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Groundfish Assessment Program Systematics

Fish systematic research has enabled more accurate identification of species in the eastern Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands region.

Alaska

Systematics provides data users with relative reliability guidelines of historical groundfish survey species identifications. Research will dramatically improve the species-level identifications of elasmobranchs in Alaska. Other research has included the identification of new species of skates and eelpouts.

Research

  • Anderson, M. E., D. E. Stevenson, and G. Shinohara. 2009. Systematic review of the genus Bothrocara Bean 1890 (Teleostei: Zoarcidae). Ichthyological Research 56:172- 194.
  • Baldwin, Z. H., and J. W. Orr. 2010. A new species of the snailfish genus Paraliparis (Scorpaeniformes: Liparidae) from the eastern Bering Sea. Copeia 2010:640-643.
  • Boveng, P. L., J. L. Bengtson, M. F. Cameron, S. P. Dahle, E. A. Logerwell, J. M. London, J. E. Overland, J. T. Sterling, D. E. Stevenson, B. L. Taylor, and H. L. Ziel. 2013. Status review of the Ribbon Seal (Histriophoca fasciata). U. S. Department of Commerce, NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-AFSC-255, 174 p.
  • Busby, M. S., and J. W. Orr. 2000. A pelagic basslet Howella sherborni (family Acropomatidae) off of the Aleutian Islands. Alaska Fishery Research Bulletin 6:49-53.
  • Busby, M. S., J. W. Orr, and D. M. Blood. 2006. Eggs and late-stage embryos of Allocareproctus unangas (family Liparidae) from the Aleutian Islands. Ichthyological Research 53:423-426.
  • Colway, C. and D. E. Stevenson. 2007. Confirmed records of two green sturgeon from the Bering Sea and Gulf of Alaska. Northwestern Naturalist 88:188-192.
  • Courtenay, W. R., Jr., B. B. Collette, T. E. Essington, R. Hilborn, J. W. Orr, D. Pauly, J. E. Randall, and W. F. Smith-Vaniz. 2009. Risks of introductions of marine fishes: reply to Briggs. Fisheries 34:181-186.
  • Courtenay, W. R., Jr., B. B. Collette, T. E. Essington, R. Hilborn, J. W. Orr, D. Pauly, J. E. Randall, and W. F. Smith-Vaniz. 2010. Reply to the letter from John C. Briggs. Fisheries 35:298.
  • Csepp, D. J., and D. E. Stevenson. 2006. Morphology of the bigmouth manefish (Caristius macropus) from the eastern North Pacific. Northwestern Naturalist 87:247-252.
  • Drumm, D. T., K. P. Maslenikov, R. Van Syoc, J. W. Orr, R. R. Lauth, D. E. Stevenson, and T. W. Pietsch. In press. An annotated checklist of the marine macroinvertebrates of Alaska. NOAA Professional Papers, 911 ms pp.
  • Drumm, D. T., R. R. Lauth, R. N. Clark, and J. W. Orr. 2013. Northern range extensions and biological notes for three decapods in the eastern North Pacific. Crustaceana 86:1572- 1585.
  • Erickson, D. L., E. K. Pikitch, and J. W. Orr. 1991. Northern range extension for the Squarespot Rockfish, Sebastes hopkinsi. California Fish and Game 77:51-52.
  • Gardner, J. R., J. W. Orr, D. E. Stevenson, I. Spies, and D. A. Somerton. 2016. Reproductive parasitism between distant phyla: molecular identification of snailfish (Liparidae) egg masses in the gill cavities of king crabs (Lithodidae). Copeia 104:645-657.
  • Hilton, E. J., and D. E. Stevenson. 2013. Osteology of the prowfish, Zaprora silenus (Perciformes: Zoarcoidei: Zaproridae). Journal of Morphology 274:1143-1163.
  • Hoff, G. R., D. E. Stevenson, and J. W. Orr. 2015. Guide to the gadiform fishes of the eastern North Pacific. U.S. Department of Commerce, NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFSAFSC-309, 68 p.
