. Note: 'AAAA' is used to denote no colonies observed. Genus is provided as it is recommended that analysis is performed at that level. This table also indicates any changes to taxonomic codes that are present in the original data.

Access Constraints:

None

Use Constraints:

Please cite NOAA Fisheries, Ecosystem Science Division (ESD) when using the data.

Example:

Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, 2023: National Coral Reef Monitoring Program: Stratified Random Surveys (StRS) of Coral Demography (Adult and Juvenile Corals) across the US Pacific since 2013, https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/71550.

Controlled Theme Keywords

BENTHIC, biota, CORAL REEF

Contact Information

Point of Contact
Thomas Oliver
thomas.oliver@noaa.gov
(808)725-5444

Metadata Contact
Lori H Luers
lori.luers@noaa.gov

Extents

Geographic Area 1

144.634585° W, -154.804172° E, 28.457971° N, -14.559759° S

Time Frame 1
2013-08-02 - 2013-10-29

Main Hawaiian Islands 2013: Hawaii, Kauai, Lanai, Maui, Molokai, Niihau, Oahu

Time Frame 2
2014-03-16 - 2014-08-26

Mariana Archipelago 2014: Aguijan, Alamagan, Asuncion, Farallon de Pajaros, Guam, Guguan, Maug, Pagan, Rota, Saipan, Sarigan, Tinian, Wake

PNMN 2014: French Frigate Shoals, Lisianski, Midway

Time Frame 3
2015-01-29 - 2015-08-21

American Samoa and Pacific Remote Island Areas 2015: Baker, Howland, Jarvis, Johnston, Kingman, Palmyra, Ofu & Olosega, Rose, Swains, Tau, Tutuila.

PMNM 2015: French Frigate Shoals, Kure, Laysan, Lisianski, Maro, Midway, Pearl and Hermes

Time Frame 4
2019-04-21 - 2019-08-06

Main Hawaiian Islands 2019: Hawaii, Maui, Kahoolawe, Molokai, Lanai, Oahu, Kauai, Niihau

Time Frame 5
2016-05-01 - 2016-09-27

Hawaiian Archipelago 2016: Hawaii, Maui, Kahoolawe, Lanai, Molokai, Oahu, Kauai, Niihau, French Frigate Shoals, Kure, Lisianski, Pearl and Hermes

American Samoa and Pacific Remote Island Areas 2016: Jarvis, Rose

Time Frame 6
2017-04-02 - 2017-09-27

Mariana Archipelago 2017: Agrihan, Aguijan, Alamagan, Asuncion, Farallon de Pajaros, Guam, Guguan, Jarvis, Maug, Pagan, Rota, Saipan, Sarigan, Tinian, Wake.

PMNM 2017: French Frigate Shoals, Kure, Laysan, Lisianksi, Midway, Pearl and Hermes.

Time Frame 7
2018-06-08 - 2018-08-11

American Samoa and Pacific Remote Island Areas 2018: Baker, Howland, Jarvis, Kingman, Palmyra, Ofu & Olosega, Rose, Swains, Tau, Tutuila

Time Frame 8
2022-05-10 - 2022-06-01

Mariana Archipelago 2022: Asuncion, Guam, Maug, Pagan, Rota, Saipan, Tinian

Time Frame 9
2023-03-15 - 2023-08-08

American Samoa and Pacific Remote Island Areas 2023. Islands visited: Tutuila, Ofu and Olosega, Tau, Swains, Rose Atoll, Howland, and Baker Islands.

Item Identification

Title: National Coral Reef Monitoring Program: Coral demographic data (adult and juvenile corals, species, colony length, condition, etc.) collected during Stratified Random Surveys (StRS) across the US Pacific since 2013 derived from in-situ diver surveys and structure-from-motion imagery
Short Name: NCRMP: US Pacific Coral Demography
Status: On Going
Creation Date: 2024
Revision Date: 2024
Abstract:

The data described here result from benthic coral demographic surveys within belt transects of specified length and width for two life stages (juveniles and adults) across the US Pacific since 2013. This data is collected as part of the NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC) and Ecosystem Sciences Division (ESD; formerly the Coral Reef Ecosystem Division) led National Coral Reef Monitoring Program (NCRMP) missions around the Mariana Archipelago, American Samoa, Pacific Remote Island Areas, and the Hawaiian Archipelago since 2013.

The in-situ diver coral demographic surveys are part of the Rapid Ecological Assessment (REA) surveys for corals and fish conducted during ESD-led NCRMP missions. From 2013 to 2017, a two-stage stratified random sampling (StRS) design was used to survey the coral reef ecosystems across sub-island sectors and three depth strata (shallow: 0-6m, mid: 6-18m and deep: >18m). Starting in 2018 a one-stage StRS design was employed. These sites represent a broad range of depths (1-25 m), habitat types (aggregate reef, patch reef, pavement, rock and boulder and rubble), coral cover, and diving conditions. Allocation of sampling effort was proportional to strata area and variance in coral density. The StRS design effectively reduces estimate variance through stratification using environmental covariates and by sampling more sites rather than sampling more transects at a site. Therefore, site-level estimates and site to site comparisons should be used with caution.

Starting in 2023 coral demographic data was also derived by the GIS analysis of benthic Structure from Motion (SfM) imagery. The source imagery was collected during in-water surveys conducted by divers, and is documented separately here: https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/63095.During each SfM survey, an 18m transect line was deployed along the isobath and photographed using underwater cameras while swimming in a back and forth swim pattern for later processing. At depths of 0-18m, SfM surveys were conducted over a 3 x 20m area and at depths >18m, a 3 x 13m area was surveyed, both with the transect running down the middle of the survey area. The photographs were processed using Agisoft Metashape software to generate orthomosaic images that were analyzed in ArcGIS for juvenile and adult coral colony demographic metrics.

The data provide information on adult coral colony counts, morphology, size, partial mortality (old and recent dead), presence and causation of disease and other compromised health conditions, including bleaching. Juvenile colony surveys include morphology and size. Taxonomic identification of adult colonies is to the lowest taxonomic level possible and genus level for juveniles. Some segment observations were repeated for internal quality control starting in 2019, and indicated with a repeat segment flag and transectnum = -999; use column OG_OR_RPT_SEG to filter for only original segments. Refer to data dictionaries for details on column conditions.

The raw data also include individual observations of crustose coralline algae diseases and Alcyonarian disease type and lesion size as well as the presence of other Anthozoans, such as other cnidarians including Alcyonareans, Zoantharians, Corallimorpharians, and Antipatharians (does not apply to PMNM surveys conducted in 2014 and 2015 or surveys conducted after 2017).

Purpose:

The National Coral Reef Monitoring Program (NCRMP) details a long-term approach to provide an ecosystem perspective via monitoring climate, fish, benthic, and socioeconomic variables in a consistent and integrated manner. The NCRMP coordinates various Coral Reef Conservation Coral Reef Program (CRCP) biological, physical, and human dimensions activities into a cohesive NOAA-wide effort. Through the implementation of the NCRMP, NOAA is able to clearly and concisely communicate results of national-scale monitoring to national, state, and territorial policy makers, resource managers, and the public on a periodic basis.

Notes:

This metadata record consolidates four metadata records for coral demography from different Pacific Islands Regions which are be referenced under 'Related Items'

Taxa codes/names and their genera can be updated over time. See reference table for taxonomic name changes.

