Final Economic Report for Main Hawaiian Islands Insular False Killer Whale Critical Habitat Designation

This Final Economic Report identifies and analyzes the potential economic impacts resulting from critical habitat designation for the Main Hawaiian Islands (MHI) insular false killer whales (IFKW) (Pseudorca crassidens) distinct population segment (DPS). The National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) was petitioned to list the MHI IFKW as a DPS under the Endangered Species Act (ESA) in 2009 in light of characteristics that distinguish this population from other false killer whales in Hawaiian waters, and due to declining population numbers. The DPS was listed as endangered in 2012 based on the high extinction risk of the population and insufficient conservation efforts in place to reduce that risk.