  • Kai, Y., D. E. Stevenson, Y. Ueda, T. Hamatsu, and T. Nakabo. 2014. Molecular insights into geographic and morphological variation within the Eumicrotremus asperrimus species complex (Cottoidei: Cyclopteridae). Ichthyological Research, 24 Dec 2014.
  • Kai, Y., J. W. Orr, K. Sakai, and T. Nakabo. 2011. Genetic and morphological evidence for cryptic diversity in the Careproctus rastrinus species complex (Teleostei: Liparidae) of the North Pacific. Ichthyological Research 58:143-154.
  • Kai, Y., K. Sakai, J. W. Orr, and T. Nakabo. 2011. Secondary contact in the Sea of Japan: a case of the Careproctus rastrinus species complex (Liparidae). Ichthyological Research 58:366-369.
  • Kai, Y., N. Muto, T. Noda, J. W. Orr, and T. Nakabo. 2013. First record of a rockfish (Sebastidae), Sebastes melanops, from the western North Pacific, with comments on its synonymy. (Osteichthyes: Scorpaenoidei: Sebastidae). Species Diversity 18:175-182.
  • Kamikawa, D. J. and D. E. Stevenson. 2010. Aldrovandia oleosa (Notacanthiformes: Halosauridae): first record from the eastern North Pacific. California Fish and Game 96:216-220.
  • Kenaley, C. P., and J. W. Orr. 2006. Rouleina attrita (Teleostei: Osmeriformes: Alepocephalidae): new records for the eastern North Pacific and Bering Sea. Ichthyological Research 53:200-202.
  • Kendall, A. W., Jr., and J. W. Orr. 2001. Identification and systematics of rockfishes (Sebastes) in the northeast Pacific Ocean. Alaska Fisheries Science Center Quarterly Report Jan-Feb-Mar 2001, Feature Article, pp. 1-8.
  • Laman, E. A., and J. W. Orr. 2011. First record of an Aurora Rockfish, Sebastes aurora, from Alaskan waters. Northwestern Naturalist 92:230-232.
  • Lannoo, M. J., J. T. Eastman, and J. W. Orr. 2009. Nervous and sensory systems in sub-Arctic and Antarctic snailfishes of the genus Paraliparis (Teleostei: Scorpaeniformes: Liparidae). Copeia 2009:733-740.
  • Logerwell, E. A., K. Aydin, S. Barbeaux, E. Brown, M. E. Conners, S. Lowe, J. W. Orr, I. Ortiz, R. Reuter, L. Schaufler, and P. Spencer. 2005. Geographic patterns in the demersal ichthyofauna of the Aleutian Islands shelf. Fisheries Oceanography 14(Supplement 1):1-20.
  • Mace, P. M., A. W. Bruckner, N. K. Daves, J. R. Hunter, N. E. Kohler, R. G. Kope, R. A. MacIntosh, M. W. Miller, J. W. Orr, R. S. Otto, T. D. Smith, N. B. Thompson. 2002. NMFS/Interagency Working Group Evaluation of CITES Criteria and Guidelines. U.S. Department of Commerce, NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-F/SPO-58. 70 p.
  • Maslenikov, K. P., J. W. Orr, and D. E. Stevenson. 2013. Range extensions and significant distributional records for 82 species of fishes in Alaskan marine waters. Northwestern Naturalist 94:1-21.
  • Matarese, A., I. Spies, M. S. Busby and J. W. Orr. 2011. Early larvae of Zesticelus profundorum (family Cottidae) identified using DNA barcoding. Ichthyological Research 58:170-174.
  • Miya, M., T. W. Pietsch, J. W. Orr, T. P. Satoh, H.-C. Ho, R. Arnold, A. M. Shedlock, M. Shimazaki, M. Yabe, and M. Nishida. 2010. Evolutionary history of anglerfishes (Teleostei: Lophiiformes): a mitogenomic perspective. BMC Evolutionary Biology 10:58.
  • Okamoto, M., and D. E. Stevenson. 2015. Records of two manefishes, Platyberyx andriashevi and P. rhyton(Teleostei: Perciformes: Caristiidae), from off the Ogasawara Islands, Japan. Species Diversity 20:13-17.