Other Citation Details:

Winston M, Couch C, Ferguson M, Huntington B, Swanson D, Vargas-Angel B. 2019. Ecosystem Sciences Division Standard Operating Procedures: Data Collection for Rapid Ecological Assessment Benthic Surveys, 2018 Update. NOAA Tech. Memo. NOAA-TM-NMFS-PIFSC-92, 66 p. doi:10.25923/w1k2-0y84

Suka R, Asbury M, Couch C, Gray A, Winston M, Oliver T. 2019. Processing Photomosaic Imagery of Coral Reefs Using Structure-from-Motion Standard Operating Procedures. U.S. Dept. of Commerce, NOAA Technical Memorandum NOAA-TM-NMFS-PIFSC-93, 54 p. doi:10.25923/h2q8-jv47

Couch CS, Oliver, TA, Suka R, Lamirand M, Asbury M, Amir C, Vargas-Angel B, Winston M, Huntington B, Lichowski F, Halperin A, Gray A, Garriques J, & Samson J. 2021. Comparing coral colony surveys from in-water observations and structure-from-motion imagery shows low methodological bias. Frontiers in Marine Science, 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.647943

Charendoff J.A., Couch C, Oliver T, Lamirand M, Amir C, Basden I, Torres-Pulliza D, Asbury M, Winston M, Huntington B, Lichowski F, Osborn N, Ehrenberg J, Garriques J, Samson J. 2023. Comparing coral demographic surveys from in situ observations and structure-from-motion photogrammetry on high diversity reefs shows low methodological bias but highlights persistent areas of concern. U.S. Dept. of Commerce, NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-PIFSC-153,52 52 p. doi:10.25923/8r7f-t404

Torres-Pulliza D, Charendoff J, Couch CS, Suka R, Gray A, Lichowski F, Amir C, Lamirand M, Asbury M, Winston M, Basden I, Oliver T 2024. Processing Coral Reef Imagery Using Structure-from-Motion Photogrammetry: Standard Operating Procedures (2023 Update) U.S. Dept. of Commerce, NOAA Technical Memorandum NOAA-TM-NMFS-PIFSC-159, 91 p. https://doi.org/10.25923/cydj-z260

Supplemental Information:

The NOAA National Coral Reef Monitoring Program (NCRMP) details a long term approach to provide an ecosystem perspective via monitoring climate, fish, benthic, and socioeconomic variables in a consistent and integrated manner. The NCRMP coordinates various NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program (CRCP) biological, physical, and human dimensions activities into a cohesive NOAA-wide effort. Through the implementation of the NCRMP, NOAA is able to clearly and concisely communicate results of national-scale monitoring to national, state, and territorial policy makers, resource managers, and the public on a periodic basis.

NCRMP is a framework for conducting sustained observations of biological, climate, and socioeconomic indicators at 10 priority coral reefs across the U.S. and its territories. This integrated approach consolidates monitoring of coral reefs under a uniform method in the Pacific, Atlantic, Caribbean, and the Gulf of Mexico for the first time. NCRMP is funded by the CRCP and supported by NOAA Fisheries, NOAA National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS), and many other partners. The PIFSC Ecosystem Sciences Division (ESD) at NOAA Fisheries is leading biological monitoring in the U.S. Pacific Islands Region.

The biological component of NCRMP in the Pacific provides a triennial ecological characterization at a broad spatial scale of general reef condition for reef fishes, corals and benthic habitat (i.e., fish species composition/density/size, benthic cover, and coral density/size/condition). Innovative analysis techniques are then used to develop products that give fellow scientists, managers, decision makers and the public a better understanding of a region's resources and how they are changing over time.

DOI (Digital Object Identifier): https://doi.org/10.25921/5QSA-Z057
DOI Registration Authority: NOAA

Keywords

Theme Keywords

Thesaurus Keyword
Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords
EARTH SCIENCE > BIOSPHERE > ECOSYSTEMS > MARINE ECOSYSTEMS > BENTHIC
Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords
EARTH SCIENCE > BIOSPHERE > ECOSYSTEMS > MARINE ECOSYSTEMS > REEF > CORAL REEF
ISO 19115 Topic Category
biota
UNCONTROLLED
CoRIS Discovery Thesaurus Numeric Data Sets > Benthic
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Ecological Dynamics > Species Richness
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Coral Condition
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Coral Diseases > Bleaching
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Coral Colony Size and Condition
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Rapid assessment studies
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Scleractinia (stony corals)
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs > Coral Reef Ecology
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs > Coral Reef Ecology > BioDiversity
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Marine Biology > Coral
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Marine Biology > Coral Communities
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus NEARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Photographic Analysis
CRCP Project 743
CRCP Project National Coral Reef Monitoring Program
ISO 19115 Topic Category 002
ISO 19115 Topic Category biota
NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS CORAL
NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS CORAL - CENSUS
NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS CORAL - COLONY SIZE
NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS CORAL - SPECIES IDENTIFICATION
NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS derived products
NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS GIS product
NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS in situ
NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS laboratory analysis
NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS survey
NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS survey - biological
NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS survey - coral reef
NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS survey - swimmer/diver
NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS visual observation
NODC PROJECT NAMES THESAURUS Coral Reef Conservation Program
NODC PROJECT NAMES THESAURUS CORAL REEF STUDIES
NODC PROJECT NAMES THESAURUS National Coral Reef Monitoring Program
NODC SUBMITTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS US DOC; NOAA; NMFS; Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center; Ecosystem Sciences Division
None belt transect
None Coral Belt Survey
None Coral Demography
None Coral Disease
None Coral Reef Ecosystem Division
None Coral Reef Ecosystem Program
None CRED
None CREP
None Ecosystem Sciences Division
None ESD
None Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center
None PIFSC
None RAMP
None Reef Assessment and Monitoring Program
None SfM
None Structure from Motion

