Global review of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae)

This review presents the best available scientific information for assessing the status of the humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae). It includes a description of humpback whale population structure that incorporates spatial distribution, migratory connections and genetic population differentiation. Data on abundance and trends are presented relative to population structure. Habitat conditions, threats and recovery status are discussed.

In December 1970, the humpback whale was listed as endangered under the Endangered Species Conservation Act of 1969. When the Endangered Species Act (ESA) was passed in 1973, the humpback whale was automatically  incorporated onto the ESA‟s List of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants with an endangered designation, along with all other previously listed large whale species. A Final Recovery Plan was published for the humpback whale in 1991. All humpback whale populations were listed as one global entity or species under the Act. The listing status of the various populations should reflect current and best available scientific information; hence a review is now being
undertaken.