  • Okamoto, M., D. E. Stevenson, and H. Motomura. 2014. First record of Paracaristius maderensis from the central North Pacific and a second specimen of Platyberyx rhyton (Perciformes: Caristiidae). Biogeography 16:23-29.
  • Orr, J. W. 1991. A new species of the ceratioid anglerfish genus Oneirodes (Oneirodidae) from the western North Atlantic, with a revised key to the genus. Copeia 1991:1024-1031.
  • Orr, J. W. 1995. Phylogenetic relationships of gasterosteiform fishes (Teleostei: Acanthomorpha). Ph.D. dissertation, University of Washington, Seattle, 811 pp.
  • Orr, J. W. 1999. Fishes. In: Microsoft Encarta Encyclopedia, CD and on-line editions until present. Microsoft Corp., Redmond, Washington.
  • Orr, J. W. 2004. Lopholiparis flerxi, a new genus and species of snailfish (Scorpaeniformes: Liparidae) from the Aleutian Islands, Alaska. Copeia 2004:551-555.
  • Orr, J. W. 2012. Two new species of Careproctus (Scorpaeniformes: Liparidae) from the eastern North Pacific. Copeia 2012:257-265.
  • Orr, J. W. 2015. [Review of] A Guide to the Rockfishes, Thornyheads, and Scorpionfishes of the Northeast Pacific. John L. Butler, Milton S. Love, and Tom E. Laidig. University of California Press, Berkeley. Fisheries 40:111.
  • Orr, J. W. 2016. Two new species of Careproctus (Liparidae) from the Aleutian Islands. Copeia 104:890-896.
  • Orr, J. W. In press. Achiridae: American Soles, 20 ms pages. In: North American Freshwater Fishes: Evolution, Ecology, and Behavior. M. Warren and B. Burr (eds.), Johns Hopkins University Press.
  • Orr, J. W. In press. Paralichthyidae: Sand Flounders, 20 ms pages. In: North American Freshwater Fishes: Evolution, Ecology, and Behavior. M. Warren and B. Burr (eds.), Johns Hopkins University Press
  • Orr, J. W. In press. Pleuronectidae: Righteye Flounders, 30 ms pages. In: North American Freshwater Fishes: Evolution, Ecology, and Behavior. M. Warren and B. Burr (eds.), Johns Hopkins University Press.
  • Orr, J. W., and A. C. Matarese. 2000. Revision of the genus Lepidopsetta Gill, 1862 (Teleostei: Pleuronectidae) based on larval and adult morphology, with a description of a new species from the North Pacific Ocean and Bering Sea. Fishery Bulletin 98:539-582.
  • Orr, J. W., and D. C. Baker. 1996. New North American records of the North Pacific scorpaenids Adelosebastes latens and Sebastes glaucus. Alaska Fishery Research Bulletin 3:94-102.
  • Orr, J. W., and D. C. Baker. 1996. Southern range extension of the Harlequin Rockfish, Sebastes variegatus (Scorpaenidae). California Fish and Game 82:133-136.
  • Orr, J. W., and J. E. Blackburn. 2004. The dusky rockfishes (Teleostei: Scorpaeniformes) of the North Pacific Ocean: resurrection of Sebastes variabilis (Pallas, 1814) and a redescription of Sebastes ciliatus (Tilesius, 1813). Fishery Bulletin 102:328-348.
  • Orr, J. W., and K. P. Maslenikov. 2007. Two new variegated snailfishes of the genus Careproctus (Teleostei: Scorpaeniformes: Liparidae) from the Aleutian Islands, Alaska. Copeia 2007:699-710.
  • Orr, J. W., and M. S. Busby. 2001. Prognatholiparis ptychomandibularis, a new genus and species of the fish family Liparidae (Teleostei: Scorpaeniformes) from the Aleutian Islands, Alaska. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 114:51-57.
  • Orr, J. W., and M. S. Busby. 2006. Revision of the snailfish genus Allocareproctus Pitruk and Federov (Teleostei: Liparidae), with the description of four new species from the Aleutian Islands. Zootaxa 1173:1-37.
  • Orr, J. W., and R. A. Fritzsche. 1993. Revision of the ghost pipefishes, family Solenostomidae (Teleostei: Syngnathoidei). Copeia 1993:168-182.