Temporal Keywords

Thesaurus Keyword
UNCONTROLLED
None Triennial

Spatial Keywords

Thesaurus Keyword
Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords
OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > CENTRAL PACIFIC OCEAN > AMERICAN SAMOA
Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords
OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > CENTRAL PACIFIC OCEAN > HAWAIIAN ISLANDS
Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords
OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > CENTRAL PACIFIC OCEAN > UNITED STATES MINOR OUTLYING ISLANDS
Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords
OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > WESTERN PACIFIC OCEAN > MICRONESIA > GUAM
Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords
OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > WESTERN PACIFIC OCEAN > MICRONESIA > NORTHERN MARIANA ISLANDS
UNCONTROLLED
CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > Northern Mariana Islands > Aguihan > Aguihan Island (Aguijan) (14N145E0006)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > Northern Mariana Islands > Asuncion Island > Asuncion Island (19N145E0001)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > Northern Mariana Islands > Maug > Maug Island (20N145E0001)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > Northern Mariana Islands > Northern Mariana Islands > Northern Mariana Islands ( CNMI ) (18N146E0000)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > Northern Mariana Islands > Pagan > Pagan Island (18N145E0001)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > Northern Mariana Islands > Rota > Rota Island ( Luta ) (14N145E0007)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > Northern Mariana Islands > Saipan > Saipan Island (15N145E0002)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > Northern Mariana Islands > Sarigan Island > Sarigan Island (16N145E0003)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > Northern Mariana Islands > Tinian > Tinian Island (14N145E0005)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > American Samoa > American Samoa > American Samoa (14S170W0000)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > American Samoa > American Samoa > Ofu Island (14S169W0013)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > American Samoa > American Samoa > Olosega Island (14S169W0014)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > American Samoa > American Samoa > Rose Atoll (14S168W0001)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > American Samoa > American Samoa > Swains Atoll (11S171W0001)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > American Samoa > American Samoa > Ta'u Island (14S169W0012)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > American Samoa > American Samoa > Tutuila Island (14S170W0016)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Guam > Guam (13N144E0000)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Hawaii > Hawaii (21N160W0000)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Hawaii > Hawaii Island (19N155W0003)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Hawaii > Kauai Island (22N159W0001
CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Hawaii > Molokai Island (21N157W0001)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > French Frigate Shoals (24N166W0001)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > Kure Atoll (28N178W0001)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > Lisianski Island (25N173W0001)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands (28N178W0000)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > Oahu (21N157W0003)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > Pearl and Hermes Reef (27N176W0001)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Kalawao > Kahoolawe Island (20N156W0001)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Kauai > Niihau Island (21N160W0001)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Maui > Lanai Island (20N156W0002
CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Maui > Maui Island (20N156W0004
CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaiian Islands (21N157W0027)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > USA Minor Outlying Islands > Baker Island (00N176W0001)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > USA Minor Outlying Islands > Howland Island (00S176W0001)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > USA Minor Outlying Islands > Jarvis Island (00S160W0001)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > USA Minor Outlying Islands > Johnston Atoll (16N169W0001)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > USA Minor Outlying Islands > Kingman Reef (06N162W0001)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > USA Minor Outlying Islands > Palmyra Atoll (05N162W0001)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > USA Minor Outlying Islands > Wake Atoll (19N167E0001)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > American Samoa > American Samoa (14S170W0000)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > American Samoa > Rose Atoll (14S168W0001)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > American Samoa > Swains Atoll (11S171W0001)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > American Samoa > Tutuila Island (14S170W0016)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean
CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Baker Island > Baker Island (00N176W0001)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands (21N157W0027)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Hawaii > Hawaii (21N160W0000
CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Hawaii Island > Hawaii Island (19N155W0003
CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Kahoolawe Island > Kahoolawe Island (20N156W0001)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Kauai Island > Kauai Island (22N159W0001)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Lanai Island > Lanai Island (20N156W0002)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Maui Island > Maui Island (20N156W0004)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Molokai Island > Molokai Island (21N157W0001)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Niihau Island > Niihau Island (21N160W0001)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Oahu Island > Oahu (21N157W0003)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Howland Island > Howland Island (00S176W0001
CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Johnston Atoll > Johnston Atoll (16N169W0001)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Line Islands > Jarvis Island (00S160W0001)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Line Islands > Kingman Reef (06N162W0001)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Line Islands > Palmyra Atoll (05N162W0001)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands (28N178W0000)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands > French Frigate Shoals (24N166W0001)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands > Kure Atoll (28N178W0001)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands > Lisianski Island (25N173W0001)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands > Pearl and Hermes Reef (27N176W0001)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Wake Atoll > Wake Atoll (19N167E0001)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Manu'a Group > Ofu Island (14S169W0013)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Manu'a Group > Olosega Island (14S169W0014)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Manu'a Group > Ta'u Island (14S169W0012)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Western Pacific Ocean > Aguihan Island Reefs > Aguihan Island (Aguijan) (14N145E0006)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Western Pacific Ocean > Asuncion Island > Asuncion Island (19N145E0001)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Western Pacific Ocean > Mariana Archipelago > Northern Mariana Islands ( CNMI ) (18N146E0000)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Western Pacific Ocean > Maug Island > Maug Island (20N145E0001)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Western Pacific Ocean > Pagan Island > Pagan Island (18N145E0001)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Western Pacific Ocean > Rota Island > Rota Island ( Luta ) (14N145E0007)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Western Pacific Ocean > Saipan Island > Saipan Island (15N145E0002)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Western Pacific Ocean > Sarigan Island > Sarigan Island (16N145E0003)
CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Western Pacific Ocean > Tinian Island Reefs > Tinian Island (14N145E0005)
NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS Coastal Waters of Hawaii
NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS Equatorial Pacific Ocean
NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS Marianas Trench Marine National Monument
NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS Northwest Pacific
NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS Pacific Remote Islands Marine National Monument
NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS Papahanaumokuakea Marine National Monument
NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS Rose Atoll Marine National Monument
NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS South Pacific Ocean
NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS: Central Pacific Ocean
NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS: North Pacific Ocean
None American Samoa
None CNMI
None Commonwealth of the Northern Marianas Islands
None Main Hawaiian Islands
None Marianas
None MHI
None Northwestern Hawaiian Islands
None NWHI
None Pacific Remote Island Areas
None PMNM
None PRIA
None PRIMNM

Instrument Keywords

Thesaurus Keyword
UNCONTROLLED
NODC INSTRUMENT TYPES THESAURUS photograph
NODC INSTRUMENT TYPES THESAURUS scale

Platform Keywords

Thesaurus Keyword
UNCONTROLLED
NODC PLATFORM NAMES THESAURUS HI'IALAKAI
NODC PLATFORM NAMES THESAURUS OSCAR ELTON SETTE
NODC PLATFORM NAMES THESAURUS RAINIER
NODC PLATFORM NAMES THESAURUS small boat

Physical Location

Organization: Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center
City: Honolulu
State/Province: HI
Country: USA

Data Set Information

Data Set Scope Code: Data Set
Data Set Type: CSV Files
Maintenance Frequency: Annually
Maintenance Note:

As more data are generated, we will continue to update this record.

Data Presentation Form: Table (digital)
Entity Attribute Overview:

Dataset includes metadata for each survey site (site information, survey date and location); site characteristics (depth, reef type, habitat); data collection method (Diver or SfM); individual adult and juvenile coral observations identified to the lowest taxonomic level possible (usually species) including morphology, empirical size measurement, and all other recorded colony attributes including partial mortality and condition. The raw data also include individual observations of crustose coralline algae diseases and Alcyonarian disease recorded disease type and lesion size (does not apply to surveys conducted after 2017). Finally, the third type of raw data include presence of other Anthozoans, such as other cnidarians including Alcyonareans, Zoantharians, Corallimorpharians, and Antipatharians (does not apply to PMNM surveys conducted in 2014 and 2015 or surveys conducted after 2017).

Juvenile Coral Annotations Data Dictionary

https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/63244

Adult Coral Annotations Data Dictionary

https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/63239

Reference table for genus and species codes data dictionary

https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/72887

Distribution Liability:

While every effort has been made to ensure that these data are accurate and reliable within the limits of the current state of the art, NOAA cannot assume liability for any damages caused by errors or omissions in the data, nor as a result of the failure of the data to function on a particular system. NOAA makes no warranty, expressed or implied, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty.

Data Set Credit: NOAA Fisheries, ESD and funded by the NOAA CRCP

Support Roles

Data Set Credit

CC ID: 1282925
Date Effective From: 2013
Date Effective To:
Contact (Organization): NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program (CRCP)
Address: 1305 East West Highway 10th Floor
Silver Spring, MD 20910-3281
Phone: (301) 713-3155
URL: https://coralreef.noaa.gov

Data Steward

CC ID: 1282930
Date Effective From: 2023
Date Effective To:
Contact (Person): Charendoff, Jonathan
Email Address: jonathan.charendoff@noaa.gov

Distributor

CC ID: 1282928
Date Effective From: 2023
Date Effective To:
Contact (Organization): NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI)
Email Address: ncei.info@noaa.gov
URL: NCEI Contact Information

Metadata Contact

CC ID: 1282929
Date Effective From: 2023
Date Effective To:
Contact (Person): Luers, Lori H
Address: 1845 Wasp Blvd.
Honolulu, HI 96818
USA
Email Address: lori.luers@noaa.gov

Originator

CC ID: 1282924
Date Effective From: 2013
Date Effective To:
Contact (Organization): Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC)
Address: 1845 Wasp Blvd.
Honolulu, HI 96818
USA
Email Address: pifsc.info@noaa.gov
Phone: 808-725-5360
URL: https://www.pifsc.noaa.gov
Business Hours: 8:00 a.m. - 4:30 p.m.

