Data From Cruise NF-09-03, April 7-20, 2009

Biologic, LADCP. CNV and TSG data collected from plankton collecting gear aboard the NOAA Ship NANCY FOSTER during cruise #NF-09-03, April 7th - April 20th, 2009 as part of the Coral Reef Ecosystem Research (CRER) project.

The United States Virgin Islands' (USVI) Grammanik Bank, located to the south of St. Thomas, is the site of multi-species spawning aggregation for economically important fish including yellowfin grouper, Nassau grouper, tiger grouper, and dog snapper. Fishing pressure at this suspected source of larval recruits prompted the Caribbean Fisheries Council in 2004 to close the bank yearly from February - April. A series of banks south of the USVI (St. Thomas and St. John) and the British Virgin Islands (BVI) provide similar habitats and spawning aggregation sites. Unfortunately, the biological and physical processes which drive production on these banks, the circulation connecting these banks, and the flows across these banks have yet to be quantified. Absent such data, management decisions (including Marine Protected Area [MPA] designations and temporary closures) are presently based on professional judgment rather than quantifiable, defensible scientific information. To address this data gap, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) scientists from the Southeast Fisheries Science Center (SEFSC) and Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML) in Miami, Florida, working with scientists from the University of the Virgin Islands (UVI) in St. Thomas will be conducting a three-year interdisciplinary research project using the R/V NANCY FOSTER to conduct biological and physical oceanographic surveys of the Virgin Islands' (VI) bank ecosystems and surrounding regional waters. The long-term sustainability of fisheries in the VI and surrounding regions will depend on a comprehensive understanding of regional spawning aggregations, larval transport, and overall larval recruitment in the study area. The project will be directed at answering one over-arching question: How are unprotected VI banks, MPAs such as the Hind Bank Marine Conservation District, seasonally closed areas such as the Grammanik Bank, and inshore areas ecologically linked via regional reef fish larval dispersal, transport, and life-history patterns? To gain the information necessary to develop more specific hypotheses, the second research cruise of this project was conducted between March 11, 2008 and March 28, 2008 aboard the R/V NANCY FOSTER. This survey sampled water properties, currents, and dispersal and transport of settlement-stage larvae in the VI and neighboring regions. It should yield not only an understanding of regional spatial variation in the supply of settlement-stage fishes, but also insights into the relative importance of Grammanik Bank and its MPAs as a source of juvenile fishes recruiting to the waters of the VI. Specifically, the cruise will address the following questions: 1) How do the abundance and composition of ichthyoplankton around Grammanik Bank and other similar banks change with space and time? 2) How much of this variation in abundance and composition can be explained by the oceanographic setting? 3) How do the oceanography and ichthyoplankton assemblages interface with the boundary areas of seasonally or permanently closed MPAs? This survey included neuston, bongo, and MOCNESS trawl tows, as well as CTDO2/LADCP casts measuring, temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, light transmission, chlorophyll, and water velocity. Continuous surface measurements of temperature, salinity, light transmission, chlorophyll, and water velocity werel also collected via the ship's flow-through system and hull-mounted ADCP. Satellite imagery of sea surface temperature, altimetry, and ocean color was used to aid in the interpretation of and extrapolation from shipboard observations. Identification and analysis of samples and shipboard data analysis commenced immediately after the cruise and should be completed by the end of 2009. Initially, the success of the project will be measured by the extent of the surveys made and the number of samples collected, as well as the utility and quality of useful information generated from analysis of the data collected. Settlement-stage larvae collected from inshore sampling will constitute another measure of success for the field study portion of this project. Determination of the utility of stable isotope analysis of these larvae will provide an additional benchmark. The synthesis of these data, to determine the location and relative importance of spawning sites, and the incorporation of this information into fisheries oceanographic models that help local resource managers in making decisions as to MPA sites and optimal seasonal closures with respect to time and place, will provide the ultimate measure of project success. In addition, it is our intention that all data generated and analyzed will be published in peer-reviewed literature. We consider this an essential step both to guarantee data quality and to assure that management decisions based on this information are defensible.

DATASET CONTRIBUTORS: Ryan Smith, Elizabeth Johns, John Lamkin, Trika Gerard (NOAA/OAR/AOML & NOAA/NMFS/SEFSC)

# name 0 = timeS: Time, Elapsed [seconds]

# name 1 = prDM: Pressure, Digiquartz [db]

# name 2 = c0S/m: Conductivity [S/m]

# name 3 = t090C: Temperature [ITS-90, deg C]

# name 4 = sbeox0V: Oxygen Voltage, SBE 43

# name 5 = c1S/m: Conductivity, 2 [S/m]

# name 6 = t190C: Temperature, 2 [ITS-90, deg C]

# name 7 = sbeox1V: Oxygen Voltage, SBE 43, 2

# name 8 = v2: Voltage 2

# name 9 = flECO-AFL: Fluorescence, Wetlab ECO-AFL/FL [mg/m^3]

# name 10 = sigma-e00: Density [sigma-theta, Kg/m^3]

# name 11 = sigma-e11: Density, 2 [sigma-theta, Kg/m^3]

# name 12 = sbeox0ML/L: Oxygen, SBE 43 [ml/l]

# name 13 = sbeox0Mm/Kg: Oxygen, SBE 43 [umol/Kg]

# name 14 = sbeox1ML/L: Oxygen, SBE 43, 2 [ml/l]

# name 15 = sbeox1Mm/Kg: Oxygen, SBE 43, 2 [umol/Kg]

# name 16 = potemp090C: Potential Temperature [ITS-90, deg C]

# name 17 = potemp190C: Potential Temperature, 2 [ITS-90, deg C]

# name 18 = svCM: Sound Velocity [Chen-Millero, m/s]

# name 19 = sal00: Salinity [PSU]

# name 20 = sal11: Salinity, 2 [PSU]

# name 21 = flag:

See the header of data file for complete description of data fields.

NOAA

Data were collected for scientific purposes only and should only be used for general scientific interest/endeavors. NOAA/OAR/AOML & NOAA/NMFS/SEFSC cannot be held liable for use of these data in any other manner.

Not applicable

Not applicable

Download from provided links

None

N/A

None

Attribute Accuracy: Data have been processed using the Sea-Bird Data Processing suite. Data have not been calibrated to bottle samples.

Horizontal Positional Accuracy: The exact location of each CTD cast is shown in the header of each data file. This location is determined from the ship's GPS and should be considered very accurate.

Positions of CTD casts recorded in the data files correspond with the beginning of each cast. As the ship may drift on station, the position of the CTD will change in time over the course of the cast. As such the position information is only accurate for the beginning of the cast (i.e. when the CTD package first enters the water). This accuracy is on the order of 10 meters.

Geographical accuracy was determined by GPS NMEA data

Vertical Positional Accuracy: pressures (depth proxy) are determined using the Sea-Bird 9plus pressure gauge.

pressures (depth proxy) are accurate to within 1db

N/A

N/A

Data is checked after it is entered into spread sheets

To be determined

Stored on a secure SEFSC server requiring authenticating in order to access