  • Orr, J. W., and R. A. Fritzsche. 1997. Solenostomus tuticoriensis Venkataramanujam, Venkataramani, and Devaraj, 1993, a junior synonym of Macrorhamphosodes platycheilus Fowler, 1934 (Tetraodontiformes: Triacanthodidae). Copeia 1997:888-889.
  • Orr, J. W., and R. Reuter. 2002. Sebastes ciliatus, p. 151-153. In: M. Love, M. Yoklavich, and L. Thorsteinson, Rockfishes of the Northeast Pacific Ocean. University of California Press, Los Angeles.
  • Orr, J. W., and S. Hawkins. 2008. Species of the rougheye rockfish complex: resurrection of Sebastes melanostictus (Matsubara, 1934) and a redescription of Sebastes aleutianus (Jordan and Evermann, 1898) (Teleostei: Scorpaeniformes). Fishery Bulletin 106:111- 134.
  • Orr, J. W., and T. W. Pietsch. 1994. Pipefishes and their allies, pages 168-172. In: J. R. Paxton (ed.), Encyclopedia of Animals: Fishes. Weldon Owen Publishing, San Francisco.
  • Orr, J. W., and T. W. Pietsch. 1998. Pipefishes and their allies, pages 168-172. In: J. R. Paxton (ed.), Encyclopedia of Animals: Fishes, 2d Ed. Weldon Owen Publishing, San Francisco.
  • Orr, J. W., D. E. Stevenson, G. R. Hoff, I. Spies, and J. D. McEachran. 2011. Bathyraja panthera, a new species of skate (Rajidae: Arhynchobatinae) from the western Aleutian Islands, and resurrection of the subgenus Arctoraja Ishiyama. NOAA Professional Papers NMFS 11.
  • Orr, J. W., D. T. Drumm, E. A. Laman, D. E. Stevenson, and G. R. Hoff. 2014. Species identification confidence in the Gulf of Alaska and Aleutian Islands groundfish surveys (1980-2011). Alaska Fisheries Science Center Processed Report, 237 p.
  • Orr, J. W., D. T. Drumm, G. R. Hoff, and D. E. Stevenson. 2014. Species identification confidence in the Bering Sea slope groundfish surveys (1976-2010). Alaska Fisheries Science Center Processed Report, 70 p.
  • Orr, J. W., D. T. Drumm, R. J. Van Syoc, K. P. Maslenikov, T. W. Pietsch, D. E. Stevenson, and R. R. Lauth. 2013. An annotated checklist of the marine macroinvertebrates of Alaska, and an evaluation of identification confidence in RACE groundfish surveys. North Pacific Research Board Final Report 1016, 1090 p.
  • Orr, J. W., E. H. Sinclair, and W. W. Walker. 2005. Bassozetus zenkevitchi (Ophidiidae: Teleostei) and Paraliparis paucidens (Liparidae: Teleostei): new records for Alaska from the Bering Sea. Northwestern Naturalist 86:65-71.
  • Orr, J. W., M. A. Brown, and D. C. Baker. 1998. Guide to rockfishes (Scorpaenidae) of the genera Sebastes, Sebastolobus, and Adelosebastes of the northeast Pacific Ocean. U.S. Department of Commerce, NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-AFSC-95. 46 pp.
  • Orr, J. W., M. A. Brown, and D. C. Baker. 2000. Guide to rockfishes (Scorpaenidae) of the genera Sebastes, Sebastolobus, and Adelosebastes of the northeast Pacific Ocean, second edition. U.S. Department of Commerce, NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-AFSC- 658. 48 pp.
  • Orr, J. W., R. A. Fritzsche, and J. E. Randall. 2002. Solenostomus halimeda, a new species of ghost pipefish (Teleostei: Gasterosteiformes) from the Indo Pacific, with a revised key to known species of the family Solenostomidae. Aqua, Journal of Ichthyology and Aquatic Biology 5:99-108.
  • Orr, J. W., S. Wildes, Y. Kai, N. Raring, T. Nakabo, O. Katugin, and J. Guyon. 2015. Systematics of sand lances of the genus Ammodytes in the North Pacific based on molecular and morphological evidence, with the description of a new species from Japan. Fishery Bulletin 113:129-156.