Point of Contact

CC ID: 1282926
Date Effective From: 2023
Date Effective To:
Contact (Person): Oliver, Thomas
Address: 1845 Wasp Blvd.
Honolulu, HI 96818
USA
Email Address: thomas.oliver@noaa.gov
Phone: (808)725-5444

Extents

Currentness Reference: Ground Condition

Extent Group 1

Extent Description:

U.S. Pacific Island Areas

Extent Group 1 / Geographic Area 1

CC ID: 1282960
W° Bound: 144.634585
E° Bound: -154.804172
N° Bound: 28.457971
S° Bound: -14.559759

Extent Group 1 / Time Frame 1

CC ID: 1327569
Time Frame Type: Range
Start: 2013-08-02
End: 2013-10-29
Description:

Main Hawaiian Islands 2013: Hawaii, Kauai, Lanai, Maui, Molokai, Niihau, Oahu

Extent Group 1 / Time Frame 2

CC ID: 1327570
Time Frame Type: Range
Start: 2014-03-16
End: 2014-08-26
Description:

Mariana Archipelago 2014: Aguijan, Alamagan, Asuncion, Farallon de Pajaros, Guam, Guguan, Maug, Pagan, Rota, Saipan, Sarigan, Tinian, Wake

PNMN 2014: French Frigate Shoals, Lisianski, Midway

Extent Group 1 / Time Frame 3

CC ID: 1327571
Time Frame Type: Range
Start: 2015-01-29
End: 2015-08-21
Description:

American Samoa and Pacific Remote Island Areas 2015: Baker, Howland, Jarvis, Johnston, Kingman, Palmyra, Ofu & Olosega, Rose, Swains, Tau, Tutuila.

PMNM 2015: French Frigate Shoals, Kure, Laysan, Lisianski, Maro, Midway, Pearl and Hermes

Extent Group 1 / Time Frame 4

CC ID: 1327575
Time Frame Type: Range
Start: 2019-04-21
End: 2019-08-06
Description:

Main Hawaiian Islands 2019: Hawaii, Maui, Kahoolawe, Molokai, Lanai, Oahu, Kauai, Niihau

Extent Group 1 / Time Frame 5

CC ID: 1327572
Time Frame Type: Range
Start: 2016-05-01
End: 2016-09-27
Description:

Hawaiian Archipelago 2016: Hawaii, Maui, Kahoolawe, Lanai, Molokai, Oahu, Kauai, Niihau, French Frigate Shoals, Kure, Lisianski, Pearl and Hermes

American Samoa and Pacific Remote Island Areas 2016: Jarvis, Rose

Extent Group 1 / Time Frame 6

CC ID: 1327573
Time Frame Type: Range
Start: 2017-04-02
End: 2017-09-27
Description:

Mariana Archipelago 2017: Agrihan, Aguijan, Alamagan, Asuncion, Farallon de Pajaros, Guam, Guguan, Jarvis, Maug, Pagan, Rota, Saipan, Sarigan, Tinian, Wake.

PMNM 2017: French Frigate Shoals, Kure, Laysan, Lisianksi, Midway, Pearl and Hermes.

Extent Group 1 / Time Frame 7

CC ID: 1327574
Time Frame Type: Range
Start: 2018-06-08
End: 2018-08-11
Description:

American Samoa and Pacific Remote Island Areas 2018: Baker, Howland, Jarvis, Kingman, Palmyra, Ofu & Olosega, Rose, Swains, Tau, Tutuila

Extent Group 1 / Time Frame 8

CC ID: 1327576
Time Frame Type: Range
Start: 2022-05-10
End: 2022-06-01
Description:

Mariana Archipelago 2022: Asuncion, Guam, Maug, Pagan, Rota, Saipan, Tinian

Extent Group 1 / Time Frame 9

CC ID: 1282958
Time Frame Type: Range
Start: 2023-03-15
End: 2023-08-08
Description:

American Samoa and Pacific Remote Island Areas 2023. Islands visited: Tutuila, Ofu and Olosega, Tau, Swains, Rose Atoll, Howland, and Baker Islands.

Access Information

Security Class: Unclassified
Security Classification System:

Not applicable

Security Handling Description:

Not applicable

Data Access Policy:

NOAA Ecosystem Science Division (ESD) Data Sharing Recommendations, version 9.0 updated August 12, 2015:

ESD welcomes the opportunity to collaborate on research issues contributing to the scientific basis for better management of marine ecosystems. ESD has a very diverse set of field activities that generates large volumes of data using an array of data collection protocols.

The following recommendations are for your consideration as you use this data:

1) Data analyses should take all field exigencies into account. The most effective way to do this would be active collaboration with ESD principal investigators.

2) In all presentations, product releases, or publications using data generated by ESD, proper acknowledgement of both ESD and the individuals responsible for data collection is expected. Citing the DOI (if available) is preferred, a non-DOI example is listed below.

3) If you collect or generate data for the same study areas, ESD requests that you share relevant information on complimentary data collections.

4) Those receiving data are strongly urged to inform the ESD Data Management Team of any errors and discrepancies that are discovered during the course of using these data. They are further urged to bring to the attention of the Team all problems and difficulties encountered in using these data. This information is necessary in order to improve the collections and to facilitate more efficient and economical data processing and retrieval. The users are asked to supply copies of any missing data that may be located, and to provide information as to significant subsets and special aggregations of data that are developed in using the material provided.

Example citation:

"This publication makes use of data products provided by the Ecosystem Science Division (ESD), Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), with funding support from the NOAA Ocean Acidification Program (OAP). The analysis and interpretations presented here are solely that of the current authors.

Data Access Procedure:

Data can be accessed online via the NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) Ocean Archive.

Data Access Constraints:

None

Data Use Constraints:

Please cite NOAA Fisheries, Ecosystem Science Division (ESD) when using the data.

Example:

Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, 2023: National Coral Reef Monitoring Program: Stratified Random Surveys (StRS) of Coral Demography (Adult and Juvenile Corals) across the US Pacific since 2013, https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/71550.

Metadata Access Constraints:

None

Metadata Use Constraints:

None

Distribution Information

Distribution 1

CC ID: 1282936
Start Date: 2024
End Date: Present
Download URL: http://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0298217
Distributor: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) (2023 - Present)
File Name: NCRMP_CORAL_ADU_OBS_2013-2023.csv
Description:

Metadata for each survey site (site information, survey date, and location), site characteristics (depth, reef type, habitat), data collection method (Diver or SfM) and individual adult coral colony observations identified to the lowest taxonomic level possible (usually species) including morphology, empirical size measurement, and all other recorded colony attributes including partial mortality and condition. Surveys were conducted by the NOAA Fisheries Ecosystem Sciences Division across the US Pacific from 2013 to present. Note a repeat segment flag was included in 2019 to mark those repeated for internal review. To use without repeats, filter for OG_OR_RPT= 0 or filter out TRANSECTNUM = -999. Analysis is recommended at genus level; note any changes to genus codes using the reference table provided.

Distribution Format: CSV - Comma Separated Values (Text)
File Size: 90MB

Distribution 2

CC ID: 1282937
Start Date: 2024
End Date: Present
Download URL: http://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0298217
Distributor: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) (2023 - Present)
File Name: NCRMP_CORAL_JUV_OBS_2013-2023.csv
Description:

Metadata for each survey site (site information, survey date and location), site characteristics (depth, reef type, habitat), data collection method (diver or SfM), and individual juvenile coral colony observations identified to the lowest taxonomic level possible (genus) including morphology and empirical size measurement. Surveys were conducted by the NOAA Fisheries Ecosystem Sciences Division across the US Pacific from 2013 to present. Note a repeat segment flag was included in 2019 to mark those repeated for internal review. To use without repeats, filter for OG_OR_RPT_SEG = 0 or TRANSECTNUM = -999. Analysis is recommended at genus level; note any changes to genus codes using the reference table provided.

Distribution Format: CSV - Comma Separated Values (Text)
File Size: 15MB

Distribution 3

CC ID: 1282935
Start Date: 2024
End Date: Present
Download URL: http://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0298217
Distributor: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) (2023 - Present)
File Name: REFERENCE_GENUS_SPCODE.csv
Description:

Lookup table for species and taxon codes used by the NOAA Fisheries Ecosystem Sciences Division across the US Pacific. Note: 'AAAA' is used to denote no colonies observed. Genus is provided as it is recommended that analysis is performed at that level. This table also indicates any changes to taxonomic codes that are present in the original data.

File Type (Deprecated): csv (comma-separated values)
Distribution Format: CSV - Comma Separated Values (Text)

URLs

URL 1

CC ID: 1282938
URL: https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/region/pacific-islands#science
Name: NOAA Fisheries Pacific Islands Region - Science Overview
URL Type:
Online Resource
Description:

NOAA Fisheries Website

URL 2

CC ID: 1282939
URL: https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/pacific-islands/ecosystems/coral-reefs-pacific
Name: Coral Reefs in the Pacific
URL Type:
Online Resource
File Resource Format: HTML
Description:

NOAA Fisheries Website

URL 3

CC ID: 1282940
URL: https://www.coris.noaa.gov/monitoring/
Name: National Coral Reef Monitoring Program
URL Type:
Online Resource
File Resource Format: HTML
Description:

NOAA National Coral Reef Monitoring Program (NCRMP) website.

URL 4

CC ID: 1283042
URL: https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/pacific-islands/ecosystems/coral-reefs-pacific#survey-methods
Name: Survey Methods
URL Type:
Online Resource
Description:

NOAA Fisheries, Pacific Islands website

URL 5

CC ID: 1283043
URL: ftp://ftp.nodc.noaa.gov/nodc/archive/arc0101/0157633/
Name: Benthic Monitoring Briefs since 2016
URL Type:
Online Resource
File Resource Format: PDF
Description:

NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), Ecosystem Sciences Division (ESD) Benthic Monitoring Briefs available for FTP download for surveys starting in 2016. Monitoring briefs provide timely release of a summary overview of monitoring effort and preliminary data following a research expedition led by ESD, including Pacific Reef Assessment and Monitoring Program cruises and other missions. This type of report is intended as an initial and provisional summary of the data collected, and the information contained in these briefs is subject to change.

URL 6

CC ID: 1283044
URL: https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/22060
Name: Ecosystem Sciences Division Standard Operating Procedures: Data Collection for Rapid Ecological Assessment Benthic Surveys, 2018 Update
URL Type:
Online Resource
File Resource Format: PDF
Description:

SOPs for Benthic REA Surveys from 2018

URL 7

CC ID: 1283045
URL: https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/22753
Name: Processing Photomosaic Imagery of Coral Reefs Using Structure-from-Motion Standard Operating Procedures
URL Type:
Online Resource
File Resource Format: PDF
Description:

SOP for data collection from Structure from Motion surveys.

Technical Environment

Description:

PIFSC Oracle database view: V_NCRMP_CORAL_OBS_E and V_NCRMP_CORAL_OBS_F

For SfM-derived coral demography starting in 2023, a Canon SL2 or SL3 DSLR digital camera in an Ikelite underwater housing was used to take photographs of each site. Coded markers 0.25 m long were used underwater to provide a scale and depth for each mosaic. Orthomosaic images were created using Agisoft Metashape (version 1.8.0 or later). The custom software Viscore was used for accessing raw imagery. Sampling boundaries and coral demographic measurements were created in ArcGIS Pro (version 2.8.0 or later). All statistics were performed in R (Version 4.1.2 or later).

Data Quality

Representativeness:

The data set derived from the SfM imagery is only as good as the images themselves; Images with poor resolution, poor lighting, extraneous objects (fins, etc), or blur were excluded from analysis.

Accuracy:

This data should be assessed at the genus level due to variabilities in identifying at genus or species level.

Observations were made by experienced benthic survey personnel who have been trained, undergone a series of calibration surveys and coral taxon identification testing, and have met a set of minimum standards for colony assessment and taxon identification in each region. The accuracy of species and genus level identification was high. The lowest taxonomic level of coral identification was genus except for a select number of species that were consistently identified to species by all divers conducting the surveys. The number of species may change for each survey year depending on the experience and training of the benthic divers. The list of coral species is included for each survey year. In other words, the individual records within each data set may include many more species than encompassed by the lists; however, these were not consistently identified across all surveys so these records should be assessed at the genus level.

Prior to conducting surveys, the SfM image collector was trained to swim in a back-and-forth pattern to collect imagery with 60-80% overlap. Both classroom and field training were completed before any surveys were conducted. This training ensures that all SfM image collection was conducted consistently during the mission.

Handheld GPS units were used to locate random sites and mark site locations.

Analytical Accuracy:

The taxon code AAAA is included where the segment was surveyed and no individual colonies were found in both the juvenile and adult colony records. These are true zeros. The value -9 is a placeholder or missing value for the fields: colony length, colony width (juveniles), extent, and severity.

Field Precision:

The average Ground Sample Distance (GSD, resolution/pixel) for the produced 3D Structure from Motion models was 0.21 cm/pix, allowing confident identification of coral species from the resulting high-resolution 2D orthomosaics.

Completeness Report:

Only sites from shallow water (0 to 30 meter depth range) hard-bottom habitats were annotated. At deep sites, bottom time is limited and therefore survey area is reduced from 3 x 20 m to 3 x 13 m. Therefore, shallower sites, 4 2.5 m2 segments were annotated and for deeper sites (>30 m) 3 2.5m2 segments were annotated along the central transect line. Within each 2.5 m2 segment, only 1m2 of the segment was sampled for juvenile demographic metrics and for all sites, regardless of depth, only the first three segments along the transect line were annotated.

Conceptual Consistency:

Periodic examination of the data is conducted throughout each mission to check for diver bias or other discrepancies. While data are collected by divers and from SfM imagery, the same methods were applied to both survey types.

Quality Control Procedures Employed:

Quality control of the data occurred at a few stages from data entry to data ingestion into the Oracle database. Observations, including species identification, are periodically checked during expeditions for consistency between and among divers. Data entry is usually conducted on the same day as the surveys using a data entry interface with several data controls employed, and are quality controlled by individual divers checking entry errors at a separate time. Following a mission, the data is then run through rigorous quality control checks by the data management team before the data are migrated to the Oracle database. The data is quality controlled against the physical data sheets following data entry. There are also several queries in the MS Access / Oracle database to flag errors based on pre-defined criteria. Given the size of the data set, there remains some possibility of typographical or other errors.