  • Orr, J. W., Y. Kai, and T. Nakabo. 2015. Snailfishes of the Careproctus rastrinus complex (Liparidae): Recognition of seven species in the North Pacific Ocean and its marginal seas, with the description of a new species from the Beaufort Sea. Zootaxa 4018:301- 348.
  • Paquin, M. M., A. Kagley, K. Fresh, and J. W. Orr. 2014. New records of the Night Smelt, Spirinchus starksi, in the Strait of Juan de Fuca, Washington. Northwestern Naturalist 95:40-43.
  • Pietsch, T. W., and J. W. Orr. 2006. Triglops dorothy, a new species of sculpin (Teleostei: Scorpaeniformes: Cottidae) from the southern Sea of Okhotsk. Fishery Bulletin 104(2):238-246.
  • Pietsch, T. W., and J. W. Orr. 2007. Phylogenetic relationships of deep-sea anglerfishes (Teleostei: Lophiiformes) based on morphology. Copeia 2007:1-34.
  • Pietsch, T. W., and J. W. Orr. 2015. Fishes of the Salish Sea: a compilation and distributional analysis. NOAA Professional Papers NMFS 18. 106 p.
  • Pietsch, T. W., J. W. Orr, and W. N. Eschmeyer. 2012. Mustelus felis Ayres, 1854, a senior synonym of the Leopard Shark Triakis semifasciata Girard, 1855 (Carchariniformes: Triakidae), invalidated by "Reversal of Precedence". Copeia 2012:98-99.
  • Raring, N. and D. E. Stevenson. 2010. A brief survey of the mesopelagic fishes of the Gulf of Alaska. California Fish and Game 96:188-200.
  • Saruwatari, T., I. Oohara, J. W. Orr, R. M. McDowall, and T. Kobayashi. 2000. Phylogeny of lower euteleosts reconstructed from mtDNA analysis. DNA Research 8:96-101.
  • Simpson, A. J., A. W. Kendall Jr., and J. W. Orr. 2000. Translations of the original descriptions of Sebastes by Georges Cuvier. Alaska Fisheries Science Center Processed Report 2000- 09. 24 pp.
  • Spies, I. B., S. Gaichas, D. E. Stevenson, J. W. Orr, and M. F. Canino. 2006. DNA-based identification of Alaska skates (Amblyraja, Bathyraja and Raja: Rajidae) using cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) variation. Journal of Fish Biology 69(Supplement B):283-292.
  • Spies, I., D. E. Stevenson, J. W. Orr, G. R. Hoff, and M. Canino. 2011. Molecular systematics of the skate subgenus Arctoraja (Bathyraja: Rajidae): monophyly, cryptic speciation, and genetic support for a newly described species. Ichthyological Research 58:77-83.
  • Stevenson, D. E. 2004. Identification of skates, sculpins, and smelts by observers in North Pacific groundfish fisheries (2002-2003). U.S. Department of Commerce, NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-AFSC-142, 67 p.
  • Stevenson, D. E. 2006. Stlegicottus xenogrammus Bolin, 1936 (Scorpaeniformes: Cottidae), a junior synonym of Rastrinus scutiger (Bean, 1890). Copeia 2006:792-796.
  • Stevenson, D. E. 2015. The validity of nominal species of Malacocottus (Teleostei: Cottiformes: Psychrolutidae) known from the eastern North Pacific with a key to the species. Copeia 103:22-33.
  • Stevenson, D. E. and B. A. Sheiko. 2009. Clarification of the Lycodes diapterus species complex (Perciformes: Zoarcidae), with comments on the subgenus Furcimanus. Copeia 2009:125-137.
  • Stevenson, D. E. and C. P. Kenaley. 2011. Revision of the manefish genus Paracaristius (Teleostei: Percomorpha: Caristiidae), with descriptions of a new genus and three new species. Copeia 2011:385-399.
  • Stevenson, D. E. and C. P. Kenaley. 2013. Revision of the manefish genera Caristius and Platyberyx (Teleostei: Percomorpha: Caristiidae), with descriptions of five new species. Copeia 2013:415-434.