Prior to generating the 3D dense point clouds and 2D orthomosaics , the JPEG imagery was evaluated for image quality and images deemed unsatisfactory (e.g. overexposed, images of blue water or images of divers, or images not taken perpendicular to the reef) were removed from the image set. During annotation in ArcGIS, the original JPEG imagery was viewed alongside the orthomosaic using the Viscore Image View feature to see fine scale colony details, observe colonies from multiple angles and locate colonies not visible in the orthomosaic. Annotations created in ArcGIS were quality controlled using a multi-stage process. Data were first quality controlled in R with specific queries to identify and correct data entry errors (e.g. misspelled species names, missing segments, data in incorrect columns, partial mortality >100%). Then data were summarized to the segment-level by annotator to identify potential issues (e.g. anomalously high or low mean values for specific metrics relative to other annotators). If issues were identified for a given annotator, that annotator reviewed and corrected each site if they did find errors.

Data Management

Have Resources for Management of these Data Been Identified?: Yes
Approximate Percentage of Budget for these Data Devoted to Data Management: Unknown
Do these Data Comply with the Data Access Directive?: Yes
Is Access to the Data Limited Based on an Approved Waiver?: No
Approximate Delay Between Data Collection and Dissemination: Unknown
Actual or Planned Long-Term Data Archive Location: NCEI-MD
Approximate Delay Between Data Collection and Archiving: Unknown
How Will the Data Be Protected from Accidental or Malicious Modification or Deletion Prior to Receipt by the Archive?:

The data is captured in several locations: physical data sheets, MS Access cruise database, and PIFSC Oracle database. The physical data sheets are housed at PIFSC. The MS Access cruise database is regularly backed up by the cruise data manager while at sea. The PIFSC Oracle database is regularly backed up by PIFSC ITS.

Lineage

Lineage Statement:

Coral demographic data has been collected at stratified-random sites (StRS) across US Pacific Island Regions for the National Coral Reef Monitoring Program (NCRMP) since 2013. The methodology for selecting StRS and analyzing this data can be found in the sources listed below. The methodology has continued to evolve. Starting in 2023, some data was collected with GIS analysis alongside in-water diver surveys.

The benthic SfM survey methodology, employed by the NOAA Ecosystem Sciences Division (ESD), began in 2019. Benthic imagery is collected at stratified random sites and generated into orthomosaic images using Agisoft Metashape software. Orthomosaics are imported into ArcGIS for annotation. Annotation of SfM belt orthomosaics is modelled after in situ diver adult and juvenile coral belt surveys employed by the PIFSC Ecosystem Sciences Division and includes coral species identification, maximum diameter measurement, partial mortality estimates, and disease and condition identification.

Sources

Burns J, Delparte D, Gates R, Takabayashi M. 2015. Integrating structure-from-motion photogrammetry with geospatial software as a novel technique for quantifying 3D ecological characteristics of coral reefs. PeerJ 3:e1077

CC ID: 1282947
Contact Role Type: Publisher
Contact Type: Person
Contact Name: John Burns
Publish Date: 2015-07-07
Citation URL: https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.1077
Citation URL Name: PeerJ
Citation URL Description:

This study utilized SfM 3D reconstruction software tools to create textured mesh models of a reef at French Frigate Shoals, an atoll in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands. The reconstructed orthophoto and digital elevation model were then integrated with geospatial software in order to quantify metrics pertaining to 3D complexity. The resulting data provided high-resolution physical properties of coral colonies that were then combined with live cover to accurately characterize the reef as a living structure. The 3D reconstruction of reef structure and complexity can be integrated with other physiological and ecological parameters in future research to develop reliable ecosystem models and improve capacity to monitor changes in the health and function of coral reef ecosystems.

Couch CS, Oliver, TA, Suka R, Lamirand M, Asbury M, Amir C, Vargas-Angel B, Winston M, Huntington B, Lichowski F, Halperin A, Gray A, Garriques J, & Samson J. 2021. Comparing coral colony surveys from in-water observations and structure-from-motion imagery shows low methodological bias. Frontiers in Marine Science, 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.647943

CC ID: 1282949
Contact Role Type: Originator
Contact Type: Organization
Contact Name: Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center
Publish Date: 2021-05-28
Citation URL: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2021.647943/full
Citation URL Name: Frontiers Journal
Citation URL Description:

Comparing Coral Colony Surveys From In-Water Observations and Structure-From-Motion Imagery Shows Low Methodological Bias

Source Contribution:

This study provides the first quantified methodological comparison to validate the transition from standard in-water methods to SfM survey methods for estimates of coral colony-level surveys. Here, we quantitatively compare data generated from in-water surveys to SfM-derived metrics for assessing coral demography, bleaching, and diversity in the main Hawaiian Islands as part of NOAA's National Coral Reef Monitoring Program. Our objectives were to compare between-method error to within-method error, test for bias between methods, and identify strengths and weaknesses of both methods. Colony density, average colony diameter, average partial mortality, prevalence of bleaching, species richness, and species diversity were recorded using both methods within the same survey areas. For all metrics, the magnitude of between-method error was comparable to the within-method error for the in-water method and between method error was significantly higher than within-method error for SfM for one of the seven metrics. Our results also reveal that a majority of the metrics do not vary significantly between methods, nor did we observe a significant interaction between method and habitat type or method and depth. Exceptions include estimates of partial mortality, bleaching prevalence, and Porites juvenile density though differences between methods are generally small. Our study also highlights that SfM offers a unique opportunity to more rigorously quantify and mitigate inter-observer error by providing observers unlimited bottom time and the opportunity to work together to resolve difficult annotations.

Petrovic, V, Vanoni, DJ, Richter, AM, Levy, TE, & Kuester, F. 2014. Visualizing high resolution three-dimensional and two-dimensional data of cultural heritage sites. Mediterranean Archaeology and Archaeometry, 14(4), 93-100.

CC ID: 1282950
Contact Role Type: Publisher
Contact Type: Person
Contact Name: Vid Petrovic
Publish Date: 2014-01-01
Citation URL: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/58z4j8k2
Citation URL Name: Mediterranean Archaeology and Archaeometry
Citation URL Description:

VISUALIZING HIGH RESOLUTION THREE-DIMENSIONAL AND TWO-DIMENSIONAL DATA OF CULTURAL HERITAGE SITES

Source Contribution:

The combination of 3D acquisition (terrestrial and airborne LiDAR, structured light, structure-from-motion) and 2D imaging (photographic, multispectral, panoramic, orthorectified, reflectance transformation) techniques allows the geometry, appearance and other aspects sites to be objectively documented. This study proposes a system for the direct visualization and analysis of such data, allowing the different aspects recorded to be layered together, and co-visualized with annotations and other relevant information. This study describes the required technical foundations, including gigapoint and gigapixel visualization pipelines that enable the dynamic layering of high-resolution imagery over massive minimally-processed LiDAR point clouds that serve as the base spatial layer. In particular, the study introduces the pointbuffer—a GPU-resident view-dependent point cache—as the foundation of our gigapoint pipeline, and outline the use of virtual texturing for draping of gigapixel imagery onto point clouds.

Suka R, Asbury M, Couch C, Gray A, Winston M, Oliver T. 2019. Processing Photomosaic Imagery of Coral Reefs Using Structure-from-Motion Standard Operating Procedures. U.S. Dept. of Commerce, NOAA Technical Memorandum NOAA-TM-NMFS-PIFSC-93, 54 p. doi:10.25923/h2q8-jv47

CC ID: 1282946
Contact Role Type: Originator
Contact Type: Organization
Contact Name: Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center
Publish Date: 2019-12-30
Citation URL: https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/22753
Citation URL Name: NOAA Institutional Repository
Citation URL Description:

NOAA technical memorandum NMFS PIFSC

Source Contribution:

This document provides detailed procedures for collecting and processing imagery using Structure-from-Motion techniques developed by Ecosystem Sciences Division (ESD) in collaboration with Scripps Institution of Oceanography and the University of Hawaii at Hilo. These procedures are designed to efficiently generate coral demographic and benthic community metrics across the broad spatial scale of the Pacific Rapid Assessment and Monitoring Program. This pipeline consists of four key steps: (1) Image collection by SCUBA divers, (2) Data management, post-processing, and QC, (3) Generating 3-D models and 2-D orthophotos in Agisoft Metashape, and (4) Extracting demographic data in ArcMap. This SOP is the result of comprehensive testing of different camera systems, collection techniques, and software. While the following procedures are designed to meet ESD needs, we primarily use commercially available cameras and software, making these methods adaptable based on programmatic capacity and needs.

Swanson D, Bailey H, Schumacher B, Ferguson M, Vargas-Angel B. 2018. Ecosystem Sciences Division standard operating procedures: data collection for rapid ecological assessment benthic surveys. U.S. Dept. of Commerce, NOAA Technical Memorandum NOAA-TM-NMFS-PIFSC-71, 63 p. doi:10.25923/39jh-8993.

CC ID: 1282948
Publish Date: 2018-08-01
Citation URL: https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/18267
Citation URL Name: NOAA Institutional Repository
Citation URL Description:

Ecosystem Sciences Division standard operating procedures: data collection for rapid ecological assessment benthic surveys

Source Contribution:

Guidelines and procedures for implementation of sampling design, in situ survey methodology, and data entry for the monitoring of reef coral populations and benthic communities as part of the Pacific RAMP led by ESD (Swanson et al. 2018). Includes details on how to determine habitat types.

Torres-Pulliza D, Charendoff J, Couch CS, Suka R, Gray A, Lichowski F, Amir C, Lamirand M, Asbury M, Winston M, Basden I, Oliver T 2024. Processing Coral Reef Imagery Using Structure-from-Motion Photogrammetry: Standard Operating Procedures (2023 Update) U.S. Dept. of Commerce, NOAA Technical Memorandum NOAA-TM-NMFS-PIFSC-159, 91 p. https://doi.org/10.25923/cydj-z260

CC ID: 1335160
Contact Role Type: Originator
Contact Type: Organization
Contact Name: NMFS PIFSC ESD
Publish Date: 2024-04-01
Citation URL: https://doi.org/10.25923/cydj-z260
Citation URL Name: NOAA technical memorandum NMFS PIFSC
Citation URL Description:

2023 updated SOP for processing imagery using SfM.This SOP is the result of comprehensive testing of different camera systems, data collection methods, and software. The objective of this SOP revision is to provide updates incorporated in 2022 to Suka et al. (2019), including: updated model building parameters in Agisoft Metashape; refined steps to reduce error in model geometry; standardized parameters to generate consistent SfM products; and updated methods to extract demographic metrics that migrate from ArcMap to ArcGIS Pro.

Source Contribution:

Starting 2023, coral demography began being measured via SfM in addition to in-situ diver surveys. Imagery must be processed to create SfM models that then get annotated.

Winston M, Couch C, Ferguson M, Huntington B, Swanson D, Vargas-Angel B. 2019. Ecosystem Sciences Division Standard Operating Procedures: Data Collection for Rapid Ecological Assessment Benthic Surveys, 2018 Update. NOAA Tech. Memo. NOAA-TM-NMFS-PIFSC-92, 66 p. doi:10.25923/w1k2-0y84

CC ID: 1282945
Contact Role Type: Originator
Contact Type: Organization
Contact Name: Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center
Publish Date: 2020-01-31
Citation URL: https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/23951
Citation URL Name: NOAA Institutional Repository
Citation URL Description:

NOAA technical memorandum NMFS PIFSC

Source Contribution:

The objective of this document is to provide updates incorporated in 2019 to the guidelines and procedures for implementation of sampling design, survey methodology, and data entry for the monitoring of reef coral populations and benthic communities as part of the Pacific RAMP led by ESD (Swanson et al. 2018).

Process Steps

Process Step 1

CC ID: 1282951
Description:

A stratified random sampling (StRS) design was employed to survey the coral reef ecosystems through the U.S. Pacific regions. The survey domain encompassed the majority of the mapped area of reef and hard bottom habitats. The stratification scheme included island, reef zone, and depth in all regions, as well as habitat structure type in the Main Hawaiian Islands. The habitat structure types included simple, complex, and coral-rich. Depth categories of shallow (0-6 m), mid (> 6-18m) and deep (>18-30 m) were also incorporated into the stratification scheme. Allocation of sampling effort was proportional to strata area and variance in coral density. Sites were randomly selected within each stratum.

A geographic information system (GIS) and digital spatial databases of benthic habitats (NOAA National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science NCCOS), reef zones (IKONOS satellite imagery, NDGC 1998) bathymetry (NDGC 1998, CREP benthic mapping data), and marine reserve boundaries (NOAA) were used to facilitate spatial delineation of the sampling survey domain, strata, and sample units. Map resolution was such that the survey domain could be overlain by a grid using a GIS with individual cells of size 50 m by 50 m in area. A one-stage sampling scheme following Cochran (1977) was employed. Grid cells containing at least 10% hard-bottom reef habitats were designated as primary sample units (referred to as sites).

Process Contact: Oliver, Thomas
Phone (Voice): (808)725-5444
Email Address: thomas.oliver@noaa.gov
Source: Winston M, Couch C, Ferguson M, Huntington B, Swanson D, Vargas-Angel B. 2019. Ecosystem Sciences Division Standard Operating Procedures: Data Collection for Rapid Ecological Assessment Benthic Surveys, 2018 Update. NOAA Tech. Memo. NOAA-TM-NMFS-PIFSC-92, 66 p. doi:10.25923/w1k2-0y84

Process Step 2

CC ID: 1283046
Description:

At each site, benthic Rapid Ecological Assessment (REA) surveys were conducted within one 10 sq. meter belt transect. Transects were 18 meters in length. Adult coral colonies (>=5 cm) were surveyed within four (1.0 x 2.5 m) segments at 5 meter increments along the 18 meter transect in the following manner: 0-2.5 m (segment 1); 5.0-7.5 m (segment 3); 10-12.5 m (segment 5); and 15-17.5 m (segment 7). All colonies whose center fell within 0.5 m on either side of each transect line were identified to lowest taxonomic level possible (species or genus), measured for size (maximum diameter to nearest cm), and morphology was noted. In addition, partial mortality and condition of each colony was assessed. Partial mortality was estimated as percent of the colony in terms of old dead and recent dead. The cause of recent mortality was identified if possible. The condition of each colony including disease (not attributed to recent tissue loss) and bleaching was noted along with the extent (percent of colony affected) and level of severity (range from moderate to acute). The lowest taxonomic level of coral identification was genus except for a select number of species consistently identified to species by all divers conducting the surveys. The number of species may change for each survey year depending on the experience and training of the benthic divers conducting the surveys. The list of coral species is included for each survey year.

Juvenile coral colonies (<5 cm) were surveyed within three (1.0 x 1.0 m) segments along the same transect: 0-1.0 m (segment 1); 5.0-6.0 m (segment 3); and 10.0-11.0 m (segment 5). Juvenile colonies were distinguished in the field by a distinct tissue and skeletal boundary (not a fragment of a larger colony). Each juvenile colony was identified to lowest taxonomic level (genus or species) and measured for size by recording both the maximum and perpendicular diameter to the nearest 2 mm.