  • Stevenson, D. E. and K. Lewis. 2010. Observer-reported skate bycatch in the commercial groundfish fisheries of Alaska. Fishery Bulletin 108:208-217.
  • Stevenson, D. E. and R. Hibpshman. 2010. Distribution and food habits of two similar species of Bothrocara (Perciformes: Zoarcidae) in the eastern Bering Sea. Environmental Biology of Fishes 87:251-262.
  • Stevenson, D. E. and R. R. Lauth. 2012. Latitudinal trends and temporal shifts in the catch composition of bottom trawls conducted on the eastern Bering Sea shelf. Deep Sea Research Part II 65-70:251-259.
  • Stevenson, D. E., and A. C. Matarese. 2005. The ronquils: a review of the North Pacific fish family Bathymasteridae (Perciformes: Zoarcoidei). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 118:367-406.
  • Stevenson, D. E., and G. R. Hoff. 2009. Species identification confidence in the eastern Bering Sea shelf survey (1982-2008). Alaska Fisheries Science Center Processed Report 2009- 04, 46 p.
  • Stevenson, D. E., and J. W. Orr. 2005. New records of two deepwater skate species from the eastern Bering Sea. Northwestern Naturalist 86:71-81.
  • Stevenson, D. E., and J. W. Orr. 2005. Recent contributions to the knowledge of the skates of Alaska. Alaska Fisheries Science Center Quarterly Report Jan-Feb-Mar 2005, Feature Article, pp. 1-7.
  • Stevenson, D. E., and J. W. Orr. 2006. Lycodes akuugun, a new species of eelpout (Perciformes: Zoarcidae) from the Aleutian Islands. Copeia 2006:77-82.
  • Stevenson, D. E., and M. E. Anderson. 2005. Bothrocara nyx: a new species of eelpout (Perciformes: Zoarcidae) from the Bering Sea. Zootaxa 1094:53-64.
  • Stevenson, D. E., C. P. Kenaley, and N. Raring. 2009. First records of rare mesopelagic fishes from the Gulf of Alaska. Northwestern Naturalist 90:24-34.
  • Stevenson, D. E., C. P. Kenaley, and R. Britz. 2016. Caristiidae: Manefishes, p. 2519-2525. In: The Living Marine Resources of the Eastern Central Atlantic, Vol. 4: Bony fishes part 2 (Perciformes to Tetraodontiformes) and Sea turtles. K. E. Carpenter and N. DeAngelis (eds.), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
  • Stevenson, D. E., J. W. Orr, G. R. Hoff, and J. D. McEachran. 2004. Bathyraja mariposa, a new species of skate (Rajidae: Arhynchobatinae) from the Aleutian Islands. Copeia 2004:305-314.
  • Stevenson, D. E., J. W. Orr, G. R. Hoff, and J. D. McEachran. 2007. A field guide to sharks, skates, and ratfish of Alaska. Alaska Sea Grant, Fairbanks. 77 pp.
  • Stevenson, D. E., J. W. Orr, G. R. Hoff, and J. D. McEachran. 2008. Emerging patterns of species richness, diversity, density, and distribution in the skates (Rajidae) of Alaska. Fishery Bulletin 106:24-39.
  • Stevenson, D. E., K. L. Weinberg, and R. R. Lauth. 2016. Estimating confidence in trawl efficiency and catch quantification for the eastern Bering Sea shelf survey. U.S. Department of Commerce, NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-AFSC-335, 51 p.
  • Stevenson, D. E., M. Moon, M. Rickett, and M. Vechter. 2016. Species identification in the North Pacific Observer Program: training, protocols, and data monitoring. Alaska Fisheries Science Center Processed Report 2016-04, 37 p.
  • Stone, R., D. E. Stevenson, and S. Brooke. 2015. Assessment of a pilot study to collect coral bycatch data from the Alaska commercial fishing fleet. U.S. Department of Commerce, NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-AFSC-296, 45 p.
  • Wilson, A. B., and J. W. Orr. 2011. The evolutionary origins of Syngnathidae; pipefishes and seahorses. Journal of Fish Biology 78:1603-1623.

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Last updated by Alaska Fisheries Science Center on March 22, 2023

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