Process Contact: Oliver, Thomas
Phone (Voice): (808)725-5444
Email Address: thomas.oliver@noaa.gov
Source: Winston M, Couch C, Ferguson M, Huntington B, Swanson D, Vargas-Angel B. 2019. Ecosystem Sciences Division Standard Operating Procedures: Data Collection for Rapid Ecological Assessment Benthic Surveys, 2018 Update. NOAA Tech. Memo. NOAA-TM-NMFS-PIFSC-92, 66 p. doi:10.25923/w1k2-0y84

Process Step 3

CC ID: 1282952
Description:

Structure from Motion (SfM) benthic surveys were conducted by both the fish and benthic teams to record the benthic community composition. A 3 x 20 m plot was visually established centered on a transect line (at sites >18 m, a 3 x 13 m plot was visually established). 3-4 ground control points (GCPs) were placed within the plot for scale. White balance settings were adjusted in situ using a 15% gray card. JPEG images were collected using a Canon SL2 or SL3 DSLR camera in an underwater housing with a dome port. Images were collected at each site by swimming in a back-and-forth motion 1 m above the substrate capturing images continuously to achieve a 60-80% overlap.

Process Contact: Charendoff, Jonathan
Email Address: jonathan.charendoff@noaa.gov
Source: Suka R, Asbury M, Couch C, Gray A, Winston M, Oliver T. 2019. Processing Photomosaic Imagery of Coral Reefs Using Structure-from-Motion Standard Operating Procedures. U.S. Dept. of Commerce, NOAA Technical Memorandum NOAA-TM-NMFS-PIFSC-93, 54 p. doi:10.25923/h2q8-jv47

Process Step 4

CC ID: 1282953
Description:

SfM images for each site were evaluated for image quality and images deemed unsatisfactory (e.g. overexposed, images of blue water or images of divers, or images not taken perpendicular to the reef) were removed from the image set. Imagery was color and exposure corrected using Adobe Lightroom if white balance was not achieved in situ or a substantial number of images were dark, respectively. Image adjustments were batch run per site for consistent correction.

The SfM approach produces an accurately scaled, two-dimensional (2D) orthomosaic model created from the overlapping imagery. Raw imagery was imported into Agisoft Metashape software (AgiSoft Metashape Professional Version 1.6.1 or later) where images were aligned and used to build 3D dense point clouds (DPCs) following parameters described by Suka et al. (2019). DPCs were then imported into Viscore, a visualization software (Petrovic et al., 2014) where they were scaled and oriented using the GCP information. The ground sample distance (GSD) of the scaled DPC, which estimates the resolution per pixel by measuring the size of each pixel on the ground, ranged from 2-4 mm/pix. A geometrically accurate 2D projection of the DPC (orthoorthomosaic) is exported from Metashape and uploaded into ArcGIS for annotation.

Process Contact: Charendoff, Jonathan
Email Address: jonathan.charendoff@noaa.gov
Source: Suka R, Asbury M, Couch C, Gray A, Winston M, Oliver T. 2019. Processing Photomosaic Imagery of Coral Reefs Using Structure-from-Motion Standard Operating Procedures. U.S. Dept. of Commerce, NOAA Technical Memorandum NOAA-TM-NMFS-PIFSC-93, 54 p. doi:10.25923/h2q8-jv47

Process Step 5

CC ID: 1282954
Description:

In ArcGIS, each SfM site was set up for annotation by manually digitizing the transect and segments as a shapefile using the same sampling design as the PIFSC ESD-led in situ coral demography surveys, and setting up the attribute table in a geodatabase to mirror the in situ visual survey database (Swanson et al. 2018; Winston et al. 2019). To record and extract data from the orthomosaic, each coral colony was annotated following the in situ visual survey methods. Each colony was measured by digitizing a line across the maximum diameter of the colony. Coral ID (to lowest taxonomic level), estimated percent old mortality, and bleaching extent and severity were recorded. During annotation, the original JPEG imagery was viewed alongside the orthomosaic with the Viscore Image View feature to see fine scale colony details, observe colonies from multiple angles and locate colonies not visible in the orthomosaic (e.g. under ledges).

Process Contact: Charendoff, Jonathan
Email Address: jonathan.charendoff@noaa.gov
Source: Suka R, Asbury M, Couch C, Gray A, Winston M, Oliver T. 2019. Processing Photomosaic Imagery of Coral Reefs Using Structure-from-Motion Standard Operating Procedures. U.S. Dept. of Commerce, NOAA Technical Memorandum NOAA-TM-NMFS-PIFSC-93, 54 p. doi:10.25923/h2q8-jv47

Process Step 6

CC ID: 1282955
Description:

SfM derived annotations created in ArcGIS are quality controlled using a multi-stage process. Data are first exported from ArcGIS and quality controlled in R with specific queries to identify and correct data entry errors (e.g. misspelled species names, missing segments, data in incorrect columns, partial mortality >100%). Then data are summarized to the segment-level by annotator to identify potential issues (e.g. anomalously high or low mean values for specific metrics relative to other annotators). If issues are identified for a given annotator, that annotator reviews and corrects each site if they did find errors.

Process Contact: Charendoff, Jonathan
Email Address: jonathan.charendoff@noaa.gov
Source: Couch CS, Oliver, TA, Suka R, Lamirand M, Asbury M, Amir C, Vargas-Angel B, Winston M, Huntington B, Lichowski F, Halperin A, Gray A, Garriques J, & Samson J. 2021. Comparing coral colony surveys from in-water observations and structure-from-motion imagery shows low methodological bias. Frontiers in Marine Science, 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.647943

Process Step 7

CC ID: 1283047
Description:

Raw data from in situ and SfM surveys include individual colony records with the corresponding physical data which reflect the description of the site. An individual colony record for adult corals includes colony species/genus identification, morphology, maximum diameter (cm), percent old dead, percent recent dead, cause of recent dead general category, cause of recent dead specific category, condition, extent and severity.

Juvenile coral colony records include colony species/genus identification, morphology, maximum diameter (cm) and perpendicular diameter (cm).

For species level identification of adult and juvenile corals, check the species list to ensure species identification across all divers conducting the surveys.

The physical data for all records includes the following: region, island, site, date (day, month, year), latitude (dd), longitude (dd), transect, segment, segment length, segment width, minimum depth (ft), maximum depth (ft), and survey type.

Process Contact: Oliver, Thomas
Phone (Voice): (808)725-5444
Email Address: thomas.oliver@noaa.gov
Source: Winston M, Couch C, Ferguson M, Huntington B, Swanson D, Vargas-Angel B. 2019. Ecosystem Sciences Division Standard Operating Procedures: Data Collection for Rapid Ecological Assessment Benthic Surveys, 2018 Update. NOAA Tech. Memo. NOAA-TM-NMFS-PIFSC-92, 66 p. doi:10.25923/w1k2-0y84

Acquisition Information

Instruments

Instrument Unavailable Reason: Not Applicable

Platforms

Platform Unavailable Reason: Not Applicable

Catalog Details

Catalog Item ID: 71550
GUID: gov.noaa.nmfs.inport:71550
Metadata Record Created By: Lori H Luers
Metadata Record Created: 2023-11-28 21:17+0000
Metadata Record Last Modified By: Lori H Luers
Metadata Record Last Modified: 2024-10-31 21:05+0000
Metadata Record Published: 2024-10-22
Owner Org: PIFSC
Metadata Publication Status: Published Externally
Do Not Publish?: N
Metadata Last Review Date: 2022-05-11
Metadata Review Frequency: 1 Year
Metadata Next Review Date: 2023-05-11